Arundel Castle, 394. 398.

Asgill, Sir Charles, villa for, at Richmond,

by Taylor, 515.

Ashlar stone walls, 1918. Facing, 1919—
1924.

Asinelli tower, at Bologna, 2500.
Asphalte, 1876-1880.

Assisi, church of St. Francesco at, 318.
Assumption, church of, at Moscow, de-
scribed, 375.

Astragal, bead, or baguette, 2532.
Athenians, their early superiority in the
arts, 136.

Athens, early buildings at, of earth and
clay, 136.

Atkinson's cement, 1863, 1864.
Atlantes, 2682.

Atreus, treasury of, at Mycene, description
of, 35.

Atrium of a Roman house, 246.

Different
species of, &c., 247. In house at Pompeii,

253.

Atrium, why so called in Roman houses,

181.

Attelborough, parochial church of, 408.

421.

Attics and basements, 2665, et seq.
Attics, examples of, 2668.

Attributes, in decoration, 2519, 2520.
Audley End, designs by Thorpe, 440.
Audley Inn, in Essex, 442. 445. 451,

452.

Augustins, royal convent of, at Madrid,

371.

Augustus, portico of, at Athens, 151.
Avington, church of, 389.

Axe, a carpenter's tool, 2003.

Ayot, St. Lawrence, church at, by Stuart,
516.

Aztec architecture, 110. 116.

B.

Baalbec, extraordinary structures at, 196.
First described by Maundrell, ib.
Baalbec, niches at, 2775.

Babylon, ruins of, described, according to
Rich, 38-41. Citadel of, 42. Tunnel
under the Euphrates, 43. Dimension,

rather than art, its character, 44.
Bacchus, Ionic temple of, at Teos, 153.
Back flaps of shutters, 2147.
Back linings of sash-frame, 2147.
Back of a slate, 2211.

Badajos, Giovanni di, a Portuguese archi-
tect, 367.

Bagdad, foundations of, laid by Almansor,

119.

Bagdad, its walls, 131.

Bagnall, Sir John, house for, designed by
Thorpe, 440.

Baguette, 2532.

Balleso, Giovanni, a Spanish architect,

367.

Ballium of a castle, what, 394.
Balusters, 2695, et seq. Not used by an-

cients, 2696. Their measures, 2697.

For Tuscan order and table of propor-
tions, 2699. 2702. For Doric and Ionic
orders, 2700. For Corinthian and Com-
posite orders, 2701. Double-bellied,
2703. Double-bellied for Doric order,
2704. Double-bellied for Ionic order,
2705. Double-bellied for Corinthian
order, 2706. Intervals between, 2708.
Bulbs or bellies of, 2711. See also
"Balustrades."

Balustrades and Balusters, 2695, et seq.
Rules for setting out, 2697. Height
of, 2698. At Chiericato palace, 2698.
At Porti palace, ib. At Valmarana
palace, ib. Scroll and Guiloche,
2707. Intervals in, 2708. Pedestals of,
2708, 2709. Applied to staircases, 2710.
Statues used on, 2712. Vases used on,
2713. See also "Balusters."
Balustrades of arcade, 2657.

Bamborough Castle, 394, 398.

Bank of England, parts of, well planned,

2885.

Banker, bricklayer's, 1890.

Banqueting House, window at, 2762.
Baptistery at Florence, doors of, 2735.
Barbacan of a castle, what, 394.
Barfreston, church of, 389. 391.

Bar iron, weight of a foot in length, 2254.
Barracks, 2982.

Bars with latchets, 2263.
Bartholomew's Hospital, by Gibbs, 503.
Basements and attics, 2665, et seq.

rally decorated with rustics,
Courses of, how disposed, 2667.
work in, 2670.

Bases of columns, origin of, 135.

Bead or Baguette, 2532.

Bead and Butt, what, 2131.

Bead and double quirk, 2127.

Bead and flush, what, 2131.

Beaulieu, palace at, 426.

Beaumaris Castle, 402.

Beaupré Castle, Gloucestershire, 452.
Beauty in architecture, partly from suitable
forms, 2495.

Beauty in architecture, sources of, 2492,
et seq.

Bec, in Normandy, abbey at, 310.
Bed of a slate, 2211.
Bedding stone, 1890.

Bedford Castle, 394.

Beeston Castle, Cheshire, 391. 398.
Bellhanger's work, in specifications, 2292.

Bell metal, 1791.

Bells, introduced, 390.

Belus, tower of, described, 38. 41.
Belvedere Garden, arcade at, 2638.

Belvedere House, Kent, for Lord Eardley,
by Stuart, 516.

Bench, joiner's, and parts of, 2102.
Bench planes, 2102.

Beni-hassan, tomb at, exhibits Doric co-
lumn, 133.

