no limits but its means; that in the eye of the Sovereigns, legitimacy never dies; that if its claims be renounced by one possessor they are ready at hand to gather them to the general fund. The states must be aware that at the Congress of 1818, it was matter of consultation among the members of the union, how they should be dealt with that if the Sovereign of Russia professed his wish to see "pure and vigorous institutions" established in South America, he would concede that character to such only as should emanate from the throne" of Spain; and that he valued the institutions themselves but as means for restoring and consolidating the royal authority.' They must know that a deficiency of power alone prevented at that time an enterprise for their subjugation. ❤

IT WILL BE FOR THOSE to whom His Majesty has committed the concerns of his Empire, to give effect to these our dispositions. It is for us to arouse their courage and to strengthen their purpose. They need have no fear of wanting the means. The spirit of a free people is at their command; the resources of a just cause will rise unbidden to their hands; and the path is again within their reach by which they may retrieve what they have lost for their country, and what they have forfeited for themselves. We tell them, they may yet place their Sovereign in the station his predecessors long filled in Europe. But if His Majesty be reduced from that high rank, and become a continental Sovereign of the third order, following in the train of the Three Allies, he should know that it will be the fault of no part of his subjects, except of those whom he has entrusted with his councils. If the weapons of freedom are too weighty for his Ministers to wield-we must submit to their imbecility, but we will not share in their disgrace. We protest against their yielding to the ascendancy of the Holy Alliance. Whatever be the event of this unprovoked aggression on Italy, to whatever extremity the Sovereigns may be driven by possible reverses, we trust in our Parliament to grant them no aid; we protest against any encouraging assurance, any prospective promise which may be made to them by others in our name. We declare that our hearts are against them that all our sympathies are with their enemies; and we will succour and assist those enemies to the very utmost that the laws allow.

'Note of the Russian Court to the Chev. Zea de Bermudez.

APPENDIX.

HEADS OF APPENDIX.

Pag.

16

Substance of the Imperial Propositions adopted by the Diet of Frankfort, 1819. Note of the Imperial Russian Ministry, to the resident Spanish Minister 20 Memorial addressed to all the Ministers of Russia, on the subject of the Affairs of Spain Naples and Austria (Official Paper). The Duke of Campo Chiaro,

. 21

24

28

Article from the Berlin Gazette, Dec. 19, 1820 Circular Note of the Courts of Austria, Russia, and Prussia, to the Ministers and Charges d'Affaires at the German and Northern Courts 29 Circular Dispatch to His Majesty's Missions at Foreign Courts, laid before the House of Lords in pursuance of an Address to His Majesty, Feb. 1821

The Austrian Declaration

Correspondence between Sir W. A'Court and the Neapolitan Minister Pignatelli

Protocol of Conferences, and Declaration of the Allied Sovereigns at Aix-la-Chapelle, Nov. 1818

31

SUBSTANCE OF THE IMPERIAL PROPOSITIONS ADOPTED BY THE DIET OF FRANKFORT, 1819.

Decree of Regulation for provisional execution, relative to Article XX. of the Act of Confederation.

Art. 1. UNTIL a regulation of execution definitive and complete in all its parts be prepared, the Diet of the Germanic Confederation is authorised and invited by the present provisional regulation to assure, in the following manner, the accomplishment and execution of all the resolutions which it may consider itself sufficiently engaged and authorised to adopt, for the preservation of internal security, public order, and for the maintenance of the rights of the state of possession, until legal or judicial process take place.

2. For this purpose the Diet will, every six months, elect for that period a Commission of five members chosen from its body, which Commission shall continue in activity during the vacations.

3. To this Commission shall be addressed all representations, reports, propositions, and questions, relative to the execution of the resolutions of the Diet.

[The remaining Articles of this Decree point out the means by which the Commission is to communicate with the members of the Confederation, and regulate its powers and duties.]

Provisional Decree relative to the Measures to be taken concerning the Universities.

