and, by the time our rear-guard were entered, the engagement became geneval from hedges and bushes; on which we played our artillery, defending the right and left of our army, all the way through the camp, in which we found dead men and horfes. ilere our men were diverted by killing their bullocks, camels, and what horfes were left in our march; which we continued with great rapidity, driving the enemy before us, till they lodged themfelves in a tope near Meter's garden, behind the hedges. From hence they detached a large body of horfe, with two cannon, to the crofs road of the Bunglo; which we foon diflodged with our field pieces, after receiving a few hot; and from thence marched into the fort. In this action were killed 12 feamen, 2 captains of the company's troops, 17 private men, and ao Seapoys. The number wounded were about 15 feamen, and 50 foldiers and Seapoys. Lieut. Lutwidge of the Salif bury, the only officer mortally wounded.

The nabob's army was faid to confift of 15,000 foot and 10,000, horse. We have had various accounts of his lofs. A Bremin, who was foon after in the camp, days, 1300 men were killed and wounded, and that 21 of the former were of. ficers. Befides this lofs, upwards of 500 horfes were killed, feveral draught-bul Jocks, and three or four elephants. This attack, though not attended with all the wished-for fuccefs, yet it was fufficient to make the nabob very folicitous to haften the bufinefs of a peace; which was concluded on, and confits of the following articles.

thofe villages, not to be hurt or displaced without caufe. -Signed by the nabob in his own hand, I agree to the terms of the phirmaund.

II. All goods paffing and repaffing through the country by land or water, with English deftricks, fhall be exempt from any tax, fee, or impofition, from chokeys, gaulwalls, zemindars, or any others.- 1 agree to this.

III. All the company's factories feized by the nabob fhall be returned. All monies, goods, and effects, belonging to the company, their fervants and tenants, and which have been feized and taken by the nabob, fhall be restored. What has been plundered and pillaged by his people, made good by the payment of fuch a fum of money as his juftice shall think reasonable.- 1 agree to restore whatever has been seized and taken by my orders, and accounted for in my fincany.

IV. That we have permiffion to fortify Calcutta in fuch manner as we may think proper, without interruption. -1 confent to this.

V. That we shall have liberty to coin ficcas both of gold and filver, of equal weight and fineness to thofe of Muxadavad, which fhall pass in the provinces. -1 confent to the English company's coining their own imparts of bullion and gold into ficcas.

VI. That a treaty fhall be ratified by figning and fealing, and fwearing to abide by the articles therein contained, not only by the nabob, but his principal officers and minifters.- -I have fealed and figned the articles before the prefence of God.

bob of Bengal, Feb. 9. 1757:

1. Whatever rights and privileges the King has granted the English company in their phirmaund, and the hufbulhoorums fent from Dilly, fhall not be difputed or taken from them, and the imanunities therein mentioned be acknow. Jedged and stand good. Whatever vil Tages are given the company by the phirmaund, fhall likewife be granted, otwithstanding they have been denied by former jubahs. The zepindars of

behalf of the English nation, and of the company, do agree to live in a good understanding with the nabob; to put an end to thefe troubles, and be in friendship with him while these articles are performed and obferved by the nabob.- I have fealed and figned the foregoing articles upon these terms; That if the governor and council will fign and feal them with the company's feal, and will wear to the performance on their part, I then confert and agree to them."

Extract of a letter from Vice- Admiral Watfon, dated on board the Kent off Chandernagore, March 31. 1757.

Col. Clive being joined with 300 of the Bombay troops, who by this reinforcement had with him 700 Europeans and 1600 blacks, he immediately marched to Chandernagore; where he had not been long, before he took poffeffion of all the French outpofts there, except one redoubt, fituated between the river-fide and the fort-walls, wherein were mounted 8 pieces of cannon of 24 pounders, 4 of which pointed down the river. On the 15th inftant I failed with the Kent, Tyger, and Salisbury. The 20 gun fhip and floop I ordered up the river fome days before to cover the boats attend ing on the camp. On the 18th I anchored about two miles below Chandernagore, and obferved the French had done every thing in their power to obftruct our paffage, by finking two fhips, a ketch, a hulk, a fnow, and a veffel without any mafts, all directly in the channel, within gunfhot of the fort, and laying two booms, moored with chains, across the river. This caufed fome delay, till the booms were cut adrift; and I could difcover, by founding, a pro. per channel to pafs through, which the pilots found out without being at the trouble of weighing any of the veffels. Before this was fufficiently known to venture, Adm. Pocock came up to me in his boat, and hoifted his flag on board the Tyger. On the 24th, at fix in the morning, I weighed, and failed up in the following order; the Tyger, Kent, and Salisbury. At ten minutes after fix the enemy began to fire from the redoubt, which was abandoned as foon as the leading fhip got abreast of it. At three quarters after fix the fhips were placed; when I caufed the fignal to be made for engaging, which continued very brifk on both fides till a quarter paft nine. The enemy then waved over their walls a flag of truce, and defired to capitulate; and the articles being agreed upon and figned, I fent Capt. Latham, of the Tyger, afhore to receive the keys, and take poffeffion of VOL. XIX.

