greatest of English brewing firms of 15,000l. a year in the money paid by them for barley! In Ireland I have noticed a similar custom at fairs after a bargain is struck on the sale of cattle or farm produce. There it is generally called "luck penny," and the sum returned is usually spent in drink. M. DRABWASH. HERALDIC BOOK-PLATES (5th S. vi. 465, 469; vii. 36, 76, 233, 435, 515.)-The suggestion of I. I. H. to have a register of the names of those who collect heraldic book-plates appears to me a very good one, and towards that object I gladly send my own, as I also am a collector, and have, in common with others, some duplicates. J. WILSON. 52, Hamilton Road, Highbury, N. HUMAN BODY FOUND IN A GLACIER (5th S. vii. 428, 515.) - By a singular chance I was reading this morning Les Fastes du Mont Blanc, par Stephen d'Arve (Genève, Librairie A. Vérésoff, 1876). At pp. 65-74, CAVE NORTH will find the inquest or procès verbal to which he refers, on the bodies of the two guides lost on August 20, 1820, and discovered in the Glacier des Bossons on August 15, 1861. Their companions, aged eighty and seventy-two, were called as witnesses. I trust CAVE NORTH will communicate any personal recollections. THUS. MYSTERIOUS MOUNTAIN SOUNDS (5th S. vi. 389; vii. 95, 293.)-Add to the bibliography of this subject an extremely interesting article published in the Smithsonian Report for 1868, p. 346, "Observations on the Electric Resonance (Bourdonnement) of Mountains, by M. Henri de Saussure (of Geneva), translated for the Smithsonian Institution (Washington, D.C., United States), Svo., pp. 5. "This was communicated by correspondence to M. J. Fournet, who introduced it in his notices on Electric Regions' published in the Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, tome xliv., 1867. In the Smithsonian Report it is somewhat modified and considered in a special point of view." SIGNATURES OF PEERS (5th S. vii. 249, 312.)— The late and present dukes of Portland signed their names "Scott-Portland." R. P. JACQUES CALLOT, ETCHER (5th S. vii. 508.)In the Fitzwilliam Museum at Cambridge are three large volumes of his works, containing some 930 examples. I believe, however, that in the Royal Academy at Dresden his scarcest works are to be found, 1,800 or more in number. S. N. Cambridge. THE DIVISIONS OF AN ORANGE (5th S. vi. 513; vii. 134, 297, 437.)-It is just possible that Sir W. Scott, in Woodstock, did not use the word cloves in the sense of portions of an orange, but may have alluded to the old custom of presenting an orange stuck full of cloves at New Year's time (see Fosbroke's Antiquities, p. 1049). PAUL Q. KARKEEK. Thoughts of Peace, but Mr. Grocott has not been able to find them in any of Mr. East's works which he has consulted. "In Sermon iii." (says the Index), "on the Plan of Human Redemption, Dr. Adam Clarke introduces his observations upon his text with the three following propositions, which he says have acquired the power of incontrovertible axioms among religious people: 1. God is too wise to err; 2. He is too holy to do wrong; 3. He is too good to be unkind." ST. SWITHIN. The verse The lines occur in a hymn by Medley. runs thus : "Hereafter he will make me know, And I shall surely find G. G. [The author of Singers and Songs of the Church makes no reference to this hymn nor to the Rev. J. East. Of Medley (who after being in the Navy became a Baptist minister) Mr. Millar says: "If we try Mr. Medley by his hymns we must pronounce him no poet." He died in 1799.] Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. A History of the Town of Belfast, from the Earliest Times to the Close of the Eighteenth Century. With Maps and Illustrations. By George Benn. (London, Marcus Ward.) BELFAST has not been without some useful guide-books cleverly compiled, but it has never had a thoroughly good historian. This beautiful and most interesting city has one at last, and Mr. Benn's merit is nothing the less for his desire that others would have undertaken the task, his reluctance to assume it himself, and his modest uncertainty as to how he may be thought to have accomplished it. He may be assured that he has gained a well-deserved success. In a volume of nearly 800 pages he has told everything that a reader interested in the subject could desire to know or expect to be told. In the historical part Mr. Benn has made judicious use of the State papers. To those who are familiar with the northern Irish capital the words of the Earl of Essex, when desiring to found it, will seem strange : "A small town there will keep the passage, relieve Knockfergus with wood, and horsemen being laid there shall command the plains of Clandeboye." Spanish Salt: a Collection of all the Proverbs which are to be found in Don Quixote. With a Literal English Translation, Notes, and an Introduction by Ulick Ralph