Sect. J. THE Sovereign shall make choice for each University of an extraordinary Commissioner, furnished with suitable instructions and powers, residing in the place where the University is established; he may be either the actual Curator, or any other person whom the Government may think fit to appoint.

The duty of this Commissioner shall be to watch over the most rigorous observation of the laws and disciplinary regulations; to observe carefully the spirit with which the Professors and Tutors are guided in their public and private lectures; to endeavour, without interfering in the scientific courses, or in the method of instruction, to give the instruction a salutary direction suited to the future destiny of the students, and to devote a constant attention to every thing which may tend to the maintenance of morality, good order, and decency, among the youths.

Sect. 2. The Governments of the States, members of the Confederation, reciprocally engage to remove from their Universities and other establishments of instruction, the Professors and other public teachers, against whom it may be proved that, in departing from their duty, in over-stepping the bounds of their duty, in abusing their legitimate influence over the minds of the youths by the propagation of pernicious dogmas hostile to order and public tranquillity, or in sapping the foundation of existing establishments, they have shown themselves incapable of executing the important functions entrusted to them; without any obstacle whatever heing allowed to impede the measures taken against them, so long as the present Decree shall remain in force, and until definitive arrangements on this point be adopted. A Professor or Tutor thus excluded, cannot be admitted in any other State of the Confederation, or any other establishments of public instruction.

Sect. 3. The laws long since made against secret and unauthorised associations at the Universities shall be maintained in all their force and rigor; and shall be particularly extended with so much the more severity against the well-known Society formed some years ago under the name of The General Burgenschaft; as it has for its basis an idea absolutely inadmissible-of community and continued correspondence between the different Universities.

The Government shall mutually engage to admit to no public employment any individuals who may continue in, or enter into, any of those associations after the publication of the present Decree.

Sect. 4. No Student, who, by a Decree of the Academic Senate, confirmed by the Government Commissioner, or adopted on his application, shall be dismissed from a University, or who, in order to escape from such a sentence, shall withdraw himself, shall be received in any other University; and, in general, no student shall be received at another University without a sufficient attestation of his od conduct at the University he has left.

g

Decree relative to the Measures for preventing the Abuses of the Press. Sect. 1. As long as the present Decree shall be in force, no writing, VOL. XVIII. NO. XXXV.

Pam.

B

appearing in the form of a daily paper, or periodical pamphlet, which does not contain more than 20 printed leaves, (feuilles d'impression) shall be issued from the press without the previous consent of the public authority. The works not comprehended under this regulation shall continue to be regulated by the laws now existing, or which may be hereafter enacted: and if any work of the above-mentioned description shall give rise to a complaint on the part of any State of the Confederation, the Government to which the complaint shall be addressed shall cause proceedings to be instituted in its name against the authors or editors of the said work.

Sect. 2. Each Government is at liberty to adopt, for the maintenance and execution of the present Decree, those measures which may appear the most suitable; it being well understood that these measures must be recognised proper to fulfil the object of the principal regulation of Art. 1.

Sect. 3. The present Decree being called for by the necessity, generally acknowledged, of adopting some preventive measures against the abuse of the Press in Germany, as long as this Decree shall remain in force, the laws attributing to the tribunals the prosecution and punishment of the abuses and offences committed by the press, inasmuch as they apply to the writings specified in Art. 1., cannot be considered as sufficient in any State of the Confederation.

Sect. 4. Each Government of the Confederation is accountable for the writings published under its jurisdiction, and, consequently, for all those comprehended in the principal regulation of Art. 1.; and when these writings wound the dignity or safety of another State of the Confederation, or make attacks upon its constitution or its administration, the Government which tolerates them is responsible, not only to the State which suffers directly therefrom, but to the whole Confederation.

