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SCENE changes to a more remote Part of the
Platform.

Re-enter Ghoft and HAMLET.

Ham. Where wilt thou lead me? fpeak, I'll ge no further.

Ghaft. Mark me.

Ham. I will.

Ghoft. My hour is almoft come,

When I to fulphurous and tormenting flames
Muft render up myself.

Ham. Alas, poor Ghost!

Ghoft. Pity me not, but lend thy ferious hearing To what I fhall unfold.

Ham. Speak, I am bound to hear.

Choft. So art thou to revenge, when thou fhalt hear.

Ham. What?

Gheft. I am thy father's Spirit;

Doomed for a certain term to walk the night,
And, for the day, confined to fast in fires; (18)

(18) And, for the day, confined to faft in fires;] I once fufpected this expression-to fat in fires; because though fafting is often a part of penance injoined us by the churchdifcipline here on earth, yet I conceive it would be no great punishment for a fpirit, a being which requires no fuftenance, to faft. Mr Warburton has fince perfectly convinced me that the text is not to be disturbed, but that the expreffion is purely metaphorical. For it is the opinion of the religion here reprefented, (i. e. the Roman-catholic) that faling purifies the foul here, as the fire does in the purgatory here alluded to; and that the foul must be purged either by fafting here, or by burning hereafter. This opinion Shakefpeare again hints at, where he makes Hamlet fay;

He took my father grofly, full of bread.

And we are to obferve, that it is a common faying of the Romish priests to their people, "If you won't faft here, you must faft in fire."

Till the foul crimes, done in my days of nature,
Are burnt and purged away. But that I am forbid
To tell the fecrets of my prifon-house,

I could a tale unfold, whofe lightest word
Would harrow up thy foul, freeze thy young blood,
Make thy two eyes, like ftars, ftart from their ipheres,
Thy knotty and combined locks to part,
And each particular hair to stand on end
Like quills upon the fretful porcupine:
But this eternal blazon must not be

To ears of flesh and blood; lift, lift, oh lift!
If thou didst ever thy dear father love---------
Ham. Oh Heaven!

Ghoft. Revenge his foul and moft unnatural mur

der.

Ham. Murder!

Ghost. Murder most foul, as in the best it is; But this moft foul, ftrange, and unnatural.

Ham. Hafte me to know it, that I, with wings As meditation or the thoughts of love, [as fwift May fweep to my revenge.

Ghoft. I find thee apt;

And duller fhouldit thou be than the fat weed
That roots itself in ease on Lethe's wharf,

Wouldit thou not ftir in this. Now, Hamlet, hear;
'Tis given out, that, fleeping in my orchard,
A ferpent ftung me. So the whole ear of Denmark
Is by a forged procefs of my death

Rankly abused: but know, thou noble youth,
The ferpent, that did fting thy father's life,
Now wears his crowr.

Ham. Oh, my prophetic foul! my uncle?
Ghoft. Ay, that incestuous, that adulterate beast,
With witchcraft of his wit, with traitorous gifts,
(O wicked wit, and gifts, that have the power
So to fednice!) won to his fhameful kust
D

VOL. XII.

The will of my moft feeming-virtuous Queen.
Oh Hamlet, what a falling off was there!
From me, whofe love was of that dignity,
That it went hand in hand even with the vow
I made to her in marriage; and to decline
Upon a wretch, whose natural gifts were poor
To thofe of mine!

But virtue, as it never will be moved,

Though lewdness court it in the shape of heaven;
So luft, though to a radiant angel linked,
Will fate itself in a celestial bed,

And prey on garbage------

But foft! methinks I fcent the morning air-----
Brief let me be; Sleeping within mine orchard,
My custom always of the afternoon,
Upon my fecure hour thy uncle ftule
With juice of curfed hebenon in a phial,
And in the porches of mine ears did pour
The leperous distilment; whose effect
Holds fuch an enmity with blood of man,
That fwift as quick-filver it,courses through
The natural gates and alleys of the body;
And, with a fudden vigour, it doth poffet
And curd, like eager droppings into milk,
The thin and wholfome blood: fo did it mine,
And a most instant tetter barked about,
Moft lazar-like, with vile and loathfome crust
All my fmooth body.----