Burke, M.A. (Basil M. Pickering.) THIS is a valuable addition to proverb literature. The most amusing bits of laconical wisdom are those which are exclusively Spanish. Next, those which are adapted, "with a difference." Some of course are common to all nations. There is entertainment for a couple of hours in going through Mr. Burke's collection; and amusement for many an odd half hour afterwards, particularly in the editor's annotations and illustrations. We recommend Mr. Burke to turn his attention now to Zschokke, whose German tales sparkle with German proverbs. We should say that in Addrich im Moos alone there are very nearly two hundred of these "Stimmen der Weisheit." Poems of the Months. By M. A. Baines. The Etchings by Wilhelmina Baines. (Sampson Low & Co.) THE etchings consist of gracefully sketched flowers peculiar to the months. The poems are acrostics, of which we have this one, for July: "Jasmine sweet and eglantine Underneath the lattice twine; Lilies fair and flowers of gold ;Yet are Nature's years untold." The book, an elegant quarto, is interleaved. COLONEL CHESTER.-It is with much gratification we announce to our readers that Columbia College, New York City, has conferred upon the above scholar and gentleman the degree of LL.D. in recognition of his literary services, especially in reference to his noble work on the Westminster Abbey registers. This institution, one of the first in the States, has always been very chary in conferring its highest degrees, which makes the compliment to COLONEL CHESTER the more valuable. MOLIERE AUTOGRAPHS.-The Theatre (July 10) states that "two letters of Molière have been discovered by a Parisian bookworm in an old copy of the Consolations of Boeotius. The first, addressed to La Font ine, speaks of the first representation of Les Femmes Savantes. The second describes the plot of L'Avare some time before that piece was brought out." If true, this would be a remarkable "find"; but!.... ARCHEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE.-July 6.-The sixth and last meeting for the session of 1877 was held under the presidency of Lord Talbot de Malahide. It was attended by a great many members and visitors. Amongst the latter was Mr. Fung Yee, an attaché of the Chinese Embassy.-An account was given by Mr. J. H. Parker of the recent excavations in Rome, a paper read by Prof. Bunnell Lewis on Scandinavian antiquities, and a memoir by Mr. Charles Keyser on some mural paintings recently discovered in Kempley Church, Gloucestershire.-Amongst a vast variety of objects exhibited were a Roman ring found in Sicily, by the Earl Amherst; a silver chalice and paten dated 1568, by Prof. Church; a seventeenth-century watch, by Mrs. Mead; an embroidered book, the property of Queen Anne of Denmark, &c., from Mr. O. Morgan; and the sword of Sir Francis Drake, by Mr. Arthur Lewis. Notices to Correspondents. ON all communications should be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. R. H.-"Oh, Richard, ob, mon roi." The words are by Sedaine; the music by Grétry. This song was one of three or four popular ballads in the opera of Richard Cœur de Lion. The performance of this piece was prohibited during the first French republic. Napoleon I. restored it to the stage. The piece was translated by General Burgoyne, and also by Mac Nally, in 1786. The general's version was played at Drury Lane; the other at Covent Garden. The general won the honours of the contest and kept the field. T. G.-"Pity the sorrows of a poor old man" is by Thomas Moss. LUPUS.-Your paper has been received; it is under consideration. J. E. BAILEY.-At an early opportunity. NOTICE. Editorial Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries -Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher"-at the Office, 20, Wellington Street, Strand, London, W.C. We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception. ACCIDENTS BY FLOOD AND FIELD. BRAND and CO.'S SOUPS, ACCIDENTS OF ALL KINDS May be provided against by a Policy of the RAILWAY PASSENGERS' ASSURANCE COMPANY, The Oldest and Largest Accidental Assurance Company. Hon. A. KINNAIRD, M.P., Chairman. Annual Income, £205,000. PRESERVED PROVISIONS, and YORK and GAME PIES; also, ESSENCE of BEEF, BEEF TEA, A fixed sum in case of Death by Accident, and a Weekly Allowance TURTLE SOUP, and other in the event of Injury, may be secured at moderate Bonus allowed to Insurers of Five Years' standing. Apply to the Clerks at the Railway Stations, the Local Agents, or SPECIALITIES for INVALIDS. SOLE ADDRESS ..... .308. 368. 428. 488. 608. per doz. .248. 30. Fine Old Irish and Scotch Whisky HEDGES & BUTLER. LONDON: 155, REGENT STREET, W. OLD MARSALA WINE, Acknowledged to be the finest imported, free from acidity or heat, and much superior to low-priced Sherry. 