Sect. 5. In order that this responsibility, founded in the nature of the Germanic Union, and inseparable from its preservation, may not give rise to disagreements which might compromise the amicable relations subsisting between the Confederated States, all the members of the Confederation must enter into a solemn engagement to devote their most serious attention to the superintendence which the present Decree prescribes, and to exercise it in such a manner as to prevent, as much as possible, all reciprocal complaints and discussions.

Sect. 6. În order, however, to assure better the guarantee of the moral and political inviolability of the States of the Confederation, which is the object of the present Decree, it is to be understood that, in case a Governinent believe itself injured by writings published under another Governinent, and cannot obtain complete satisfaction by amicable and diplomatic representations, that Government will be at liberty to prefer its complaint to the Diet, which, in such a case, will hold itself bound to appoint a Commission to examine the writing which shall have been thus denounced; and, if the report of the Commission state it to be necessary, to command the suppression of the said writing, and also to prohibit its continuance if it be of the number of periodical publications.

The Diet will proceed also, without a previous denunciation, and of its own authority, against every publication comprised in the principal regulation of Art. 1., in whatever State of Germany it may be published, and, in the opinion of a Commission appointed to consider thereof, may have compromised the dignity of the Germanic body, the safety of any of its members, or the internal peace of Germany, without any remedy being afforded against the judgment given in such a case, which shall be carried into execution by the Government that is responsible for the condemned publication.

Sect. 7. The editor of a Journal, or other periodical publication, that may be suppressed by command of the Diet, shall not be allowed, during the space of five years, to conduct any similar publication in any States of the Confederation.

The Authors, Editors, and Publishers of newspapers, or periodical writings, and others mentioned in the first paragraph of Art. 1., shall be in other respects, upon submitting to the regulation of that article, free from all responsibility; aud the judgments of the Diet, mentioned in the preceding article, will be directed only against the publications, without affecting individuals.

Sect. 8. The Confederated States engage, within six months, to acquaint the Diet with the measures which each shall have adopted to carry into execution the first Article of this Decree.

Sect. 9. Every work printed in Germany, whether comprehended in the regulations of this Decree or not, must bear the name of the printer or editor; and if it be of the number of periodical publications, of the principal editor. Every work in circulation in any of the States of the Confederation, with respect to which these conditions have not been complied with, will be seized and confiscated, and the person or persons, who may have published and sold it, condemned, according to the circumstances of the case, to the payment of fine, or some other punishment proportionate to the offence.

Sect. 10. The present Decree shall remain in force during five years from the date of its publication. Before the term of its expiration the Diet will take into mature consideration in what manner the xvIIIth Article of the Federal Act, relative to the uniformity of laws on the conduct of the Press, in the Confederated States, can be carried into execution, by definitively fixing the legal limits of the Liberty of the Press in Ger

many.

Decree relative to the formation of a General Commission for the purpose of ulterior Enquiry respecting Revolutionary Plots, discovered in some of the States of the Confederation.

Art. 1. In fifteen days from the date of this Decree, an extraordinary Commission of Enquiry, appointed by the Diet, and composed of seven Members, including the President, shall assemble in the city of Mentz, a fortress of the Confederation.

2. The object of this Commission is to make careful and detailed en' quiries respecting the facts, the origin, and the multiplied ramifications of the secret, revolutionary, and demagogic associations, directed against the political Constitution and internal repose, as well of the Confederation in general as of the individual members thereof, of which, indications, more or less conclusive, have been already discovered, and may result from ulterior researches.

3. The Diet elects, by the plurality of suffrages, the seven Members of the Confederation who are to appoint the Members of the Central Commission, &c.

[This and the remaining Articles, being unimportant, are abridged.]

4. None can be elected members of the Central Commission but civil officers, who, in the State which appoints them, are fulfilling or have fulfilled judicial functions, or have been engaged in preparing processes in important investigations.

5. In order to attain the end proposed, the Central Commission shall undertake the general direction of the local investigations which have already been commenced, or may hereafter be instituted.

6. All the members of the Confederation, in the territories in which inves