drive them behind the wood upon their heavy baggage, and fo leave them not ground enough to play the men.

"As it was therefore abfolutely neceffary that the Ruffians fhould make themfelves mafters of the wood, a few regiments of infantry inftantly took poffeffion of it; ftrong batteries were planted on the right and left of it; and, in fpite of the continual fire of the enemy's cannon, the whole army foon took poft in it, in fuch manner that the main body had the wood at their back,

"In the mean time the enemy had advanced about 600 paces, playing their cannon continually, and about fix o'clock began to make a continual fire from their musketry. They pushed up to the body of our army, which they attacked, fuftained by the fire of their cannon and small arms, with all the vigour imaginable, in order to diflodge it from the wood; and though they had even already gained fome ground in it, they were nevertheless repulfed by the Aequally vigorous refiftance of the Ruffian army, whom the continual prefence of the Field-Marshal Apraxin animated and encouraged, and forced, by the fuperior fire of the Ruffian artillery, to defift from this attack, and to retire.

"During this operation the enemy detached along the wood most of their cavalry of the left wing, in order to turn our right wing, attack us in the rear, and thereby put us between two fires but General Count Brown obferving in time the motions and defigns of the enemy, immediately occupied feveral defiles through which the enemy were to pafs, waited for them refolutely, likewife forced them to defift from their attempt, and to retire with confi

derable lofs.

"The efforts of the enemy having been fruitless on one fide, and their defigns difconcerted on the other, and our battery having all along fharply galled them; after a moft vigorous conflict, and a continual fire, they began at eight o'clock to retire in good order; but our men having purfued and preffed clofe upon them, they were routed to fuch a degree, that they haftened back to the VOL. XIX.

wood, abandoning part of their artillery, and as meanly fled as they had bravely fought. Our army purfued them as far as the wood of Wehlau, within a league and a half of the field of battle, where it formed again the fame evening its camp against the faid wood; and Gen. Sibilíky pursued them with fome regiments of foot, and a few thousand Coffacks and Calmucks, as far as the gates of Wehlau; whereby the army further loft between 5 and 600 men.

"The battle in general was extremely obftinate; the vigilance and continual prefence of the Field-Marfhal commandant and of the general officers, and of the artillery under the direction of Lt-Gen. Tolfky, have infinitely contributed towards this victory: they are all either wounded themselves, or their horfes. The infantry, always ftanding, against the moft impetuous attacks, deferve all the eulogies.

"The enemy occupied the fame day its old camp and intrenchment on the other fide of Wehlau, and, according to our information, must have abandoned it the next day,, in order to retire to Tapiau, two leagues behind Wehlau, towards, Konigsberg. The 31ft our army returned folemn thanks to heaven, and fung Te Deum. The 1ft of September was spent in taking care of the wounded and the prifoners; and the next day we began our march to occupy Wehlau, and from thence to proceed towards Konigfberg, ordering our operations accor ding to the enemy's motions.

Lofs of the RUSSIANS. Gen. Lapuchin, Lt-Gen. Sibin, and Capinifla, brigadier of the Coffacks, killed.

Gen. Lieven, Lt-Gen. Matthew Lieven, LtGen. Toliky, of the artillery; Maj.-Generals Vil

lebois, Manteuffel, Weymar, du Bufquet, and,

Brig. Plemenikow, wounded; and two horfes. wounded under Marshal Apraxin.

Col. Pateul, Lt-Col. Centrovius, and Maj. Gerfdorff, killed.

Boffuet, and 14 lieutenant-colonels and majors, wounded.

Col. Prince Proforoffski, Col. Taffikoff, Col.

Of other officers 30 were killed, and 180, wounded.

Soldiers of the regular troops and huffars, 824 killed, miffing 466, wounded 4059. wounded. Coffacks and Calmucks, 300 killed, 60x

4 A

66

"Lofs

"Lofs of the PRUSSIANS. LI-Gen. Count Dohna, and Maj.-Gen. Wellow, killed.

Field-Marfhal Lehwald, and Gen. Count Finckenftein, wounded.

Of officers killed and wounded, we know not yet the number; but it must be great, according to the report of the prifoners.

Prifoners, two majors, two captains, three lieutenants, one enfign.

Soldiers; 2000 and upwards killed; prifoners, 1000; deferters, 1000; wounded, 2000.

Artillery loft; 3 twenty-four pounders, 5 of twelve, 17 of three, and 3 haubitzers of ten lb.

In all 28.

"We have not yet been able to make out a lift of the other trophies, which are ftill daily brought in by divers detachments."

