Hutton counted five or fix fucceffions humility and mortification; the lofty fite, and extenfive profpect, would difpofe the mind to contemplation; and, looking down upon the royal palace beneath, they might compare the tranquillity of their own fituation, preparing their minds for the fcene of everlasting ferenity, which they expected hereafter, with the ftorms which affailed the court, amidst a tumultuous and barbarous people. At the foot of the rock of thefe tracks, which must have folJowed each other in fo many years. Thefe tracts all form fegments of circles, the new ones always outwards, and of confequence forming a part of a larger circle. From various confiderations, Dr Hutton thinks this fingular appearance can neither be owing to any electrical operation, nor to the operation of infects; but he has not hazarded any theory of it himself. The fouth fide of Arthur's Seat is, in many places, a perpendicular rock. This rock, at the fouth-weft corner, exhibits a range of bafaltic pillars, about 5 feet in diameter, of a pentagonal or hexagonal form, and from 40 to 50 feet high. At the bottom of the hill, on the fouth-eaft, is the beautiful lake of Duddingston loch, about a mile and in circumference. On the north fide of the hill, ftands the old ruin of the chapel and hermitage of St Anthony. The fpot was well adapted for an hermitage. Although in the neighbourhood cf a populous city, it bore the appearance, and poffeffed the properties of a defart. Sequeftered from the rest of mankind, the holy hermits might there dedicate their lives to devotion: The barrenness of the rock might teach them is a pure fpring of water, celebrated in the mournful ditty of "St Anton's Well." CALTON HILL. This hill ftands on the north-eaft fide of the city. Its height is 350 feet from the level of the fea. We have mentioned the extensive and beautiful profpect from this hill. To have the full benent of it, a foot path was cut fome years ago around the summit. Besides the observatory, a bridewell has just been erected upon an extenfive and excellent plan by the late Mr Adam. On the fouth-weft fide is a burying ground, at the utmoft verge of which, ftands the monument of David Hume, author of the Hiftory of England, &c. It is a neat building in the Greek tafte, and of a circular form having two wings. (To be continued.) LETTER BY MADAME ROLLAND TO ROBESPIERRE. FROM M. ROLLAND'S APPEAL TO IMPARTIAL POSTERITY. Infirmary of St Pelagic, 08. 23. WITHIN thefe folitary walls, where oppreffed innocence has now dwelt near five months with filent refignation, a ftranger appears. It is a phyfician, brought by my keepers for their own tranquillity; for to the ills of nature, as to the juftice of man, I neither can nor will oppofe aught but calm fortitude. When he heard my name, he said he was the friend of a man, whom I perhaps did not like." Why do you think fo? Who is he?"-Robespierre." "Robefpicrre! I have known him well, and efteemed him much: I have thought him a fincere and zealous friend of freedom."-"Is he not fo?"—" I fear he loves power too: perhaps from you ill of Robefpicrre, if I deceive myself, I -put put it into your power to convince me, that I am wrong. To yourself I repeat what I have faid of you, and I will deliver to your friend a letter, which perhaps my keeper will fuffer to pafs, on account of him to whom it is addroffed. I write not to entreat you, as you may fuppofe. I have never yet entreated any one and certainly I fhall not bgin from a prifon, and with him who has me in his power. Prayer is for the guilty, or the flave: innocence teftifies, which is quite fufficient; or complains, to which he has a right, when oppreffed. But even complaint fuits not me: I can fuffer, without being affraid of what may happen. I know, too, that, at the birth of republics, revolutions almost inevitable, unfolding the paffions of mankind too much, frequently expofe them, who belt ferve their country, to become the victims of their own zeal, and of the errors of their contemporaries. Their confciences will afford them confolation, and history will be their avenger. But from what fingularity am I, a woman, incapable of any thing but withes, expofed to those storms, which fually fall only on active perfons? And what fate is in referve for me? Thefe are two queftions, which I addrefs to you. I deem them of small importance in themfelves, and with regard to myfelf perfonally for what is a fingle emmet more or lefs, crushed by the foot of the elephant, in the general system of the world? But they are of infinite concern, with regard to the prefent liberty and future happiness of my country. For if its declared friends, and avowed dekaders, be confounded together with is confeft enemies, without diftinction; f the faithful citizen and generous patriot be treated in the fame manner as the dangerous regarder of felf, and perficus aristocrate; if the woman of feafe and virtue, who is proud of having a country, and, in her humble rctirement, or whatever her fituation, makes to it every facrifice in her power, finds herself affociated in punishment with the vain or haughty female who curfes equality; furely juftice and freedom do not yet reign, and future happinefs is doubtful. I fpeak not here of my venerable hufband. His accounts fhould have been examined, when they were delivered in inftead of refufing to justify him at first, in order to accufe him after having envenomed the public mind against him by flander. Robefpierre, I defy you not to believe, that Rolland is an honest man. You may be of opinion, that he does not think justly, with refpect to this meafure, or that; but your confcience muft fecretly do homage to his integrity and patriotifm. He needs to be feen little, to be thoroughly known: the book of his heart is always open, and it is intelligible to every one. He has the ruggedness of virtue, as Cato hal its tartnefs: his manners have procured him as many enemies as his inflexible equity but thefe inequalities of furface difappear at a distance, and the great qualities of the public man will remain for ever. It has been reported, that he fanned the flames of civil war at Lyons: and the reporters have dared to alledge this pretext as the caufe of my apprehenfion! The fuppofition was not more just than its confequence. Difgufted with public affairs irritated at perfecution, tired of the world, finking under the burden of his toils and his years, he could do no more than groan in obfcure retirement, and bury himself in filence, to fpare the world a crime. He has corrupted the public mind, and I am his accomplice !