AUTHORITIES. Bermuda Royal Gazette, May 21, 1844. Desiderio Herrera-Schomburgk - Redfield's Track XIV., Silliman's Jour., vols. i. and ii. N.S. 1846-Piddington, pp. 26, 133, 160, 208, 213, 215, 283Thomson, p. 418-Reseña de los Estragos del Huracan de 1846, p. 7-Reid's Progress to Devel., pp. 295, 303, 311-Bermuda Royal Gazette, Nov. 12, 1844— Johnston--Evans. Johnston-Evans. Reid's Progress of the Devel., p. 265-269. Desiderio Herrera - Schomburgk - Red- 358. Reid's Progress of the Devel., pp. 362, 364– 367. Reid's Progress of the Devel., p. 334. St. Vincent Almanac for 1851, p. 119- Bermuda Royal Gazette, July 23 and * This hurricane commenced at lat. 12° and long. 53° on Oct. 10, and passed over Tobago on Oct. 11. AUTHORITIES. Andrés Poey, Anales de las Reales Juntas St. Christopher Almanac for 1855-New St. Vincent Almanac for 1851, p. 123-St. El Eco del Comercio de Vera Cruz, 14 de St. Christopher Almanac for 1855—Ber- New York Herald, 20, 23 Oct. 1852.† Redfield, Amer. Jour. of Science and Arts, * This is the same gale which Capt. Frith of the brigantine Lady Chapman' encountered near St. Eustatius, lat. 20°, long. 65° 15', on the 26th; and which dismasted on the 30th the American brig Eolian,' Capt. Jordan, bound from New York to St. Juan de Nicaragua. This gale passed 250 miles E. of Barbados, and in the last week of September touched W. of Bermuda.-Bermuda Royal Gazette of Oct. 5 and 12, 1852. The Montserrat papers state that it was the most severe that has been experienced for the last thirty years. This may be the same gale that was felt at Prince Edward Island on the 15th of the same month, and at Sydney, N. S. Bark Vesta,' from Savannah for Boston, which sailed on the 15th, encountered on the 18th a terrific gale, which lasted 72 hours. N. Y. Herald, Oct. 28.-The brig Empire,' which arrived at Galveston on the 13th from New York, met a severe storm on the 30th Sept. Galveston Civilian, 15th Oct.; N. Y. Herald, 27th Oct. 1852. This is the last hurricane traced by Mr. Redfield, which traversed a distance of 7276 miles in about 12 days; at an average progression of nearly 26 miles an hour. The average progress of the storm while in the inter-tropical latitudes was near 13 miles per hour; but in the higher latitudes this rate was greatly increased, and after passing the Banks of Newfoundland the progress of the storm was equal to about 50 miles per hour. TABLE showing the Monthly Distribution of 365+ Cyclonic Hurricanes which have occurred in the West Indies and in the Atlantic Ocean within 362 years, from 1493 to 1855. This record shows that hurricanes have occurred in every month of the year, although they seem to be far more frequent from July to November, especially during August and September. If we examine the distribution of hurricanes by centuries, according to my table, we come to the following conclusion: It is to be observed that for the last half century my records show more cases of hurricanes than for any century previous, and that the 18th century offers also five times as many hurricanes as the 17th century, and so on. But it would not be prudent to deduce from this remark, that hurricanes have occurred with less frequency during the previous centuries than in the last; for as I have observed several times, in my investigations on the phenomena of hailstorms, lightning, and earthquakes in Cuba,‡ we are for the most part in * 1855, Aug. 26, Santo Domingo, Schomburgk. See London Athenæum, Nov. 3, 1855.