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have marked the measures of his Excellency the Commander in Chief, and of the same gallantry which has characterised the troops since the hour of their disembarkation on this coast. The Commander in Chief will sail in a few days for India, and I flatter myself that I shall be able to embark on board his Majesty's ship. Modeste, for Bengal, about the middle of October."

The Emperor of Java'is spoke of in the capitulation as a vassal of the French Government. Sir S. Auchmuty detached Captain Robinson with a small escort to his Court, to announce the change that had taken place; and also to call upon the residents, Van Braam and Englehard, to continue, agreeably to the capitulation, the exercise of their functions in behalf of the British Government, and to secure carefully the public property.

SWEDEN.

.. On the 7th January the King of Sweden resumed the reins of government; on which occasion the Prince Royal addressed a long speech to his Majesty, which, after congratulating him on his recovery, proceeds thus :

"When your Majesty decided upon embracing the continental policy, and declaring war against Great Britain, Sweden had got clear of an unfortunate contest; her wounds were still bleeding; it was necessary for her to make some sacrifices, at a moment even when she lost one of the principal branches of her public revenues the whole of that produced by the customs being nearly annihilated. In defiance of the insular situation of Sweden, she has performed, for the interest of the common cause, all that could be expected from a people faithful to their engagements; more than 2,000,000rix-dollars have been expended in recruiting the army, and placing in a state of defence our coasts, our fortresses, and our fleet. I will not dissemble from your Majesty, that all our commerce has been reduced to a simple coasting trade, and has greatly suffered from this state of war. Privateers, under friendly flags, against which it would have been injurious to have added measures of safety and precaution, have taken advantage of our confidence in treaties, to capture, one after another, about 50 of our merchantmen; but at last, Sire, your flotilla received orders to protect the Swedish flag, and the just commerce of your subjects, against piracies which could neither be authorised, nor avowed by any Government.

"The Danish cruisers have given much cause for complaint on our part; but the evil decreases daily, and every thing leads us to think the lawful commerce of Sweden will not be any longer disturbed by them, and that the relations of good neighbourship will be more and more strengthened.

"The cruisers, under the French flag, have given an unlimited extension to their letters of marque; the injuries which they have done us have been the object of our complaints. The justice and loyalty of his Majesty the Emperor of the French have guaranteed that redress.

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"The protections given by friendly Governments have been respected, and such of their ships as have touched upon our coasts have been at liberty to continue their voyage whatever might be their destination.

"About 50 American ships driven upon our coasts by successive tempests have been released; this act of justice, founded. upon the rights of nations, has been appreciated by the United States, and appearancés promise us that better understood relations with that Government will facilitate the exportation of the numerous piles of iron with which our public places are now filled."

[The speech then goes on to state that Sweden was on the most amicable footing with Prussia, Russia, Austria, and Tur key. That Swedish intercourse had entirely ceased with South America, owing to the civil war that rages there. That he (Bernadotte) had adopted measures to encourage the manufactures of linen, the growth of hemp, &c. That the army and the finances had been the object of his solicitude. That by measures of precaution the course of exchange on Hamburgh, which in March last was at 130 sk. had been reduced to 84. That great attention had been paid to the state of the public hospitals, religious edifices, police, agriculture, the works of the Canal of GothThat in consequence of the harvest having proved defective, he had provided for the importation of corn, sending salt in exchange.] After touching on other minor points, the Speech then proceeds :

land, &c. &c.

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dered a levy of 15,000 men, exclusive of the 50,000 which the States had placed at your Majesty's disposal. The most dire ful errors manifested themselves in Schonen, where violence and a public rebellion threatened for a moment to oppose the execution of the measures ordained. Already did our enemies, or such as are enemies of our repose, begin to rejoice at our intestine divisions, but these are now suppressed by the united force of the army and the laws, and were succeeded by the return of national sentiment, and obedience to their duty."

After noticing that the vacancies in the new enrolinent and national armament had been filled up, the regular army recruited and clothed, together with the reserve, which is supplied with well-conditioned arms, manufactories of which, and of artillery, as well as of gunpowder and saltpetre, have been established, the Speech continues:

"Your Majesty will deign to perceive, by this statement, that, notwithstanding all that the detractors of Sweden. have insinuated on this head, as that it would take 60 years to organize an army of 60,000 men, yet this will be apparent in the month of April next, both to the friends and enemies of your Majesty. The intent of this augmentation of our military force is merely defensive without any other ambition than that of preserving the liberty and laws, Sweden will have means of defending herself; and she can do it. Bounded by the sea on one side, and on the other by inaceessible mountains, it is not solely on the courage of her inhabitants, nor in the remembrance of her former glory, that she has to seek for the security of her independence; it is rather to be found in her local situation, in her mountains, in her forests, in her lakes, and in her frosts. Let her therefore profit by these united advantages; and let her inhabitants be thoroughly persuaded of this truth, that if iron, the produce of her mountains, cultivates their farms, by ploughing up their fields, that it is likewise iron alone, and the firm determination of making use of it, that can defend them."