21s. per dozen. Selected dry TARRAGONA. as supplied to the Public Hospitals, Asylum, &c. 208. per d zen. Rail carriage paid. W. D. WATSON, Wine Merchant, 373, Oxford Street, and 56, Berwick Street, London, W. Established 1841. Terms cash. 11. LITTLE STANIIOPE STREET, MAYFAIR, W. DINNEFORD'S FLUID MAGNESIA. The best remedy FOR ACIDITY OF THE STOMACH, HEART- DINNEFORD & CO., 172. New Bond Street, London; HOLLOWAY'S PILLS and OINTMENT. BROWN & POLSON'S CORN FLOUR astringent, since it restrains the purging without interfering with the HAS TWENTY YEARS' WORLD-WIDE REPUTATION, AND IS EQUAL TO THE FINEST ARROWROOT. Irritable Bowels.-To be able to arrest the progress of bowel complaints must be a very desirable object. Nothing will accomplish this so safely and certainly as Holloway's Ointment well rubbed twice a day over the abdomen. It has an advantage over every other stomach or liver. On reaching the bowels this unguent soothes their irritated lining and simultaneously relieves all griping, purging. vomiting, disagreeable eructations, and gives general ease, without danger of checking the diarrhoea too suddenly. In dysentery the same treatment, aided by proper doses of Holloway's Pills, will allay the excessive straining, stop the discharge of slimy matter, and painlessly prevent both ulceration and danger. JOHN GOSNELL & CO.'S CHERRY TOOTH PASTE Is greatly superior to any Tooth Powder, gives the Teeth a Pearl-like Whiteness, protects the Enamel from decay, and imparts a pleasing Fragrance to the Breath. Price 1s. 6d. per Pot. JOHN GOSNELL & CO.'S TOILET AND NURSERY POWDER, Celebrated for its Purity. JOHN GOSNELL & CO.'S PATENT TRICHOSARON, Or newly-invented HAIR-BRUSII, the peculiar Mechanical Construction of which accomplishes the two operations, Cleansing and Polishing, simultaneously. SOLD BY ALL CHEMISTS AND PERFUMERS; AND AT ANGEL PASSAGE, 93, UPPER THAMES STREET, LONDON, E.C. LONDON, SATURDAY, JULY 21, 1877. CONTENTS. - N° 186. Wills of Bishops and Capitular Members of Cathedral a vain inquiry as to what was the settled orthography when a settled orthography of proper names was a thing undreamed of. The spelling was arbitrary until, by the publication of the first folio, it was crystallized into the form of Shakespeare. With very slight exceptions, principally in the omission of the final e in the third and fourth folios, and in Rowe's and Pope's editions (both QUERIES:-Presbyterianism in England, 1646-1660-Cart-published by Tonson), it retained this form for wright, alias Vicars, of Scawsby, 47-The "Liber Niger"Grace at Dinner-Bruton Street and Sheridan-Rev. W. Leslie-Old Sussex Families-Schliemann the Explorer-Sir John Berryne, 48-Cardinal Wolsey-Caxton-John Bargrave-The Busby-Jews' Weddings-Wrest Park, BedsThe "Apologia pro vita sua"-Authors Wanted, &c., 49. REPLIES:-Dr. Hook's Misleading Statement, 49-"Nine Whitsun Day-"Toot Hills," 56-Human Bodies found in Notes. THE MODERN SPELLING OF SHAKESPEARE'S NAME. In various communications which you have done me the honour of printing, I have uniformly spelled the poet's name Shakespeare; and it has been as uniformly printed Shakspeare. In correcting the proofs I have not attempted to restore my own spelling, because the alteration has been evidently made on system, either by express editorial authority or in accordance with the traditions of the printing-office. Permit me, however, to suggest that on a point like this, in which uniformity is unfortunately unattainable, the editor of a journal on the system of "N. & Q.," consisting mainly of the contributions of independent writers, should allow them to speak for themselves. : My protest is quite irrespective of the vexed question of how the poet spelled his name, or sanctioned the spelling of it by others in his lifetime. Like every point connected with him, the question is one of literary interest sufficient to justify the pains which have been taken in its elucidation; but the writers who, instead of looking at it in this aspect, have discussed it with a view to the regulation of the modern mode of spelling the name, seem to me to have fallen into a mistake as to the very object of their inquiries. They have perplexed themselves and others with upwards of 150 years. Malone himself, who is principally responsible for the unsettling of it, instances the fact that the name of Dryden, in the second edition of his Essay of Dramatick Poesie, is also printed Driden and Dreydon. Now what evidence of the manner in which the latter poet wrote his name would induce us to change the ordinarily received orthography? And yet, as he died after the commencement of the eighteenth century, the spelling of Dryden has not enjoyed much more than the same length of prescriptive usage down to the present day as that of Shakespeare had at the date of the injudicious attempt of Malone and Steevens to change the orthography of that classic name. The result has been