About the 5th of September, the Pruffians quitted their camp at Wehlau, and took an advantageous poft at Tapiau, fituated at the conflux of the Deino and the Pregel. The Ruffians immediately took poffeffion of the camp at Wehlau. As the distance between thofe two places is but fmall, another action was expected. But the following let ter, taken from the London gazette, fhews what an unexpected turn affairs have taken in that quarter. "Hague, Sept. 27. By an exprefs from Berlin, we have received an account, that on the 13th inftant the Ruffian army made a precipitate retreat out of Pruffia; which was executed in fo hafty a manner, that they left all their fick and wounded behind them, to the amount of 15 or 16,000 men, and 80 pieces of cannon, c. M. Apraxin masked his defign, by advancing all his irregulars towards the Pruffian army, fo that M. Lehwald was not informed of it till the third day; when he detached Prince George of Holftein with 10,coo horfe to purfue them; but with little hopes of coming up with them, as they made forced marches, in order to be the fooner in their own country. The caufe of this extraordinary event is not yet known. M. Lehwald was faid to be marching to Pomerania."

According to letters from STOCKHOLM, the prefent critical conjuncture of affairs in Europe keeps the fenate of that kingdom in continual deliberation. There are three factions among the prin

cipal fenators, who all differ in opinion from one another. One, which has at its head the Colonel Count de la Garde, with the Barons Cronhord, Vorige, and Welmenfis, maintains, that it would be expedient to endeavour to retake from the Ruffians the principality of Finland, with Carolia, and the other districts be longing to it. Another party, of which Count Caderftroem, with the Lords Ackerhielm, Lagerfbroeg, and Count Bond, are the chief, propose, that as the King of Pruffia has his hands full to defend himself against the Ruffians, Au. ftrians, and French, it would not be amifs to reannex the Farther Pomerania to the Hither. The third party, to which the Counts Ridenfchol and Far rea, with Baron Shaefer, have joined themfelves, infift, that the most advan tageous measure would be, to recover the duchies of Caffuben, Bremen, and Ver. den, with Stade; which would be much better than to leave them in the hands of the French. It is faid, that there is a ftrong party in Sweden favourable to the King of Pruffia, particularly among the Dalecarlians; to preserve whom in order, it has been found necessary to fend fome regiments of troops. Papers have been difperfed every where, and pafted up in different places at Stockholm, with thefe words in Swedish: "No limited King Adolphus Frederi cus, but another abfolute fovereign Charles King of the Swedes, Goths, and Vandals, who, with the heroic fouls of the Charlefes, may recover the provinces conquered by the Ruffians and Danes."

The Swedish troops actually in Po. merania are faid to be 19,650. They have taken poffeffion of Anclam, Demmin, Penemunder, Schans, Ukermunde, Pafawalk, and Treptou, garrifoned towns belonging to the King of Pruffia. His Pruffian Majefty has recalled his minifter from Stockholm, has ordered the Swedish minister to leave his court, and declared, with a firmnefs peculiar to himfelf, that he looks upon the conduct of the Swedes against him as a declaration of war, and fhall proceed accordingly. There are fome Pruffian troops

posted

pofted near Stettin, with a defign to oppofe their farther progrefs.

By our laft account of GERMAN af fairs, the Duke of Cumberland had his head quarters at Rothenburg on the 28th of Auguft, and the French were advanced to Verden. M. Richlieu addreffed a letter to the magiftrates of Bremen, in which we find the following paffage : "That far from having obferved an impartial conduct, they had on the contrary given proofs of a partiality in favour of the enemies of the common cause, and in opposition to the defenders of the laws of the Germanic body," The Marquis d'Armentieres published there an ordinance agreeable to the contents of this letter; in which he made known, that he had orders to feize on every thing he fhould find belonging to the King of G. Britain, and to prevent the effects of evil principles. In conformity to his orders, he took poffeffion, not only of the magazines established there for the army of obfervation, but alfo of all the houses fuppofed to belong to his Britannic Majefty. In thofe houfes they found a quantity of effects which had been removed from the electoral palace at Hanover, from the caftle of Herenhaufen, and other feats in that neighbourhood. The 31ft his R. Highness marched from Rothenburg, and arrived at Selfingen the ft of September. On the 4th of that month his army incamped under the cannon of Stade; where the French fet about hemming it in on different fides. Soon after he found himself obliged to fubmit to a capitulation, which we got in the London papers of the 24th, viz.

An authentic copy of the convention concluded, under the mediation of the King of Denmark, between the French army commanded by the Marshal Duke de Richlieu, and the army of the allies, commanded by his R. Highness the Duke of Cumberland. HIS Majefly the King of Denmark, touched with the diftreffes of the countries of Bremen and Verden, to which he has always granted his fpecial protection, and being defirous, by preventing those countries from being any

longer the theatre of war, to fpare alfo the effufion of blood in the armies, which are ready to dispute the poffeffion thereof, hath employed his mediation by the miniftry of the Count de Lynar. His R. H. the Duke of Cumberland, general of the army of the allies, on the one party, and his Excellency the Marshal Duke de Richlieu, general of the King's forces in Germany, on the other, in confideration of the intervention of his Danish Majefty, have respectively engaged their word of honour to the Count de Lynar, to abide by the convention hereafter ftipulated; and he, the Count de Lynar, correfpondently to the magnanimity of the King his master's intentions, obliges himself to obtain the guarantee mentioned in the prefent convention; fo that it fhall be sent to him, with his full powers, which there was no time to make out, in the circumftances which hurried his departure.