The Speech concludes with noticing, in, terms of approbation, the conduct of the different Swedish Authorities and Ministers, during the indisposition. of the King.

By a recent mail from Anholt we have accounts of the occupation of Swedish Pomerania by the French. This event took

February 1812.

place on the 26th January, when 6000 French troops entered Stralsund, having previously desired quarters to be provided

for them. The object of this movement is not explained; nor does it appear whether it originates in hostility to Sweden or Russia. The politics of the north of Europe seem at present to be wholly involved in mystery. It was generally imagined that, when Bernadotte assumed the government of Sweden, the resources of that country would be wielded for the common objects of the continental confederacy. This does not appear to be the case. Bernadotte, as far as we are able to judge, from appearances, is guided by no principle foreign to the interests of the country which he verns, and it is possible on this account he may have incurred the resentment of Bo naparte. It is also stated, that Russia has been long uneasy under the fetters of the continental system, and has manifested an inclination to resume her former friendly intercourse with this country. In that case, these military movements of the French may be intended to overawe that power into her former state of subserviency to foreign councils.

go.

In support of this opinion, it is stated in letters from Paris, that the Emperor intended setting out on a journey to the Prussian States about the end of the present month; and that he would then demand of the Court of St Petersburgh, a full and complete adoption of the conti nental system in the Russian harbours of the Baltic, and the admission of a French force into those ports, as the security for an unreserved compliance with the stipulations and restrictions of that system. To support her bold pretensions, according to these advices, France has nearly 100,000 men in Dantzick, the Prussian fortresses, and the adjacent country, with an equal number at Warsaw; 125,000 men on the shores of the Danube, to obstruct the return of the Czarine forces engaged in the Turkish war, in the event of peace with the Sultan, and hostilities with Napóleon.

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carried on the night of the 8th, with the loss of only six men killed, and 17 wounded; and on the night of the 19th the fortress was taken by storm. The dispatch of Lord Wellington containing the details of this brilliant achievement, was published in an extraordinary gazette, on the 5th instant, of which the following is a copy.

Gallegos, 20th Jan. 1812.

MY LORD-I informed your Lordship in my dispatch of the 9th, that I had attacked Ciudad Rodrigo, and in that of the 15th, of the progress of the operations to that period; and I have now the pleasure to acquaint your Lordship, that we took the place by storm yeterday evening after

dark.

We continued from the 15th to the 19th to complete the second parallel, and the communications with that work; and we had made some progress by sap towards the crest of the glacis. On the night of the 15th we likewise advanced from the left of the first parallel down the slope of the hill, towards the convent of St Francisco, to a situation from which the walls of the Fausse Braye and of the town were seen, on which a battery of se ven guns was constructed, and they commenced their fire on the morning of the 18th.

In the mean time, the batteries in the first parallel continued their fire; and yesterday evening their fire had not only considerably injured the defences of the place, but had made breaches in the Fausse Braye wall, and in the body of the place, which were considered practicable; while the battery on the slope of the hill, which had been commenced on the night of the 15th, and had opened on the 18th, had been equally efficient still further to the left, and opposite the suburb of St-Francisco.

I therefore determined to storm the place, notwithstanding that the approaches had not been brought to the crest of the glacis, and the counterscarp of the ditch waş still entire. The attack was accor dingly made yesterday evening in five-separate columns, consisting of the troops of the 3d and light divisions, and of BrigadierGeneral Pack's brigade. The two right columns conducted by Lieutenant-Colonel O'Toole, of the 2d cacadores, and Major Ridge, of the 5th regiment, were destined to protect the advance of Major-General McKinnon's brigade, forming the third, to the top of the breach in the Fausse Braye wall, and all these, being composed of

troops of the third division, were under the direction of Lieutenant-General Pícton.

The fourth column, consisting of the 43d and 52d regiments, and part of the 95th regiment, being of the light division under the direction of Major General Craufurd, attacked the breaches on the left, in front of the suburb of St Francisco, and covered the left of the attack of the

principal breach by the troops of the 3d division; and Brigadier-General Pack was destined with his brigade, forming the 5th column, to make a false attack upon the southern face of the fort. Besides these five columns, the 94th regiment, belonging to the 3d division, descended into the ditch in two columns on the right of Major-Gen. M⚫Kinnon's brigade, with a view to protect the descent of that body into the ditch, and its attack of the breach the Fausse Braye, against the obstacles which it was supposed the enemy would construct to oppose their progress.'