Berkeley Castle, 394. 398. 414.
Berlin, Brandenburg, gate at, 366.
Bernardo Buontalenti, windows by, 2759.
Bernini, 347. His style considered, 348.
Made designs for the Louvre, ib.
Bernini, left design for façades of Louvre,
and his disgust with workmen at Paris,
359.

Berruguette, a Spanish architect of the
sixteenth century, 368.

Bethel and Bothel mentioned, 13. That
set up by Jacob, ib. Object of idolatrous
worship where the Canaanites appeared,
ib.

Bevel, bricklayer's, 1890.

Beverley Minster, conventual church of,
407. 421. West front restored to per-
pendicularity, 449.

Biban el Melook, subterranean chambers
of, 63.

Bibbiena, his theatres, 2950.

Bibliotheca of a Roman house, 252.
Bibliothèque du Roi, Paris, 2911.
Billet ornament, 397.

Binding joists, 2019-2022.

Birs Nemroud, near Babylon, as described
by Rich, 40. The ruins spoken of by
Père Emanuel, 40, 41.

Biscop, Benedict, founder of the abbey of
Weremouth, 385, 386.

Blackfriars' Bridge, by Mylne, 521.
Blenheim House, account of, with plan and
elevation, 493.

Blondel employed in Germany, 366.
Boarding of roofs, how measured, 2342.
Boarding, value of labour of, 2368.

Boards, cutting of, for covering domes,
groins, &c., 2068-2078.
Boaster, mason's, 1910.

Boffrand employed in Germany, 366.

Bricklayer's tools, 1890.

Bricklayer's work in specifications, 2282.
Bricklaying and tiling, 1889-1908. Brick-
laying defined, 1889. See "Bond."
Bricknogged partitions, 2021.
Bricknogging defined, 1902.
Bricknogging, how measured, 2313.
Brick paving, 2300.

Bricks, 1811-1833. Description of, and an-
tiquity, 1811. Species used, according
to Vitruvius, by the ancients, 1812.
Improper bricks used by the moderns,
1813. Manufacture of bricks, 1815.
Clamps, what, 1816. Kilns for burn-
ing, 1817. Species of bricks, 1820-
1830. Marl stocks, 1821. Stocks, 1822.
Place bricks, 1823. Burrs and clinkers,
1824. Fire-bricks, 1826. Windsor
bricks, ib. Welsh lumps, ib. Paving,
1827. Compass, 1828. Concave or
hollow, 1829. Dutch clinkers and
Flemish bricks, 1830. Size of, regulated
by statute, 1831. Should be well satu-
rated before laying in summer, 1832.
Weight of, 1833.

Bricks employed in Egyptian architecture,

72.

Bricks necessary for a given quantity of
work, table of, 2317.

Brickwork, crushing weight of a cubic
foot, 1833.

Brickwork, table of, showing number of
reduced feet in quantities of different
thicknesses, 2318.

Bridewell and Blackfriars' Palace, 426.
Bridge, architecture of, 419.
Bridge at Croyland, Lincolnshire, 419.
Bridge della Santissima Trinità, 331.
Bridges, 221, 222. Earliest in Rome, 222.

That at Narni, ib. That of Trajan over
the Danube, ib. That over the Tagus at
Alcantara, ib.

Bridges, 2865, et seq. Decorations of,
2865. Should be at right angles to the
stream, 2866. Best forms of arches,
2867. At Pavia over the Tesino, 2868.
Position of, 2869. Piers and centres of,
ib. Coffer dams, ib. Caissons for
piers, ib.

Bridges, building of, considered an act of
piety, 310.

Bridges of China, 108.

Bridges of timber, 2095, et seq.

Over the

Brenta by Palladio, 2096. By the same
architect over the Cismone, 2096. Other
bridge by, 2097. Method of, by Price,

2098, 2099.

Bridging joists, 2019.

Brinkbourn, conventual church of, 407.
Brinkbourn, in Northumberland, conventual
church at, 398.

Bristol Cathedral, 398. 421.

and dimensions of, 434.

Founders

Britain, architecture of, 379, et seq. Under
Claudius, 381. Under Agricola, ib.
Britain in the time of Constantius abounded
with good artificers, 381.

Britain, Roman works in, ruins of, 382.
British Museum, 2918.

British Museum, formerly Montague
House, 466.

Britons became ignorant of architecture
before final departure of Romans, 381,

382.

Britons, early houses and architecture of,
379, 380.

Britons, how lodged under the Normans,
393.

Broaching in masonry, 1914.

Broad tool, mason's, 1910.

Brontæum of the Greek theatre, 172.
Brunelleschi, reviver of the arts, 436.
Brunelleschi, short account of his life, 323.

327.