the fort. Col. Clive marched in with ternoon. They had in the fort 1200 the King's troops about five in the afmen, of which 500 Europeans and 700 blacks, 183 pieces of cannon from 24 pounders downwards, 3 fmall mortars, and a confiderable quantity of ammunition. Besides the ships and veffels funk below, to ftop up the channel, they funk and run afhore five large fhips above the fort; and we have taken four floops and a fnow. The enemy had killed in the fort 40 men and 70 wounded. The Kent had 19 men killed and and 49 wounded; the Tyger 13 killed and 50 wounded. Among the number killed was my firft lieutenant, Mr Samuel Perreau, and the mafter of the Tyger. Among the wounded was Mr Pocock flightly hurt, Capt. Speke and his fon by the fame cannon-ball; the latter had his leg fhot off. Mr Rawlins Hey, my third lieutenant, had his thigh much fhattered, and is in great danger. Mr Stanton, my fourth lieutenant, flightly wounded by fplinters. But the greatest part of the wounded have fuffered much, being hurt chiefly by cannon-fhot: feveral of them cannot poffibly recover. I must do this juftice to all the officers and men in general, to fay, agreeable to their ufual bravery, they behaved with great spirit and refolution on this occafion; as did alfo the land-forces, who kept a good and conftant fire the whole time from two batteries, of 4 and 2 guns, they had raifed very near the fort. Kent off Calcutta in the river Hughley, April 14.

Since the date of my laft letter several of the wounded are dead, among whom is Mr Rawlins Hey, my late third lieutenant. and Capt. Speke's fon. There are many more in great danger. ARTICLES of capitulation for Fort D'Orlean of Chandernagore, propofed by Peter Renault, Elg, Director-General, and the gentlemen of the council for the French Eaft-India company's affairs, to Charles Watfon, Efq; Vice-Admiral of the Blue fquadron of his Britannic Majefty's feet; and commander in chief of all his 4 K Majefty

Majefty's fhips and veffels employed in the Eaft Indies; and of the marine force of the united company of merchants trading to, and in thefe parts: With the ANSWERS made by the faid Vice-Adm. Watson.

Article I. The lives of all the deferte ers fhall be faved.

Anfwer. The deferters to be abfolutely given up.

II. All the officers of this garrifon fhall be prifoners on their parole of honour; that they fhall have liberty to carry with them all their effects, and go where they please, on promifing they will not ferve against his Britannic Majesty during the prefent war.

Anf The Admiral agrees to. III. The foldiers of the garrifon fhall be prisoners of war, fo long as the prefent war continues; and when peace is made between the King of France and the King of England, they fhall be fent to Pondicherry, and till then be entertained at the expence of the English

company.

Anf The Admiral likewife agrees, with this difference only, that instead of fending the foldiers to Pondicherry, they fhall be fent to Madrafs or to England, as the Admiral fhall hereafter think proper; and that fuch foreigners who are not of the French nation, and chuse voluntarily to enter into the English fervice, fhall have liberty.

IV. The Seapoys of the garrifon fhall not be prifoners of war, they fhall have leave, on the contrary, to return on the coaft in their country.

Anf The Admiral agrees to.

V. The officers and men of the company's European fhip St Conteft, fhall be fent to Pondicherry in the first Englifh fhip which goes to the coaft.

Anf. The officers and men of the Eu. ropean ship shall be upon the fame footing as the foldiers, and to be fent to Madrafs or to England as foon as poffible,

VI. The French Jefuit fathers fhall have liberty to exercife the functions of their religion in the houfe which has been affigned them fince the demolish. ing of their church; the filver orna

ments, and every thing that belongs to the church, fhall be given them, and alfo their effects,

Anf. The Admiral cannot agree to a. ny Europeans refiding here, but that the French Jefuits may go to Pondicher. ry, with all the ornaments of their church, or where-ever they please,

VII. All the inhabitants, of what na. tion or quality foever, as Europeans, Mustees, Chriftians, Blacks, Gentils, Moors, and others, fhall be put in pof. feffion of their houfes, and all in general as fhall be found belonging to them, either in the fort, or on their eftates.