All these attacks succeeded; and Brigadier-General Pack even surpassed my expectations, having converted his false attack into a real one, and his advanced guard, under the command of Major Lynch, having followed the enemy's troops from the advanced works into the Fausse Braye, where they made prisoners of all opposed to them.

Major Ridge, of the 2d battalion of the 5th regiment, having escaladed the Fausse Braye wall, stormed the principal breach in the body of the place, together with the 94th regiment, commanded by LieutenantColonel Campbell, which had moved along the ditch at the same time, and had stormed the breach in the Fausse Braye, both in front of Major-General M‘Kinnon's brîgade. Thus these regiments not only effectually covered the advance from the trenches of Major-General M‘Kinnon's brigade, by their first movements and operations, but they preceded them in the attack.

Major-General Craufurd and Major-General Vandeleur, and the troops of the light division on the left, were likewise very forward on that side; and in less than half an hour from the time the attack commenced, our troops were in possession of, and formed on the ramparts of the place, each body contiguous to the other. The enemy then submitted, having sus tained a considerable loss in the contest.

Our loss was also, I am concerned to add, severé, particularly in officers of high

rank

rank and estimation in this army. Major-General M'Kinnon was unfortunately blown up by the accidental explosion of one of the enemy's expence magazines, close to the breach, after he had gallantly and successfully led the troops under his command to the attack. Major-General Craufurd likewise received a severe wound while he was leading on the light division to the storm, and I am apprehensive that I shall be deprived for some time of his assistance. Major-General Vandeleur was likewise wounded in the same manner, but not so severely, and he was able to continue in the field. I have to add to this list, Lieutenant-Colonel Colborne of the 52d regiment, and Major George Napier, who led the storming party of the light division, and was wounded on the top of the breach.

I have great pleasure in reporting to your Lordship, the uniform good conduct, spirit of enterprise, and patience and perseverance in the performance of great labour, by which the general officers, officers, and troops of the 1st, 3d, 4th, and light divisions, and Brigadier-General Pack's brigade, by whom the siege was carried on, have been distinguished during the late operations. Lieutenant-General Graham assisted me in superintending the conduct of the details of the siege, besides performing the duties of the general officer commanding the first division; and I am much indebted to the suggestions and as sistance I received from him for the success of this enterprise.

The conduct of all parts of the 3d divisiop, in the operations which they performed with so much gallantry and exactness on the evening of the 19th, in the dark, afford the strongest proof of the abilities of Lieutenant-General Picton and MajorGeneral M'Kinnon, by whom they were directed and led; but I beg particularly to draw your Lordship's attention to the conduct of Lieutenant-Colonel O'Toole of the 2d cacadores, of Major Ridge of the 2d battalion 5th foot, of Lieutenant-Colonel Campbell of the 94th regiment, of Major Manners of the 74th, and of Major Grey of the 2d battalion 5th foot, who has been twice wounded during this siege.

It is but justice also to the 3d division. to report that the men who performed the sap belonged to the 45th, 74th, and 88th regiments, under the command of Captain McLeod, of the royal engineers, and Captain Thomson of the 74th; Lientenant Beresford of the 88th and Lieutenant Met

calf of the 45th; and they distinguished themselves not less in the storm of the place, than they had in the performance of their laborious duty during the siege,

I have already reported in my letter of the 9th instant, my sense of the conduct of Major-General, Craufurd, and of Lieutenant-Colonel Colborne, and of the troops of the light division in the storm of the redoubt of St Francisco, on the evening of the 8th instant. The conduct of these troops was equally distin guished throughout the siege and in the storm; nothing could exceed the gallantry with which these brave officers and troops advanced, and accomplished the difficult operation allotted to them, notwithstanding that all their leaders had fallen.

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I particularly request your Lordship's attention to the conduct of Major-General Craufurd, Major-General Vandeleur, Lieutenant-Colonel Barnard of the 95th, Lieutenant Colonel Colborne, Major Gibbs, and Major Napier of the 52d, and LieutenantColonel M⚫Leod of the 43d. The conduct of Captain Duffey of the 43d, and that of Lieutenant Gurwood of the 52d regiment, who was wounded, have likewise been par lonel Elder and the 3d cacadores were ticularly reported to me; Lieutenant-Colikewise distinguished upon this occasion.

The 1st Portuguese regiment, under Lieut. Colonel Hill, and the 16th, under. Colonel Campbell, being Brigadier-General Pack's brigade, were likewise distinguished in the storm, under the command of the Brigadier General, who particularly mentions Major Lynch.