Brussels, town hall at, 2896.

Buckhurst House, in Sussex, 440.
Buckhurst House, date and founder, 446.
Buckingham House, built by Winde for

Sheffield, Duke of Buckingham, 465.
Building Act, Appendix, p. 819, et seq.
Buildings, covering of, as to comparative

weights. See "Covering of Buildings.”
Buildings, public and private, general ob-
servations on, 2861, et seq. Different
parts of, 2863, 2864. Bridges, 2865,
Churches, 2870, et seq.

et seq.

Bullant, Jean, one of the early French
architects, 357, 358.

Buonarotti, Michel Angelo, 335. Em-
ployed on St. Peter's, and his disinter-
estedness, ib. His letter to Vasari, ib.
Burgh Castle, in Suffolk, 391.
Burghley-on-the-Hill, garden front, 440.
Burgos, cathedral at, 320.

Burleigh House, by Thorpe, 440.
Burleigh House, date and founder, 446.
Burlington, Earl of, an architect of great

talent, account of, and his works, 509,
510. His liberality to Kent, 511.
Burlington House, 2995.

Burlington House colonnade, 510.
Burlington House, engaged pilasters con-
demned, 2615.

Burlington, Lord, 464.

Burrough, Sir James, able amateur archi-
tect, 490.

Burrs, 1824.

Buschetto, architect of cathedral at Pisa,
286. His epitaph, ib.

Bustamente, Bartolomeo di, celebrated
Spanish architect, 370.
Butting, in carpentry, 2009.

Byland, conventual church at, 398.
Byzantine architecture, 270, et seq.

Byzantine architecture continued till intro-
duction of pointed style, 283.

C.

Caaba of Mecca, description of, spared by
the Wahabees in 1803, 118.
Cable ornament, 397.
Cablings, 2588.

Cadmians, Jacob Bryant's thoughts on, 27.
136.

Caen Wood House, by Adam, 517.
Caer-Philly Castle, 398. View of, 404. 419.
Caernarvon Castle, and view of, 402, 403.
Cairn, or Carn, what, and its etymology, 24.
Cairo, founded by Akbah, 120.

Caissons, in cylindrical vaulting, how to
regulate, 2835, 2836. In hemispherical
vaulting, 2837.

Caldarium of the Roman baths, 235.
Caldogno villa, cornice of, 2725.
Camalodunum, first Roman colony in
Britain, 381.

Camber slip, bricklayer's, 1890.

Campbell, Colin, architect, temp. George I.,
and his works, 504.

Campden, Gloucestershire, parochial church
of, 421.

Campden House, Gloucestershire, 445.
Description of, 451.

Campo Vaccino, columns of, 2547.

Canárah, excavations in Island of Salsette,
near Bombay, 57.

Cancellaria at Rome, doorway at, 2739.
Cannons, Middlesex, James, employed on,

Carlo, Maderno, employed on St. Peter's,
336. 338. 341.

Carnac (Egypt), temple at, 81.

Carnac, in Britany, remains of Druidical
monument, 14. 40.

Carpenter's and joiner's work in specifica-
tions, 2285.

See "Mechanical

Carpentry and joinery, measurement and
value of labour of, 2330-2369.
Carpentry mechanical.
Carpentry."
Carpentry practical, what, 2003. The tools
of the carpenter, ib. Antiquity of, 2004.
Among the moderns, 2005. Scarfing,
2007. Mortises and tenons, 2008, 2009.
Method of framing wall-plates together at
angles, 2009. Most approved method of
forming butments for struts and braces,
2010. Straps, 2011. Bolts, 2012.
Flooring and floors, 2013-2023. Single
flooring, 2014. Common joists and their
scantlings, 2014, 2015. Trimmers and
trimming joists, 2017. Double floor,

2019. Double-framed floor, 2020, 2021.
Girders, ib. Mode of trussing girders,
2021. Binding joists, 2022. Scantlings
of, ib. Cieling joists and their scantlings,
ib. Floors, method of constructing,
with short timbers, 2023. Partitions,
2024, 2025. Carriage of stairs, 2026.
Roofs, slope of, 2027-2030. Tie-
beam, 2031. Collar beam, ib. Sagging
prevented, ib. King post, ib. Truss,
what, ib. Struts, what, ib. Framing
principal rafters, 2033. Queen posts,
2034. Straining piece, ib. Mansard
roof, 2035. Common rafters, ib.
Purlin, ib. Pole plate, ib. Ridge piece,
ib. Hip rafters, ib. Jack rafters, ib.
Scantlings of timbers for roofs, ib. Mode
of framing roofs of different spans, 2042—
2045. Roof of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields,
2046. Of chapel at Greenwich Hospital,
2047.

2048.