-Surely this is of all reproaches the most curious, of all imputations the most abfurd. You, Robespierre, cannot defire me, to take the trouble of refuting them here: the tafk would be too eafy; and you cannot be of the number of thofe good people, who believe a thing because it is in print, and because it has been told them. The pretenfion of my being an A a 2 acceffory acceffory would be laughable; were not the whole rendered atrocious by the cloudy afpect under which it is prefented to the people, who, feeing nothing, forms to its imagination fome monftrous figure of it knows not what. They must have an extreme thirst of injuring me, who can hedge me thus, with premeditated brutality, into an accufation, ftrongly resembling that charge of hightreafon, fo often repeated under the reign of Tiberius, to deftroy all, whom, though guilty of no crime, it was refolved to facrifice. Whence, then a rifes this animofity? I cannot conceive: I, who never injured any one, who know not how even to wifh harm to them who injure me. Brought up in retirement; educated in thofe ferious ftudies, which have unfolded my mind, and enabled it to difplay fome character; addicted to fimple enjoyments, which no circumstances have prevailed to alter; an enthusiastic admirer of the revolution, and giving a loofe to the energy of the generous fentiments it infpires; remote from public tranfactions through principles as well as fex, but converfing on them with warmth, because the interests of the public become of all the first as foon as they exift: I regarded the first calumnies vented against me as contemptible follies; I deemed them the neceffary tribute claimed by envy from a fituation, which the vulgar had ftill the imbecility to confider as exalted, and to which I would have preferred the peaceful ftate, in which I have fpent fo many happy days. Thefe calumnies, however, have increased with effrontery proportionate to my ferenity and exemption from fear: I have been dragged to prifon : and in confinement I have remained near five months; torn from the embraces of my young daughter, who can no longer recline her head on that bofom, from which fhe drew her firft nourishment; far removed from every thing dear to me; the butt of all the envenomed shafts of an abused people, that believes the lofs of my head would be conducive to its happiness; hearing the guards, who watch under my grated window, fometimes amuse themselves with anticipating my punishment: and reading the offenfive libels published againft me by writers, who never faw my face, any more than those, of whose hatred I am an object. I have wearied no one with my remonftrances: from time I expect justice, and the termination of prejudice: wanting many things, I have asked for nothing: I have made up my mind to miffortune, proud of oppofing my strength àgainst hers, and keeping her at my feet. My neceffities becoming urgent, and afraid of involving in trouble, those to whom I might have addreffed myself, I wished to fell the empty bottles in my cellar, which had not been fealed up, because its contents were of fo little value. Immediately the whole quarter was in motion! the house was furrounded; the proprietor was taken into cuf tody; the guards were doubled; and perhaps I have reason to fear for the liberty of a poor nurfe, who has committed no crime but that of having ferved me with affection thirteen years, because I made her life comfortable. So much does the people, stunned with the cry of confpiracy, and mifled with refpect to me, fuppofe me deserving the appellation of a confpirator, It is not to excite pity in you, Robefpierre, to which I am fuperior, and which perhaps I fhould deem an infult, that I prefent to you this picture, which I have confiderably foftened: it is for your inftruction. Fortune is fickle; and popular favour is not lefs addicted to change. Contemplate the fate of them, who have agitated, pleased, or governed the people, from Vifcellinus to Cæfar, and from Hippo, the haranguer of the Syracufans, to our Parifian orator. Juftice and truth alone remain, and afford confolation for whatever may happen, even for death itself; whilft nothing can fhelter men from their ftrokes. Marius and If you will be juft, and read with reflection what I write, my letter will not be ufelefs to you, and in that case it may poffibly be of fervice to my coun and Sylla profcribed thoufands of knights, numbers of fenators, and a multitude of unfortunate wretches. But could they ftifle the voice of hiftory, which has devoted their memories to execration? try. Be that as it may, Robespierre, I know, and you cannot but feel, that a perfon, who has known me, cannot perfecute me without remorse. or could they taste the cup of happiness? Whatever fate be referved for me, I can fubmit to it in a manner worthy of myself; or anticipate it, if I think proper. After having received the honours of perfecution, are thofe of martyrdom to crown the whole? am I deftined to languish in protracted captivity, expofed to the first catastrophe, that it may be judged requifite to excite? or am I to be fentenced to nominal tranfportation, to