Brayley and Britton's Public Edifices of London, 8vo. 1825-28; this work also contains an account with illustrations by him of the staircase in Ashburnham House, Westminster, the reputed design of Inigo Jones. In 1824 he published a plate showing a comparative view of the four principal modern churches in Europe by means of transverse sections to one scale. In 1825 he edited an edition, in two volumes, of Sir William Chambers's admirable Treatise on the Decorative Part of Civil Architecture, adding an original Examination of the Elements of Beauty in Grecian Architecture, and an Investigation of its Origin, Progress, and Perfection; in 1826, he published the first translation in England of the entire Treatise on Architecture of Vitruvius; and likewise The Rudiments of Architecture, Practical and Theoretical, of which other editions appeared in 1835 and 1839. In 1829 appeared the Ordinary to N. H. Nicolas, a Roll of Arms.

In 1833 Mr. Gwilt was elected a member of the Royal Astronomical Society, and to the study of this branch of science he later in life further devoted himself, when retired from the profession. The pamphlet entitled Observations on the Communication of Mr. Wilkins relative to the National Gallery, was printed in the same year. In 1835 appeared a Treatise on the Art of Music from his pen, in the Encyclopædia Metropolitana; also Rudiments of the Anglo-Saxon Tongue, 8vo.; in 1837, Elements of Architectural Criticism, for the Use of Students, Amateurs, and Reviewers, with an Appendix in 1839; and in 1838 a pamphlet (in conjunction with his son John Sebastian) relative to A National Gallery on the Site of Trafalgar Square. In 1842 he supplied the articles relating to Architecture and to Music, in Brande's Dictionary of Science, Literature, and Art; and in the same year was published the principal work of his life, the Encyclopædia of Architecture, Historical, Theoretical, and Practical, to which in 1845 he added an appendix on Gothic Architecture. In 1848 he edited a new edition of Peter Nicholson's Principles of Architecture; this, with the exception of a few papers which appeared subsequently in some of the periodicals, was his last printed work.

Besides the design for London Bridge, already mentioned, Mr. Gwilt's professional works consisted of the church at Lee, near Blackheath, lately pulled down; 1819, the land approaches to Southwark Bridge; 1843, Markree Castle, near Sligo, in Ireland, for E. J. Cooper, Esq.; and St. Thomas's Church at Charlton, in Kent; together with numerous other buildings of no important interest, excepting the design for laying out for building purposes the estate of Sir T. M. Wilson at Hampstead: the viaduct there is the only portion of it yet executed. Until about 1845 Mr. Gwilt held the appointment of Surveyor to the Commissioners of Sewers for the limits extending from East Moulsey, in the county of Surrey, to the river Ravensbourne in Kent, for a period of forty-seven years, having succeeded his father, who held the appointment previously for the space of thirty years. He was also Architect to the Imperial Fire Assurance Company; to the Worshipful Company of Wax Chandlers; as well as to the Worshipful Company of Grocers, the interior of whose Hall he entirely rearranged in 1828, and added the

front towards Princes Street, by the Bank of England, and rebuilt the house of the clerks.

Mr. Gwilt was frequently consulted by the Office of Woods and Forests, and on many occasions gave important evidence before Committees, both of the House of Lords and of the House of Commons, more especially in regard to the Metropolitan Building Act 1855, which he, in conjunction with Mr. Penrose, projected, but was overruled as to many of the clauses. He was a thorough disciple and an ardent admirer of that great Italian architect Palladio; he ever considered the Italian style of architecture as best suited to the climate of this country, and was fearless in expressing his opinions on subjects of art. He made frequent trips to France, Belgium, and Germany, embellishing the remarks which he made in his journal with exquisite penand-ink sketches of the objects chiefly interesting him during the journeys.

For many years of his life, being an accomplished musician himself, and on intimate terms with many of the leading professors, Mr. Gwilt was in the habit of holding at his house fortnightly musical soirées, at which were played Mozart's quartetts, Haydn's septetts, and other classical music, his own instrument at these parties being the tenor. At the coronation of the Queen, owing to his musical knowledge, he was selected to act as signal officer to the choir.

After a long, honourable, and arduous career of upwards of fifty years. Mr. Gwilt retired from the active pursuit of his profession, residing, for a few years preceding his death, at South Hill, Henley-on-Thames, at which place he closed his useful life on the 14th September, 1863, in the eightieth year of his age. John Sebastian Gwilt furnished a memoir of his father to the Royal Institute of British Architects, from whose Transactions, as well as from the article in the Dictionary of the Architectural Publication Society, and the detailed account of Mr. Gwilt's labours in the Builder for 1863, page 701, this biographical account has been compiled.

The numerous publications named in the foregoing memoir will not here need any criticism, most of them should be read by the architectural student, especially the Rudiments, and the Elements of Criticism, with its Appendix; the publication of the last-named work was occasioned by the violent attacks which the previous treatise received from reviews. Others of his minor writings have been criticised by Mr. Gwilt himself in the "Preface" to this work. The translation of Vitruvius's Architecture is a valuable addition to the library, as such an edition of the whole treatise had not previously been published in England; portions only having been attempted by Newton and by Wilkins. The want of such a Body" of information as the Encyclopædia of Architecture had long been felt by the profession, as it was found that other "Encyclopædias" did not meet the special requirements.

This work has now borne the test of a quarter of a century's use, during which time it has done good service; and more need scarcely now be said of

it than that it is of sufficient merit to have established, without the addition of the other learned writings by this esteemed architect, a reputation for its author as having mastered all the details of numerous branches of Literature and Science. This reputation was enhanced in the eyes of his contemporaries by the manner in which his selections from many of the best native and foreign professional works were placed intelligibly before the architectural student, through the judgment with which Mr. Gwilt not only decided what was theoretically and practically useful in those works, but added to the labours of his predecessors a mass of information entirely due to the store of technical knowledge which he had carefully and laboriously acquired for himself

WYATT PAPWORTH.

88 BLOOMSBURY STREET, W.C.: November 1875.