is much more cleanly, and has answered what could be wished from it, though it may not be improper to give every third day three drachms of the antimonial preparation, after which, warmth is necessary.

There is another kind of mange, called the Red Mange, which is a much more virulent species, and has often baffled the ablest practitioners. To what it may be owing may be uncertain, but it is undoubtedly not occasioned by the circumstances, which have been mentioned as productive of the common mange. I have observed it most frequently when high feeding and want of exercise have given a degree of acrimony to the constitution, but I have seen it hereditary. It usually comes on with a burning heat and inflammation on the top of the shoulders and back, and when it arrives at a certain degree of malignity, the hair comes off the affected parts as if they had been scalded. After being, to all appearance, cured, it will sometimes return in a few months, sometimes in a year with all its former virulence, and effectually resist every attempt to eradicate it. The corrosive sublimate wash has been recommended, but the application is too painful to the feeling mind to be adopted, as well as all the preparations where the oils of turpentine and vitriol are introduced. On this account the Fox Glove Decoction, or the simple Mercurial ointment is to be preferred with Mr. Blaine's Mercurial Pill. They generally afford a temporary relief, and the disorder on its return may be treated in the same manner. Of many perfect and lasting cures I doubt, having seen only a single instance; but there is still some consolation from being able to afford even a temporary relief to a faithful and suffering animal, "who is sensible of every kindness from his master; is grateful for the smallest favor; who guards him by night, and amuses him by day, and is perhaps the only companion that will not forsake him in adversity."

terwards to be well washed with warm water and sweet soap, taking care of the eyes.

Powdered chalk, with a little quick lime mixed with it, dusted over the dogs (taking very great care of the eyes on account of the lime), and brushed off afterwards, will clean their coats, and destroy fleas and ticks.

Beckford, on Hunting.

HINTS

FOR THE

CULTIVATION OF THE PEAT-BOGS

IN

Ireland,

WITH A VIEW TO THE

INCREASE OF POPULATION,

SECURITY, AND PUBLIC HAPPINESS,

ESPECIALLY IN THAT PART OF

THE UNITED KINGDOM.

IN A

LETTER

ΤΟ

THE REV. T. MALTHUS.

ORIGINAL.

HINTS,

&c. &c.

REV. SIR,

In the pages which I now take the liberty of addressing to you, I am indebted for most of the principles, and many of the facts, on which I have proceeded, to your excellent treatise on population. I have, therefore, adopted the present form, as the most suitable way of acknowledging that obligation. Your work is so well known and so generally studied, that my readers will readily distinguish those parts of the arguments for which I alone am responsible and the same circumstance will render unnecessary such frequent references and long quotations, as would to many persons appear tedious. This will be the more easily avoided in an essay addressed to yourself; in which of course it will be allowed to assume at once those principles which you have established by a detailed argument.

It seems indeed to be generally admitted at present by the thinking part of the community, that, desirable as population is in itself, the only rational way, not only to render it efficient and truly valuable, but ultimately to increase its absolute amount, is, not by direct and positive encouragement, but by increasing the means of subsistence. By what methods it is most practicable or most advisable to effect this, is the principal question that remains.

Colonization is one which holds out appearances peculiarly specious. Besides the glory of extending the empire of our country, and of spreading civilization, and religion, and increased

happiness, among barbarous nations; besides the benefit of opening a new vent for our commerce; the system of colonization seems to hold out peculiar advantages, with a view to population and the means of subsisting it. To unload upon unoccupied space our surplus numbers, who begin to press too hard on the resources for their support, at once gives us new citizens, and relieves those we already possess. A place of refuge is opened for all who find themselves unable by their labour to procure a maintenance equal to their wants or their wishes; and those whom they leave behind are no longer cramped in exertion by their competition, nor limited in enjoyments by their consumption. Such, in theory, and such, under some circumstances, in practice, are the advantages of colonization. But the present age, superior as it is in enterprize and resources to all that have preceded it, offers at the same time such obstacles to colonization as will probably prevent its going on with much spirit.

The remoteness of those countries which we now naturally look to as the seats of our colonies, and the consequent difficulty of supplying and supporting them; as well as the unwillingness of most men to undertake long voyages, and fix themselves at a vast distance from their native country, and from all the connections they may have left there; and, I may add, the difficulty of protecting a colony, when weak, and of restraining it, when strong; all these objections operate so powerfully, that on a practical view of the subject, few men are at present very sanguine in their expectations on this point.

To cite the example of New South Wales,-to detail the individual hardships and public expenses incident to the first settling of colonies,-and to point out how inadequate a drain they prove, for the surplus population of the parent state, is rendered unnecessary by your just and valuable remarks on the subject.

Yet no one I conceive would be more ready than yourself to admit the advantage of pursuing such a system, in any case where these objections could be, entirely, or in great measure removed. No candid reader of your treatise can doubt that you are a warm advocate for the increase of population, by every means which shall at the same time increase, or at least not diminish, the relative VOL. IX. F

NO. XVII.

Pam.