Anf. In regard to this article, to be left to the Admiral, who will do justice.

VIII. The factories of Caffem buzar, Dacca, Patna, Jeuda, and of Ballafore, fhall remain at the command of the chiefs who direct them,

Anf. To be fettled between the Nabob and the Admiral.

IX. The director, counsellors, and thofe employed under them, fhall have leave to go where they please, with their cloaths and linen.

Anf. The Admiral agrees to.

"The Admiral expects an answer by "three o'clock this afternoon, and "that the British forces may take pof "feffion of the fort by four,"

The above-mentioned propofitions have been accepted of by the council; in confequence of which we have delivered up the fortrefs of Chandernagore to Adm. Watson. Chandernagore, March 23.1757,

This affair has occafioned the following reflections, dated, Paris, O. 21.

It is not without furprife, that our Eaft India company have learned by the London news-papers, that the English attacked, in the month of March laft, with a fleet and a land-army, the company's fettlements at Chandernagore, and made themselves mafters of it by capitulation. This fettlement, like all thofe of the European nations, was without defence; and the company had the lefs reafon to fear this act of hoftility from the English, because the neutrality

that

that had always been obferved on the Ganges among all the European nations, was founded upon the conftant oppofition of the nabobs to the erection of any fort of fortification on the fettlements of these nations.

This neutrality hath been always obferved with the greatest exactnefs. When the Dutch poffeffed themfelves of Pondicherry in the war of 1700, they did not carry their arms against the French on the Ganges. In the last war, after the French defeated the English fleet, and took Madrafs, it never came into their heads to attack Calcutta, though their fuperior force put it in their power. The English themselves, a fhort time before, were content to keep the entrance of the Ganges blocked up by their fhips of war. About the end of 1756, and before, and even fince the news of the declaration of war between France and England was received in the Indies, when the nabob of Bengal wanted to begin hoftilities against the English; the French, though that prince promifed to put them in poffeffion of Calcutta, if they would affift him in taking it, and threatened, in cafe of refufal, to treat them as English; they not only conftantly refufed to join the nabob, but gave fhelter and all manner of affiftance to the English, their wives and children, who came, after the taking of Calcutta, to feek refuge at Chandernagore, and the other houses of the French company. Befides, the French had the greatest reafon to rely upon this neutrality, which hath been observed at all times, becaufe the company have in their hands original letters of the council at Madras, ordering the English - fupercargoes in China to engage the mandarins to caufe the ftri&teft neutrality to be obferved by the European nations in the river of Canton.

Upon the whole, if the English have thought themselves intitled to violate on the Ganges thofe laws of neutrality which they acknowledge, and claim the benefit of, on the river of Canton, they have by this infraction fet an example, which will lay all the nations of Europe under a neceffity of railing fortifi

cations and maintaining forces there, if they would not fee themfelves exposed for the future to be mutually driven from the Ganges, on the firft opportunity that a revolution, occafioned by a fuperiority of forces, fhall furnish; which muft be prejudicial to the true interefts of all the European companies who trade to the Indies."

About the beginning of Auguft an account was received by the court of Lif bon, by the way of England, that the King of Sunda, being informed, that Count d'Alva, viceroy of Goa, intended to feize upon Ponda, a town fituated at Rama, refolved to give it to one of his favourites, and that the favourite prevailed on the King of the Morattes to give him troops to defend it; that, in June 1756, the viceroy marched with 260 men, and fome cannon, and mortars, in order to befiege Ponda; that though his powder had been fpoiled by rain in his march, and he had no fcaling-ladders, nor other things neceffary for attacking the town, yet he attempted it; that he clambered up the wall, with a hatchet in his hand, followed by all his men; but that his courage did not daunt the garrifon, and his rafhness foon met with its reward; he fell down to the foot of the wall, and expired under a multiplicity of mortal blows; that most of his troops met with the fame fate; and the reft, abandoning all their artillery, fled in the greatest disorder to Goa: That the inhabitants of Goa greatly dreaded the refentment of an enemy that had been thus infulted in a time of profound peace; but three ships fent from Lisbon, arriving at Goa, the offended Indian made the first step towards an accommodation, by fending an embaffy to the Portuguese, to propofe an oblivion of what was paft, and a continuance of the peace; and that the offers were immediately accepted with pleasure.