Exercise 82.

Correct the following sentences:

They censured the governor's (as they called him) severe administration. He was not willing to accept Captain G.'s (the chief mourner) apology for delay.

James's company (my eldest brother) is quite delightful.

Raw cow's milk is better for children than boiled.

I can affirm the accuracy of Mr. Evans's (the rural dean) statements of our churches.

Hume's Natural Religion' called forth Dr. Beattie's (author of 'The Minstrel') able work.

He found the place replete with wonders of which he proposed to solace himself with the contemplation.

These are the master's rules who must be obeyed.

They attacked Northumberland's house whom they put to death.

Ellen's (my eldest cousin) portrait comes first.

Françe's (as we read) noblest chivalry fell on the plain.

They eagerly obeyed the Protector's (as they called him) imperious mandates.

Adjuncts qualifying Verbs.

171. A Verb may be qualified or enlarged by

(1) An Adverb; as

The folding-doors were immediately thrown open for his reception.

(2) An Adverbial (or Prepositional) Phrase; as

I have often considered these poor souls with an eye of great commiseration.

(3) An Adverbial Clause; as

Some supposed that Signor Nicolini was to subdue the lion in recitative as Orpheus used to serve the wild beasts in his time.

172. The Adverb qualifying an Intransitive Verb is generally placed after the Verb; as

We look before and after.
Duncan comes here to-night.

After life's fitful fever he sleeps well.

The opinion now held by physicians that 'raw cow's milk is better for children than boiled' is very gratifying, as a raw cow gives much more milk than a boiled one.-American paper.

173. Some Adverbs, however, are generally placed before the Verbs qualified; as

The fireman is ever ready.

The soldier never returned.

I often saw him formerly, but he seldom comes now.

174. A few Adverbs are placed indifferently before and after the Verbs qualified; as

Our uncle comes here sometimes.

Our uncle sometimes comes here.

175. Adverbs qualifying compound Verbs are often placed between the Auxiliary and the principal Verb; as

The life of these men is finely described in Holy Writ by the path of an arrow, which is immediately closed up and lost.

176. When the Verb is in the Active Voice and its Object is short, the Adverb is generally placed after the Object; as

He sold his horse yesterday.

We like our teacher very much.

She learns her lessons carefully.

177. When, however, the Object is long, the Adverb is generally placed before it; as

He bore unflinchingly the many cruelties inflicted upon him.

178. Simple Adverbs (with a few exceptions to be dealt with hereafter) are not often misplaced. Care is, however, necessary when a sentence contains two or more Verbs; as

(1) Do you take the physic I send you regularly?

As the sentence stands, regularly qualifies send, though it was probably intended to qualify take, in which case the sentence should read

Do you take regularly the physic I send you ?

(2) Unfortunately in the course of conversation he told me that he had

a cancer.

Unfortunately should come after that or he.

179. An Adverb qualifying a Verb in the Infinitive Mood is sometimes placed between the to and the Verb (as to honourably

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live, or to bravely die '), but this is contrary to the usage of the best writers.

Exercise 83.

Re-arrange the following sentences:

It is not necessary to accurately define the meaning of everything that is said.

To really know the man we must go to his books.

I scarcely ever remember to have had a rougher walk. [Ever qualifies to have had.]

I never remember to have felt an event more deeply.

I never remember to have met with trees of such forms.

I never recollect to have been actuated in painting by any such sentiments.

This is the most powerful article we ever remember to have read.

His last journey was to Cannes, whence he was never destined to return.

The agent called again to see you. [Again qualifies see.]

My sister means to ask you to spend a week with us to-morrow. The cows are coming home to be milked quickly. [Quickly qualifies coming.]

The lecturer begged them earnestly to consider his words. [Make two sentences, earnestly qualifying begged in the first, and consider in the second.]

He intends seriously to strive after amendment. [Treat like the preceding sentence.]

I am quite prepared to tell him what I think of him publicly. Her satin soft shoulder is almost chemically identical with the plated and roughened mail of the crocodile.

Lovatt and the boatman both turned continually their heads.
Always an impressive sight,' said solemnly the Indian.

The poor are the first to feel the evils which result from such a state of things acutely.

He unaffectedly and forcibly spoke.

In the placing of Adverbs, the ear carefully requires to be considered as well as the sense.

I hope that he will come soon back.

180. Adverbial Phrases follow the same rules as simple Adverbs with regard to position; thus:

(1) After an Intransitive Verb; as They rowed from Oxford to Putney. His mercy endureth for ever.

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(2) Between the Auxiliary and the principal Verb; as

The neighbouring parish clerk had, for an insignificant sum, purchased a small, disabled barrel-organ,

(3) After a short Object; as

He played all the instruments by turns.

He composed numerous tunes for the band.

He gained the first prize from the Huddersfield Glee Club for his ' Sisters of the Lea.'

(4) Before a long Object; as

They know by sad experience the domineering necessities which fre quently occur in all great affairs.

181. Adverbial Phrases are often misplaced when there are two or more Verbs in the sentence; thus:

(1) He blew out his brains after bidding his wife good-bye with a gun. 'With a gun' should come after 'brains,' or the sentence should begin with the other phrase, After bidding his wife good-bye.'

(2) Paid to a woman whose husband was drowned by order of the vestry under London Bridge, 17. 1s.

'By order of the vestry' should come after ' 'paid.'

(3) Erected to the memory of John Phillips accidentally shot as a mark of affection by his brother.

This sentence can be re-arranged thus:

Erected by his brother as a mark of affection, to the memory of John Phillips, accidentally shot.

But re-arrangement alone will not cure all its defects.

(4) The hippopotamus managed to escape, and was only run to earth after alarming the whole neighbourhood in the back parlour of a china shop.

This can be re-arranged :

The hippopotamus managed to escape, and only after alarming the whole neighbourhood was [it] run to earth in the back parlour of a china shop.

1 Phrases cannot be placed between the Auxiliary and the principal Verb as often as simple Adverbs. Thus we can say :

'His anthems were well received,'

but we cannot say :

'His anthems were with great applause received,'

(5) Are these designs which any man who is born a Briton, in any circumstances, in any situation, ought to be ashamed or afraid to avow?

Amend by placing the phrases in any circumstances, in any situation,' after ought.'

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(6) He considered marriage with a modern political economist as very dangerous.

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Place with a modern political economist' first,

Exercise 84.

Re-arrange the following sentences:

We have been disturbed ever since the child was born three or four times a night.

I beg to propose Mr. Smith in the place of Mr. Brown who retires as a suitable member of the town council.

Lord Salisbury will reply to Mr. Gladstone's recent Birmingham speech at the Guildhall. [Mr. Gladstone's speech was not delivered at the Guildhall.]

I saw him while walking home with a very near friend of mine who has the misfortune to be a duke in the north of London. [In the north of London is meant to qualify saw.]

I perceived it had been scoured with half an eye.

Her mistress was anxious to tell her to wash her face without offending her.

The body was noticed floating about a mile from where the shirt was found by a man fishing. [The shirt was not found by a man fishing.]

As the contractors will be unable to provide dinner for the large number who will be present without adequate notice no tickets will be sold after Tuesday.

Facilities will be given to any ladies wishing to inspect the laundry on application being made to the manager.

I would not go to the door to see a man in curl papers.

It contained a warrant for conducting me and my retinue to Traldragdubb or Trildrogdrib, for it is pronounced both ways as near as I can remember by a party of ten horse.

They gained the reputation of doing whatever they professed to do honestly and effectively.

He bored my father who suffered much from gout to the verge of distraction.

He made an examination on the day the remains were found in company with Dr, Major.