-ED. † Although my Table comprises 400 hurricanes, yet there are 45 of which the month has not been ascertained. See my Memoirs on Hailstorms in Cuba in the Annales de Chimie et de Phys., 3e. série, t. xliv.; on Lightning Storms in Cuba and the United States of America, in the Annuaire de la Société Météorologique de France, t. iii. p. 41 ; and the Chronological Table of Earthquakes which have occurred in Cuba from 1551 to 1855, in the Nouvelles Annales des Voyages, June, 1855. want of meteorological data to establish any laws from the little materials which science possesses. It is only from the commencement of this century, and more especially from 1831, when Mr. Redfield drew the attention of philosophers and observers by his important discovery, that the phenomena of hurricanes have been more closely studied and observed. A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LIST of 450 Authors, Books, and Periodicals where some interesting accounts may be found, especially on the West and East Indian Hurricanes. By Andrés Poey, of Havanna, Cuba. Books. Rules in Seamanship; Bermuda Royal Gazette, Sept. 29, 1846-Annual of Scientific Discovery, edited by David A. Wells, A.M., Boston, 1853, p. 380. Opinion of M. Arago on the Theory of Espy, Bache, Reid, and Redfield, Comptes Rendus de l'Acad. des Sciences de Paris, 1838, vol. vii. p. 708. See also, on different subjects of Hurricanes, An. de Chi. et Phy., vol. vii. p. 255, 1843; vol. viii. p. 66, 1818; vol. ix. p. 216, 1818; Comptes Rendus, vol. i. p. 403, 1835. Météores, liv. 3, ch. i.; Traité de Mundo, ch. iv. Hurricane of Oct. 18, 1815, at Jamaica; Edin. Phil. Journal, vol. vii. p. 257. Pacific Hurricanes; Naut. Mag., 1851, p. 610. The Hastings and Sphinx Hurricane of Sept. 30 and Oct. 1 in the China Sea; Naut. Mag., 1852, p. 34. Exposé de la Théorie de M. Espy sur les Ouragans, Annales de Chimie et de Physique, 3° Série, vol. i. p. 372; Comptes Rendus, vol. xii., 1841. Note and Diagrams illustrative of the Directions of the On Dust Storms and Whirlwinds of Electricity; Phil. Mag., Mechanical Theory of Storms, containing the True Law of Memoranda relative to Hurricanes; Barbados General Traité d'Electricité artificielle et naturelle; Turin, 1753, On Whirlwinds; Jour. of Voyages and Travels, vol. ii. p. 362. Meteorologisch-Klimatographischer Atlas, Gotha, 1849, plate vii., Windkarte der Erde. Hydrodynamica; Strasbourg, 1738. BERTHOLON (l'Abbé) Des Ouragans; De l'Electricité des Météores, Paris, 1787, BIET BIRT vol. ii. p. 309. Description des Ouragans des Antilles qui eurent lieu à Handbook of the Law of Storms, being a Digest of the Books. Waves, including Instructions for observing the Pheno- An Account of the Hurricane at Barbados on Oct. 10, 1780; Discourse concerning the Origin and Properties of Wind, Dissertazione sopra il Turbino che la notte Tragli 11 e 12 Lois des Tempêtes, ou Guide des Navigateurs, an abridged Correction of an Error in Professor Dove's Letter on the 276. On Whirlwinds; Trav., vol. ix. p. 422-Park, Trav., p. 135. Sur les Vents, Ouragans, et les Trombes; Œuvres de Typhoon in the China Sea; Naut. Mag., 1843, p. 368. On Prevailing Storms of Atlantic Coast of North America; Remarks on the Course of the Hurricane which occurred on Voyage à la Martinique; Paris, 1763, p. 14. Account of a Typhoon in the China Sea on the 15th of Sept. 1852, addressed to the Managing Directors, Peninsular and Oriental Company, London. Viage al Magallan, 1793, p. 15. Opinion on the Cause of Hurricanes; Motion of the Fluids, Vida del Almirante, by Fernando Colon, p. 56. Théorie des Vents, Mémoire couronné en 1785 par l' Acad. On the Greenland Storms; History of Greenland, vol. i. p. 47. |