Of old Drury Lane Theatre,
Dome of St. Paul's, 2049. Of
St. Paolo fuori le Murà, 2051. Delorme's
mode of framing domes, 2052. Lines
for framing roof, 2053—2057. Ribs for
groins, 2058-2077. Bracketing, 2079
-2088. Domes, 2089. Pendentives,
2090-2094. Bridges, 2095-2099.
Carpentry, system of, in use among the
Chinese, 102.

Carr, of York, an architect, temp. George
III., 514. Much employed in northern
counties, ib.

Cart, Pietro, a German architect, 365.
Carter, pupil of Inigo Jones, 464.
Cartmell, in Lancashire, choir at, 398.
Carton, pierre enrichments, 2251.
Caryatides, account of their origin by Vi-
truvius, 165. Used in other than the
classic styles of architecture, 166. Pro-
bable origin, 168, 169.

Caryatides and Persians, 2682, et seq. By
Jean Gougeon, 2683. 2693. Those de-
signed for Whitehall, 2685. By Michel
Angelo, 2687, 2688. 2691.

By Biffi at

Milan, 2689. By Quellinus, from Am-
sterdam, 2690. At the Louvre, 2693.
From the arch of the Goldsmiths at Rome,
2694.

Caryatides used at an early period of the
art, 85.

Casement, 2532.

Caserta, palace at, described, 2877, 2878.
Castel St. Angelo at Rome, 256.
Castella, of aqueducts, what, 225.
Castle Abbey, Northamptonshire, 452.
Castle Howard, in Yorkshire, by Vanbrugh,
494.

Castle Rising Castle, 398.

Castle Rising, Norfolk, parochial church of,
398.

Castles encouraged by William the Con-
queror, 393. And William Rufus, ib.
Description of, and list, 394. Gateway,
important part of, 416.

Castles of Benevento, Penafiel, and Torde-
sillas, 128.

Castles, principal, in the time of the Nor-

mans, 394.

Castletown (Derbyshire) Castle, 391.
Castor Castle, in Norfolk, 391.

Cathedrals, English, synoptical view of
their leading dimensions, 435.
Cathedrals having parts of Norman erec-
tion, 396.

Cathedrals, principal, of France, and their
dates, 317. Of Italy, 318. Of Spain,
320. Of Portugal, 321.

Catledge House, date and founder, 446.
Cavædium of a Roman house, 246.
Caves of Ellora, description of apartments
at, 56. Indra Subba, apartments of, ib.
Cavetto, mouth, or hollow, 2532.
Cavetto, ornament in Norman architecture,

Cellæ domesticæ of a Roman house, 253.
Cellæ familiariæ of a Roman house, 253.

Cements, 1863-1867.

Centering, how measured, 2332.
Centering, value of labour of, 2349.
Centre of motion, 1241.

Centre-bits, plumber's, 2212.

Centre of gravity, 1242.

1266-1292.

See "Mechanics and Statics."
Cesspools, bad substitutes for drains and
sewers, 1887.

Chaldæa, architecture of, 9.
Chambers, Sir William, architect, temp.

George III., 518. His works, 518, 519,
520. His Treatise on Architecture, 520.
Chapel at Greenwich Hospital, roof of,
2047.

Chapel of San Bernardino, by San Micheli,
350.

Chapel of St. Pietro in Montorio, 335.
Character of Elizabethan architecture, 449.
Characteristics of early English architec-
ture, 405. Arches, ib. Trefoil and
cinquefoil heads, ib. Columns, ib. Win-
dows, ib. Roofs, ib. Walls, ib. Orna-
ments, ib. Plans, ib.
Characteristics of ornamented English style
in arches, columns, windows, roof, or
ceiling ornaments, 420.
Characteristics of the Tudor style in win-
dows, ceilings, flying buttresses, orna-
ments, canopies, pedestals, &c., 430.
Characters of the different orders, 2538, et seq.
Charité, la, sur Loire, church at, 289.
Charlemagne, architectural era of, 283. 289.
Charles V., of France, architecture under,
311.

Charles V., of Spain, a great patron of ar-
chitecture, 368.

Chimney Sweepers' Act, Appendix p.852.
China, architecture of, 9.

Chinese architecture:-Tent, the type of, 93.
Does not seem to have improved, 94.
Principles of, as connected with its type,
95. Quality of, is gaiety of effect, 96.
Its ornaments, 97. Timber, chief mate-
rial used in, 98. Brick also employed,
ib. Police of, and regulations in build-
ing, ib.

Chinese houses described generally, 101.
Chinese palaces, 103. That at Pekin de-
scribed, 103.

Chinese wall, description of, 108.
Chisel, a carpenter's tool, 2003.
Chisels, mason's, 1909.

Chisels, the firmer, paring, 2111. Mortise,