Thus was I, fleeping by a brother's hand,
Of life, of crown, of Queen, at once dispatch'd;
Cut off even in the bloffoms of my fin,
Unhoufeled, unappointed, unanealed: (19)

(19) Unhouzzled, unanointed, unanealed;] The ghost, having recounted the procefs of his murder, proceeds to exaggerate the inhumanity and unnaturaluefs of the fact, from the circumstances in which he was surprised. But thefe, I find, have

No reckoning made, but fent to my account
With all my imperfections on my head.
Oh, horrible' oh, horrible! most horrible!
If thou haft nature in thee, bear it not;

been ftumbling-blocks to our editors; and therefore I must amend and explain these three compound adjectives in their order Instead of unhouzzled, we must restore unhouseled, i. e. without the facrament taken, from the old Saxon word for the facrament, houfel. So our etymologifts, and Chaucer write it; and Spencer, accordingly, calls the facramental fire bouling fire. In the next place, unanointed is a fophiftication of the text; the old copies concur in reading disappointed. I corrected,

unboufeled, unappointed.

i. e no confeffion of fins made, no reconciliation to Heaven, no appointment of penance by the church. To this purpose Othello fpeaks to his wife, when he is upon the point of killing her;

If you bethink yourself of any crime,

Unreconciled as yet to Heaven and Grace,
Solicit for it strait.

So, in Measure for Meafore, when Ifabella brings word to Claudio that he is to be inftantly executed, the urges him to this neceffary duty;

Therefore your best appointment make with speed,
To-morrow you fet out.

Unanealed, I agree to be the Poet's genuine word; but I must take the liberty to difpute Mr Pope's explication of it, viz. No kuell rung. I don't pretend to know what gloffaries Mr Pope may have confulted and trusts to; but whatsoever they are, I am fure, their comment is very fingular in the word alledged. The adjective formed from knell, must have been unknelled or unknolled.

So, in Macbeth;

Had I as many fons, as I have hairs,

I would not wifh them to a fairer death;

And fo his knell is knolled.

There is no rule in orthography for finking the k in the deflexion of any verb or compound formed from knell, and melting it into a vowel. What fenfe does unanealed then bear? Skinner, in his Lexicon of old and obfolete EngIith terms, tells us, that ancaled is un&us, from the Teutonic

Let not the royal bed of Denmark be
A couch for luxury and damned incest.
But howfoever thou purfueft this act,
Taint not thy mind, nor let thy foul contrive
Against thy mother aught; leave her to Heaven,
And to thofe thorns that in her bofom lodge,
To prick and fting her. Fare thee well at once!
The glow-worm fhews the matin to be near,
And 'gins to pale his uneffectual fire.
Adieu, adieu, adieu; remember me.
Ham. Oh, all you hoft of heaven! oh earth!
what else?

[Exit.

And fhall I couple hell? oh, hold my heart-------
And you, my finews, grow not inftant old;
But bear me ftiffly up. Remember thee--------
Ay, thou poor ghoft, while memory holds a feat
In this distracted globe; remember thee------
Yea, from the table of my memory (20)
I'll wipe away all trivial fond records,
All faws of books, all forms, all preffures past,

prepofition an, and ole, i. e. cil; fo that unanealed must confequently fignify unanointed, not having the extreme union. So the Poet's reading and explication being afcertained, he very finely makes his ghoft complain of thefe four dreadful hardships, that he had been dispatched out of life without receiving the hofte, or facrament; without being reconciled to heaven and abfolved; without the bencfit of extreme unction; or without fo much as a confeffion made of his fins. The having no kell rung, I think, is not a point of equal confequence to any of thefe; efpccially if we confider, that the Romish church admits the efficacy of praying for the

dead.

(20) Yea, from the table of my memory

I'll wipe away all trivial fond records,] Æfchylus, I remember, twice ufes this very metaphor; confidering the mind or memory as a tablet, or writing-book, on which we are to engrave things worthy of remembrance:

"Ην ἐγγράφο Σὺ μνήμοσιν Δέλτοις φρενών.
Δελτογράφω δὲ πάντ ̓ ἐπωπᾷ φρενί.

Prometh.

Eumenid

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