Sidelong, had push'd a mountain from his scat In the common editions: Sidelong had push'd, &c. forcing way, v. 464 sqq. He who therefore can invent With what, &c. to me deserves No less than for deliverance what we owe. To me, i. e. in my opinion; a Grecism. Book Ix. (x.) v. 927, Thy hatred on me exercise not It seems likely that Milton pronounced exercise not; otherwise the flow of the verse will be scarcely Miltonian. So x. 1385 (XI. 494), against such cruelties With inward consolations recompénc't, And oft supported so as shall amaze Book 1x. (x.) v. 299, "the roots of hell :" Tapтápov piļas, Hesiod. Theog. Book x. (x1.) v. 689. shall be held the highest pitch Of human glorie, and for glorie done Of triumph Glory is here used in the same double sense as laus; a glo rious or praiseworthy deed: v. 785, fastigia summa Dicentur laudis, proque acta laude triumphi. First seen in acts of prowess eminent seen, i. e. spectati, distinguished: v. 813, observatus, regarded with honor and favor. In the Penseroso, where the common editions read, To walk the studious cloisters pale, it has been contended that the true reading is "the studious cloister's pale;" the error having originated in the sign of the genitive being omitted, as usual in old writing. This conjecture is supported by an analogous passage in Dr. Joseph Beaumont's Psyche, Canto XVI. Stanza CXXXVI. where, speaking of the miraculous gift of tongues, he says, They (the apostles) spake; but hampered and scanted now No longer in the Syrian speeches pale; All sounds to them in champagne lay; i. e. in the pale of the Syrian speech. Milton, moreover, would have preferred the singular, cloister; nor is the epithet pale sufficiently defined for his style of writing. REMARKS ON The PHOENICIAN and PUNIC Languages, and their relation to the Hebrew. (From Gesenius's Geschichte der Hebräischen Sprache und Schrift.) In the total decay of the Phoenicio-Punic literature, we have nothing left for the critical examination of these languages, but 1st, insulated words found in old authors, especially the greater passage in Plautus (Pan. Act. v. sc. 1. 2). 2d, Inscriptions and coins found principally in Phoenician colonies 3d, Proper names of persons and places, so far as they have an appellative signification and etymology in the language of the country. On each of these sources in particular. I. Of the Phoenicio-Punic glosses in old authors, scarcely the half can be recognised in the Hebrew, and as little can be It was perhaps not insignificant, at least Pliny (H. N. xvIII. 5), makes mention of libraries at Carthage. Of Phoenician authors we can name as historians, Sanchuniathon (comp. Bocharti Chanaan, cap. 17.); Moschus (Jos. Antiq. 1. 3. Strabo 16. p. 757); Theodotus (Tatiani Orat. c. Gent. no. 37); and Dios (Jos. Apion. 1. 17). Of the Carthaginians, Mago on husbandry (Plin. loco cit.); and Hanno, author of Periplus. Compare Liv. XX VIII. 46, concerning the Ara Hannibalis, in the temple of Juno Lacinia, on which his deeds were described in the Punic and Greek languages 2 They were first collected alphabetically by Bernh. Aldrete Antiquid. Españ. p. 180 ff., and afterwards more completely according to the authors, from Sanchuniathon down to the fathers of the church and the grammarians) by Bochart (Chanaan, 11. 2—16.). 3. Bythlym mothyn, □'m oboa. V. 9. hili gubylim lasibit thym (in hisce habitare regionibus) on nav oba mba. Sc. 11. v. 50. Milpho lechiauna, 5, (Milpho will explain it). V. 67. Gunnebel balsaminierasan, y a 18 ya saa 10 petulantiam stolidi Deus cælorum capistret. Even after the best explanations of Bochart (Canaan p. 721) and Bellermann (Versuch einer Erklärung der Punischen Stellen im Pœnulus des Plautus, 1806. 8.), a wide field is yet open to the acuteness of decypherers. The ancient (Plautinian) version should not be departed from unnecessarily. No one qualified to judge will any longer give place to the opinion that the whole or a part of the same may only be a fabricated jargon. (See Adelung's Mithridat. Th. 1. s. 3. 50.) II. We have altogether a purer and more certain source in the Inscriptions on stones and coins. We obtain here at the same time the true orthography, but difficulties of another kind also step in. These consist partly in a yet unsatisfactory acquaintance with the characters, which are frequently very different, and sometimes indeed imperfectly delineated, and partly in the condition of the monuments themselves. The coins' usually contain only one, and at most but two words, and probably sometimes abbreviations, and can therefore afford little profit; the inscriptions on stone contain far more text, but since they are chiefly epitaphs, containing a great many proper names, they are therefore less satisfactory than they otherwise would be. How much then yet remains to be done in the decyphering of them! The following is a small collection of correctly decyphered appellatives and proper names, from inscriptions and coins. See the descriptions and explanations of the same collected together, with literary notices in Ekhel Doctr. Nummor. Vet. 111. p. 396. ff. Rasche Lex. Rei Nummariæ s. v. Phænice. Comp. Bellermann, Bemerkungen über Phanizische und Punische Münsen, St. 1. 1812. St. II. 1814. 2 A pretty complete account of what is hitherto known, and of what has been written on this subject, may be seen in Bellermann de Phonicum `et Panorum Inscriptionibus, Berolini. 1810. 8. Tyro, appears in the Assyrian names לצר אם צדנם חסר תלגת פלאסר השלמנאסר Sidoniorum, Ekhel, p. 408. seems to have been a אדון .I. Inscr. Cit. II אָנֹכִי =אנס .N אסר ממר propr. Griech. Seganiay. Inscr. Athen. Woman. Inscr. Cit. 11. XXX. god's name, which was y Cit. IV. comp. Ab- DDD Tay N. propr. Cit. 11. www Tay N. propr. Inscr. Athen. In Greek Hiddagos. עבד ססם עבר שמש ibid. In Greek עבד תלת Agreulowpos. In what respect by Eternity. Cit. 11. -eter בית עולם for בת עלם nal house (of the grave), Melit. III. 11 by upon, on. על .in my life בחיי .Life חיים עשתרת Cit. 11. Hannibal (gratia Baalis, cf. Hebræum ). or Cit. II. עשתרת (maid, servant of Astarte) fe- ,Sidon, Sidonian צדנם צדן .Melicertes, i. e מלקרת rex urbis. Inscr. Melit. 1. In the Greek we have for it 'Hpaxλñs. Comp. Bocharti Geogr. s. p. 709. nas Pillar. Cit.11.xxIII. Athen. yn Marathus, a town upon several coins, see Ekhel, 7 Inscr. Athen. in Syria. Num. ap. Ekhel, P. Carthage, upon coins in Ekhel, coins. See Ekhel, p. 417-18. it Alovúσios. 708, which also (Twin) Opas, Didymus. DN, III. In the Phoenician and Punic proper names, there is a two-fold difficulty, consisting partly in the etymology itself being frequently unknown in the living language, and partly in the unfaithful renderings and disfigurements of foreign authors.' The names of places are the most difficult, particularly the Carthaginian, which must be of more ancient origin. The names of persons are more easy, since they are mostly compounded with names of gods which are known. 'See, for example, the Phoenician names of kings. Allgem. Welthisto rie, Th. 2. S. 233. |