to open the door to a perplexing variety of spelling. Whether the first syllable should be spelled with or without an e-whether with a c or a k, or both, or even with a g-or whether that consonant should combine with the following s, and form an x, with or without another s succeeding it—whether the a in the second syllable should be retained, or additional e-and, lastly, whether the name should abandoned, or replaced with a y or an i or an be spelled with or without the final e (for every one of which peculiarities authority, or at least precedent, has been found, and others might easily be suggested), and how many changes can be rung on the variations thus introduced, are questions which may be a fit subject for an exercise in permutations, but not for Shakespearian criticism. The practical question fortunately lies within narrower limits; and those who profess to have formed an opinion on the subject may be divided into three classes. The first hold, as I do, that the spelling of Shakespeare, whether right or wrong in its origin, had acquired such general acceptance down to a comparatively recent period that there was no sufficient justification for meddling with it, and that the modern innovations ought to be discouraged. The second appeal to the evidence of the known autographs of the poet, and hold his authority to be conclusive. If this were good ground for regulating the modern practice, there would be strong evidence to justify the writing of Shakspere. The third class contend that, amidst the endless varieties of contemporary spelling, a greatly preponderating number indicate that the sound of the a in the first syllable was short; they therefore so pronounce it, and, acting on this principle, make a point of rejecting the medial e, but, not going so far as to contract the name to Shakspere, spell it Shakspeare or Shakspear, retaining or rejecting the final e on grounds which some of your correspondents, who adopt one or other of those forms, will perhaps explain. For my own part I must crave permission, with many of the best Shakespearian scholars of the day, to range myself under the banner of Shakespeare. J. F. MARSH. Hardwick House, Chepstow. WILLS OF BISHOPS AND CAPITULAR MEMBERS OF CATHEDRAL CHURCHES. The wills at Somerset House necessarily include mainly those of Cathedrals of the Old Foundation with chapters of Secular Canons; those of the archdeacons only occur in what are now known as Cathedrals of the New Foundation, which then belonged to Benedictine monks, with the single exception of Carlisle, which had Regular Canons of St. Austin, men who possessed no private property. Several of the canons mentioned in this list held stalls in other churches. Besides these there are many wills of lay persons which will illustrate the history and the internal arrangement and furniture of the buildings, but such particulars must be discovered by a comprehensive and exhaustive search. I again omit names immediately connected with Chichester. In 5th S. vii. 441, 442, for "Thaver" read Thower; for "Lagge" Logge; and fifty not "thirty wills for Chichester." SOMERSET HOUSE WILLS OF BISHOPS (continued). Bp. Waltham, Sarum, 1395 (Rous, 5). Bp. Howell, Killala, suffr. of Lond. and Ely (Marche, 7). Jo. Hayne, Clonfert, suffr. of London, 1451 (Stokton, 16). John Pope, residentiary, 1475 (Wattys, 22). John Marten, archd. Taunton. 1525 (Bodfelde, 37). Thomas Shelforde, canon, 1426 (Luffenam, 6). John Millingford, canon, 1407 (Marche, 13). John Shurford, canon, 1419 (Marche, 16). John Greene, canon, 1409 (Marche, 20). John, canon, 1419 (Marche, 46). Walter, canon, 1409 (Marche, 19). Robert, subdean, 1505 (Holger, 38). Roger Woodhele, canon, 1436 (Luffenam, 20). Richard, provost and canon, 1487 (Milles, 5). Will Bennet, D.C.L., preb., 1534 (Hogen, 14). John, res. and subdean, 1492 (Dogett, 22). Sarum.-Jo. Carytere, canon, 1443 (Luffenam, 29). Rich. Caunton, archd., 1465 (Godyn, 16). Geoff. Cruckaden, canon, 1421 (Marche, 51). Geoff. Elys, canon, 1506 (Adeane, 19). Pet. Barton, canon, 1403 (Marche, 4). Jo. Cranburn, canon, 1474 (Wattys, 16). Edm. Crome, canon, 1517 (Holder, 30). Will. Crowton, canon, 1477 (Wattys, 30). Nich. Righton, canon, 1413 (Marche, 26). John Stokys, precentor, 1466 (Godyn, 16). John Stratton, residentiary, 1474 (Wattys, 19). Ralph Lovell, canon, 1413 (Marche, 28). John Norton, chancellor, 1402 (Marche, 2). Montagu, dean, 1404 (Marche, 7). Nicholas Rishton. canon, 1413 (Marche, 26). Thos. Kirkby, treas., 1476 (Wattys, 29). Henry Molyneux, canon, 1491 (Milles, 45). Rob. Honeywood, archd. Bath, 1522 (Bodfelde, 21). Thomas, canon (and of Wells), 1518 (Ayloffe, 9). Maurice Glynne, LL.D., archd., 1525 (Bodfelde, 36). Llandaff Thos. Fisherwick, prebendary, 1508 (Bennett, 7). Hereford.-Wm. Chapman, residentiary, 1493 (Vox, 6). Rob. Geffrey, archd.. 1494 (Vox, 15). |