Art. 1. Hoftilities fhall ceafe on both fides within twenty-four hours, or fooner if poffible. Orders for this purpose fhall be immediately fent to the detach ed corps.

2. The auxiliary troops of the army of the Duke of Cumberland, namely, thofe of Heffe, Brunfwick, Saxe-Gotha, and even those of the Count de la Lippe Buckeburg, fhall be sent home: and as it is neceffary to fettle particularly their march to their several countries, a general officer of each refpective nation fhall be fent from the army of the allies, with whom fhall be fettled the route of thofe troops, the divifions they shall march in, their fubfiftence on their march, and the paffports to be granted them by his Excellency the Duke de Richlieu, to go home to their own countries, where they shall be placed and diftributed as fhall be agreed upon between the court of France and their respective fovereigns.

3. His R. H. the Duke of Cumber land obliges himself to pafs the Elbe with that part of his army which he fhall not be able to place in the city of Stade. That part of his forces which shall enter in garrifon in the faid city, and which it is fuppofed may amount to between A A 2

and

and 6000 men, fhall remain there under the guarantee of his Majefty the King of Denmark, without committing any act of hoftility; nor, on the other hand, fhall they be exposed to any from the French troops. In confequence thereof, commiffaries named on each fide fhall agree upon the limits to be fixed round that place, for the conveniency of the garrifon; which limits fhall not extend above half a league or a league from the place, according to the nature of the ground or circumftances, which shall be fairly fettled by the commiffaries. The reft of the Hanoverian army fhall go to take quarters in the country beyond the Elbe; and to facilitate the march of thofe troops, his Excellency the Marfhal Duke de Richlieu fhall concert with a general officer fent from the Hanoverian army, the routes they fhall take, obliging himself to give the neceffary paffports, and fecurity for the free paffage of them and their baggage to the places of their deftination; his R. H. the Duke of Cumberland referving to himfelf the liberty of negotiating between the two courts for an extenfion of thofe quarters. As to the French troops, they fhall remain in the rest of the duchies of Bremen and Verden till the definitive reconciliation of the two fovereigns.

4. As the aforefaid articles are to be executed as foon as poffible, the Hanoverian army, and the corps which are detached from it, particularly that which is at Buckfchantz and the neighbourhood, fhall retire under Stade in the fpace of forty-eight hours. The French army fhall not país the river Ofte, in the duchy of Bremen, till the limits be regulated. It fhall, befides, keep all the pofts and countries of which it is in poffeffion; and, not to retard the regulation of the limits to be fettled, between the armies, commiffaries fhall be nominated, and fent on the 10th inftant to Bremervohrden, by his R. H. the Duke of Cumberland, and his Excellency the Marthal Duke de Richlieu, to regulate, as well the limits to be affigned to the French army, as thofe that are to be obferved by the garrifon at Stade, according to Art. 3.

5. All the aforefaid articles fhall be faithfully executed according to their form and tenor, and under the faith of his Majefty the King of Denmark's guarantee, which the Count de Lynar his minifter engages to procure,. Done at the camp at Clofter Seven, Sept. 8. 1757. WILLIAM.

Separate Articles.

Upon the reprefentations made by the Count de Lynar, with a view to explain fome difpofitions made by the present convention, the following articles have been added.

1. It is the intention of his Excellency the Marshal Duke de Richlieu, that the allied troops of his R. H. the Duke of Cumberland shall be fent back to their refpective countries according to the form mentioned in the 2d article; and that as to their feparation and diftribu tion in the country, it shall be regulated between the courts, thofe troops not be ing confidered as prifoners of war.

2. It having been reprefented, that the country of Lauenburg cannot accommodate more than 15 battalions and 6 fquadrons, and that the city of Stade cannot abfolutely contain the 6000 men allotted to it, his Excellency the Marshal Duke de Richlieu, being prefied by M.de Lynar, who fupported this reprefentation by the guarantee of his Danish Majefty, gives his confent; and his R. H. the Duke of Cumberland engages, to caufe 15 battalions and 6 fquadrons to país the Elbe; and the whole body of hunters, and the remaining 10 battalions and 28 fquadrons fhall be placed in the town of Stade, and the places nearest to it that are within the line which fhall be marked by pots from the mouth of the Luhe, in the Elbe, to the mouth of the Elmerbeck in the river Ofte; provided always, that the faid 10 battalions and 28 fquadrons fhall be quartered there as they are at the time of figning this convention, and fhall not be recruited under any pretext, or augmented in any cafe; and this claufe is particularly guarantied by the Count de Lynar in the name of his Danish Majefty.

3. Upon the reprefentation of his R.

H.