XV. land of Goshen 166 Evelyn met him again, Nov. CHAP. 29, 1662, and writes: 'I went to Court this evening, and had much discourse with Dr. Basiers, one of his Maty's chaplains, the greate traveller, who showed me the syngraphs and original subscriptions of divers eastern patriarchs and Asian churches to our confession 167" reflections. It is our duty affectionately to remember the Concluding faithful efforts which, under circumstances so adverse, were made for the spiritual welfare of the East, by such men as Pocock and Basire; and, possessing as we do, enlarged facilities for the same work, to apply them, right manfully, to the prosecution of it. We know that like exertions, made in our own day, in countries further eastward, and by some who have neither walked "by the same rule," nor minded "the same thing 168" with ourselves, have received from our countrymen the praises which they have justly earned. And, if I am permitted in the sequel of this work to notice them more particularly, I trust that I shall, with no niggard or reluctant spirit, acknowledge the pious labours of Carey, of Marshman, and of Morrison. Meanwhile, let not the earlier deeds of our own fathers and brethren in the faith be forgotten by the men of this generation. Rather let them be received as sure signs to show, that, throughout all the changes of external vicissi 166 Evelyn's Memoirs, ii. 181. 167 Ibid. 202. VOL. II. 163 Phil. iii. 16. X XV. CHAP. tude, the Church, of which we are baptized members, has never forfeited her authority as 'a witness and a keeper of Holy Writ 169.? "For Zion's sake," therefore, let us "not hold" our "peace, and for Jerusalem's sake" let us "not rest, until the righteousness thereof go forth as brightness, and the salvation thereof as a lamp that burneth. And the Gentiles shall see" her "righteousness, and all kings" her "glory 170" CHAPTER XVI. THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIES, FROM THE BEGINNING A. D. 1625-1660-1. The NEW ENGLAND Council grants Patents to Massachusetts Bay and New Hampshire in 1627-9, and surrenders its Charter to the Crown in 1635-Remarks on these Patents-New Hampshire annexed to Massachusetts in 1641-Maine granted to Sir F. Gorges by Charles, in 1639-Remarks thereon-Maine annexed to Massachusetts in 1651-Summary of the subsequent history of New Hampshire and Maine-Progress of the Colony of Massachusetts-Its Laws-Rules of church-membership-Lechford's Plain Dealing'-Roger Williams-Rhode Island-Antinomians-Connecticut-New Haven-The Pequod War-Colonies of New England united in 1643Harvard College-Education-Hugh Peters-Bishop Lake-Conduct of New England emigrants towards the Indians-Eliot, 'the apostle of the Indians'-Society for Propagating the Gospel in New England, established in 1649—Severities of New England ruleAddress to Charles the Second-Relations with European powers in North America during this period. XVI. I NOW return to take a connected survey of the NEW CHAP. ENGLAND Colonies, under which title are included all those planted in the parts of North America, lying between the thirty-fourth and forty-fifth degrees of latitude, and assigned by James the First, in 1606, to the North Virginia, or Plymouth, Company. The XVI. CHAP. abortive efforts made by different adventurers, under the authority of the Company, from that time to the year 1620; the new, but useless, Charter granted in that year, assigning the limits of the territory from the fortieth to the forty-eighth degrees of latitude; the settlement commenced, without their authority, in the same year, at Plymouth, in the Bay of Massachusetts, by Puritan emigrants from Leyden; the causes which compelled the Company at home, to acquiesce in a proceeding which was a direct infringement of their own rights; the gradual extension of the New Plymouth Colony; the intolerant spirit of those who followed them; and the unsuccessful attempt made, in 1623, by Robert Gorges, and Morrell,—the latter of whom was a clergyman of our Church,-to plant a settlement in another part of the same Bay, by virtue of a Patent granted to Gorges for that purpose, have all been described in a former part of this work'. The NEW grants Pa sachusetts In the eleventh year of Charles the First, 1635, the Council of New England terminated its existence tents to Mas- by the voluntary surrender of its Charter to the Bay and New Crown. But, before this was done, two other Patents Hampshire in 1627-9, had been granted under its authority for the settleand surrenders its ment of other portions of the territory; the first, being that of Massachusetts Bay, to Sir Henry Rosewell and others, in 1627-82; and the second, that of New Hampshire, given in the following Charter to the Crown in 1635. 1 Vol. i. c. xii. in loc. 2 Neal's History of New England, i. 122. XVI. year, to Captain John Mason, who had formerly CHAP. been governor of a plantation in Newfoundland'. A body of planters and servants, under the command of John Endicot, soon set out to establish the Colony designed by the first of these Patents; and Salem, the first permanent town of Massachusetts, was founded by them in September, 16285. But some of the parties, who were persuaded to join the undertaking, not satisfied with the powers conferred upon them under their Patent, succeeded in obtaining, during the next year, another from the Crown confirming it; and it is important to observe here its chief provisions. After reciting the boundaries of the new territory,—which, in length, extended to a line three miles south of Charles River, and to the same distance north of the River Merrimack; and, in breadth, from the Atlantic to the South Sea;and stating that it was to be held by the grantees, and by their heirs and assigns, in free and common socage of the manor of East Greenwich, for which was to be paid, in lieu of all services, a fifth of the gold and silver found in the country:-it declares 3 Hazard, i. 289–293. 4 Ibid. 387. I may here take the opportunity of informing the reader that I make no further mention of Newfoundland in this Volume, because I have, by anticipation, given a summary of its history, towards the end of the eleventh chapter in my former Volume. The only document, connected with Newfoundland at this period, which I have since met with, is a Commission for its government granted by Charles the That vpon First, in 1633; and among various 5 Chalmers, 136. |