In my dispatch of the 15th, I reported to your Lordship the attack of the Convent of Santa Cruz, by the troops of the 1st division, under the direction of Lieutenant-General Graham; and that of the Convent of Saint Francisco, on the 14th inst. under the direction of Major-General the Hon. C. Colville. The first mentioned enterprize was performed by Captain Laroche de Stackenfels, of the 1st line battalion King's German Legion; the last by Lieutenant-Colonel Harcourt, with the 40th regiment. This regiment remained from that time in the suburb of Saint Francisco, and materially assisted our attack on that side of the place.

Although it did not fall to the lot of the troops of the 1st and 4th divisions to bring these operations to their successful close, they distinguished themselves throughout their progress, by the patience and perseverance with which they performed the labours of the siege. The

brigade

brigade of guards under Major-General H. Campbell, was particularly distinguished in this respect.

I likewise request your Lordship's attention to the conduct of Lieutenant-Colonel Fletcher, the chief engineer, and of Brigade-Major Jones, and the officers and men of the royal engineers. The ability with which these operations were carried on exceeds all praise; and I beg leave to recommend those officers to your Lordship most particularly.

Major Dickson, of the royal artillery attached to the Portuguese artillery, has for some time had the direction of the heavy train attached to this army, and has conducted the intricate details of the late operation, as he did those of the late sieges of Badajoz, much to my satisfaction. The rapid execution produced by the well directed fire kept up from our batteries, affords the best proof of the merits of the officers and men of the royal artillery, and of the Portuguese artillery employed on-the occasion. But I must particularly mention Brigade Major May, and Captains Holcombe, Power, Dyneley, and Dundas, of the royal artillery, and Captains Da Cunha and Da Corta, and Lieutenant Silva, of the 1st regiment of Portuguese artillery.

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I have likewise particularly to report to your Lordship, the conduct of Major Sturgeon, of the royal staff corps. He constructed and placed for us the bridge over the Agueda, without which the enterprise could not have been attempted, and he afterwards materially assisted Lieut.-General Graham and myself, in our reconnoissance of the place, on which the plan of the attack was founded; and he finally conducted the 2d battalion 5th regiment, as well as the 2d cacadores, to their points of attack.

The Adjutant-General, and the Deputy Quarter-Master-General, and the officers of their several departments, gave me every assistance throughout this service, as well as those of my personal staff; and I have great pleasure in adding, that, notwithstanding the season of the year, and the increased difficulties of procuring supplies for the troops, the whole army have been well supplied, and every branch of the service provided for during the late operations, by the indefatigable exertions of Mr Commissary-General Bisset, and the officers belonging to his department.

The Marshal del Campo, Don Carlos d'Espana, and Don Julian Sanchez, observed the enemy's movements beyond the Tormes, during the operations of the siege;

and I am much obliged to them, and to the people of Castile in general, for the assistanceI received from them. The latter have invariably shewn their detestation of the French tyranny, and their desire to contribute, by every means in their power, to remove it.

I will hereafter transmit to your Lordship a detailed account of what we have found in the place; but I believe there are 153 pieces of ordnance, including the heavy train belonging to the French army, and great quantities of ammunition and stores. We have the Governor, General Banier, about 78 officers, and 1700 men, pri

soners.

I transmit this dispatch by my Aid-deCamp, the Honourable Major Gordon, who will give your Lordship any further details you may require; and I beg leave to recommend him to your protection. I have the honour to be, &c. WELLINGTON.

RETURN OF KILLED AND WOUNDED.

KILLED.

Major-General M⚫Kinnon.

2d Bått. 5th Foot-Captain M'Dougall. Ist Batt. 45th Foot-Capt. Hardyman; Lieuts. Perse and Bell.

1st Batt. 52d Foot-Capt. J. Dobbs. 94th Foot-Captains Williamson and Anderson.

WOUNDED,

Major-General Craufurd, severely, since

dead.

Major-General Vandeleur, slightly. Brigade-Major Potter, 28th foot, ditto. Royal Engineers-Lieuts. Thomson and Reid, severely.

43d Foot-Capt. Fergusson, slightly.

52d Foot-Lieut.-Col. Colborne, severely; Major George Napier, lost an arm; Lieut. Gurwood, slightly.

77th Foot-Captain M'Lean, severely, (lost a leg).

88th Foot-Lieut. Beresford, slightly. 95th Foot-Capt. Uniacke, severely.^ 1st Portuguese Artillery-Capt. Queerle.

FALL OF VALENCIA.

The fortress of Valencia, in which Gen. Blake had shut himself up, after sustaining a defeat on the 26th December, surrendered to the French under Marshal Suchet, by capitulation, on the 9th January, by which Blake, together with the garrison and other troops under his command, to the

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