experience, when a few leagues at fea, that trifling negligence on the part of the captain, which rids him of the trouble of his living cargo, to the profit of the waves? Tell me which: for it is fomething to know our fate, and a foul like mine is capable of looking it in the face. ROLAND, formerly Philipon. Note. The idea of this letter, the defign of writing it, and the intention of fending it, have remained in my mind for four-and-twenty hours: but what effect can my reflections have on a man, who facrifices colleagues, of whofe integrity he is fully affured? If my letter will do no fervice, it would be ill-timed. It would only embroil me to no purpofe with a tyrant, who may facrifice, but cannot debafe me. I will not fend it. We fall lay before our readers fome interefling articles, from this celebrated work, in our next number. LETTERS ON DUELLING*. LETTER I. there is fomething fo impious, fo pre From Thomas Gilles, Efq; to Andreu fuming in duelling; fomething fo con Crifp, Efq. DEAR SIR, THE concern I have for your welfare, as well for your own fake, as for that of my good friend your father, who in fome manner entrusted you to my care, obliges me to fend you thefe few lines. I understand that you and Mr Orme have had high words, and that he has given you a challenge, and you are to meet next Saturday to decide the quarrel. Let me entreat you to confider what you are about; and how you are entering upon a measure, that may, if you overcome, give you everlafling inquietude and remorfe; and if you fall, must deftroy in one rafh moment all the hopes of the best of parents, and in all probability your own foul; for a fudden death admits of no repent ence. I know what belongs to honour as well as any man, and can allow a great deal on this fcore; but I think Said to be the genuine productions of Mr Richardfun, author of Pamela, &c. trary to the laws of God and man, fo arrogant, in taking upon one's felf to be both our own judge and jury, that it is an execrable action, and deferves punifhment here, in cafe of furvival, as it will very likely meet with it hereafter. Wave therefore, I beseech you, for God's fake, for your family's fake, for your own fake, for my fake, your refentment on this occafion, and fubmit the caufe between you to arbitration. I have a refpect for Mr Orme, and fhall write to him pretty much to the fame effect; and hope you will both of you moderate your refentments, and fubmit the affair to fome difcreet friends; and I am fure you will have caufe to rejoice, both of you, that ye have followed my advice, when reflection takes place of the prefent heat, and will join to thank Your truly affectionate and faithful friend THOMAS GILLES. LETTIR LETTER II. From Thomas Gilles, Efq; to John Your moft obliged humble fervant, LETTER IV. From John Orme, Efq; to Thomas der concern for me. It is true, I thought of nothing less than of meeting Mr.Orme to-morrow, according to his SIR, I understand by Mr Wood, who appointment. But if he has the fame was prefent, that on occafion of high fentiments with which your kind and words between you and Mr Crifp, you affectionate letter has infpired me, I am have fent him a challenge, and that next not averfe to make the matter up with Saturday is appointed for the decifion of him, for the fake of all the confiderathe affair. I am heartily concerned for tions you fo kindly mention. But as it; for I respect you both very much; he gave the challenge, I judge the mo and muft beg you, as I have wrote to tion must come from him. And as you him to the fame effect, to reflect in time have wrote a letter to him, I cannot on this vindictive meafure, in which fay but I fhould be glad he has in this two angry young gentlemen think fit inftance (for I wifh no other arbitrator to arrogate to themfelves the province than yourself,) as much deference and that leaft belongs to them, no lefs than and refpect to your kind interpofition, affuming a power over one another's as has, dear good Sir, lives, and to be their own judge and jury too. I have conjured Mr Crifp, by the duty he owes to God, to his parents, to himself, and the regard I claim for my affection for him, to wave this matter, and fubmit the affair to arbitration. I take upon me to do the fame by you; and beg you will let these Ir is true I have defired a meeting confiderations have their proper weight of Mr Crifp, for I think he has used with you. For why should me in fuch a manner as one gentleman from a ye, few rafh words and mifapprehenfion, fhould not ufe another. But if he is precipitate yourselves on fo fatal a mea- willing to acknowledge his error, I shall fure, which may be equally pernicious not, for the fake of your kind interpofito your fouls and bodies? There is tion, and the motives you mention, demore true bravery in forgiving an injury cline putting it up. He may very fafely than in refenting it. And I am fure leave his concerns to fuch a friend as you will both thank me for my inter- yourself; and as 1 defire only a fatifpofition, if you will cooly confider what faction for my honour, which I think next Saturday may bring forth, if has fuffered from the ufuage I have refhould proceed, and how many happy ceived from Mr Crifp, I am willing to years of life you may rob one another leave the matter to your arbitration, of; and even the furvivor be haunted being well affured of your honour and with fuch remorse as may make all his impartiality, and defirous to convince future days unhappy. Once more, I you how much I am, Sir, hope thefe friendly remonftrances will have their due weight with you; for they proceed from the honeft heart of the true friend of you both, you THOMAS GILLES. LETTER III. From Andrea Crifp, Efq; to Thomas GOOD SIR, I AM infinitely obliged to you for this fresh inftance of your kind and ten SIR, Your humble fervant, LETTER V. From Thomas Gilles, Efq; to John |