Lathing hammer, tiler's, 1908.
Lathing staff, tilers, ib.
Lath layed, plastered, and set, 2241.
Laths, for tiling, 2301, 2302.
Laths, plasterer's, different sorts, 2238.
Latterkin, glazier's, 2228.
Launceston Castle, 398.
Lavatio, frigida et calida, of the Greek
gymnasium, 175.
Lavenham, parochial church of, 421.
Law courts.
See "Courts of Law."
Laws relating to building, Appendix, p.
819, et seq.
Layer Marney, Essex, 426.
Laying, plasterer's, 2239.
Lead, 1781--1786. Heaviest of metals
except gold and quicksilver, 1781. Spe-
cific gravity, &c., ib. Not altered by
exposure to air and water, 1782. Of two
sorts, cast and milled, 1783, 1784. Manu-
facture of milled lead, 1784. Thicknesses
and weights of sheet lead, 1785. Pipes
of, ib. For glaziers, 1786.
Leases on lives, Appendix, 884.
Lebrun, M., his analysis of loads and
weights of an order, 2524.
Lebrun's theory as respects arcades, 2618,
Leicester, Roman wall at, 382.
Le Mercier, a French architect of talent,
359.
Leo the Isaurian destroys statues, 272.
Leon, in Chinese architecture, described,
100.
Lescot, one of the early French architects,
357, 358.
Lescot's works at the Louvre, 358.
Letters, transposition of, for powers of com-
pound quantities, 707-711.
Le Veau, a French architect, engaged on
the Tuileries, 357.
Le Veau, Louis, associated with Perrault
in building the Louvre, 359.
Level, bricklayer's, 1890.
Lever, properties of, 1265-1269.
Libraries. SeePublic Libraries."
Lichfield Cathedral, 421. Founders and
dimensions of, 434.
Light, area of, in Pantheon at Rome, 2747.
Lighthouses, 2924, et seq. Built at an
early period, 2925. Jacob Bryant on,
2926. Pharos of Alexandria, 2927.
Of Corduan, 2929. Edystone, 2930.
North Foreland, 2931.
Lights, leadwork for, 2227.
Ligorio, Pirro, architect of the Villa Pia
at Rome, 345.
Lime, measures of, 2303.
Lime, 1840-1857. What, 1840. Varie-
ties of limestone, 1841, 1842. Dorking
and Merstham lime, 1843. Lias of So-
mersetshire, ib. Of Sunderland, ib.
South Shields, ib. Brown most esteemed,
1844. Limestone, how to analyse, 1845.
Burning, 1846, 1847. Best that which
heats most in slaking, 1849. Use of
fresh, 1850. Limestones examined by
Smeaton, 1851. Forming mortar from,
1852-1857. Proportion of, to sand,
Lincoln Castle, 394. 398.
Lincoln Cathedral, 396. 406. 421. Found-
ers and dimensions of, 434.
Lindisfarne, church built at, 388.
Line pins, bricklayer's, 1890.
Linings, value of labour of, 2368.
Listel or annulet, 2532.
Llanphey Court, castellated palace at, 413.
Llantony, conventual church of, 398.
Loads and supports in an order, equality
of, 2524. Principles of proportion for
the orders, 2525, et seq. In tetrastyle,
hexastyle, and octastyle temples, 2528.
Concordance with the laws given by Vi-
truvius, 2529. Ancient examples of,
2531. Principles applied to points of
support, ib.
Lock rails of a door, 2130.
Locks, different sorts, 2261.
Logan or rocking stones, celebrated one in
Cornwall, 25.
Logarithmic tables, 639, 640.
Logarithms, 632-638.
pressing, 641-654.
Aoyelov of the Greek theatre, 172.
Lomazzo, his work translated into English,
Lombards, overrun Italy, their civilisation
and works, 280.
London buildings, commission temp.
James I. to prevent, on new foundations
457.
Machuca, a Spanish architect of the age of
Charles V., 368.
Madrid, palace at, 368.
Madurah, tchoultry or inn at, and temple
there, 61.
Maestricht, town hall at, 2897.
Magdalen College, Oxford, chapel, 421.
Mahadeo, temple of, at Ellora, 56.
Maidstone, parochial church of, 408. 421.
Maison Carrée, niches at, 2775.
Maison Carrée, temple at Nismes (Co-
rinthian), 212.
Mallet, mason's, 1909.
Mallet, plumber's, 2212.
Manchester College, 421
Manorial houses, of timber, short account
of, 439.
Mansart, Jules Hardouin, architect in
France, temp. Louis XIV., 359.
Mansions, few of the Tudor age now exist,
Marble Hill, Twickenham, by Earl of
Pembroke, 508.
Marble, what, 1673. External characters
and constituent parts, 1674. May be
burnt into quicklime, 1675. Different
varieties of ancient and modern, 1676-
1683.
Margins of the xystus, 175.
Marl stocks, 1821.
Marsh, an architect mentioned by Vertue,
Mars Ultor, Corinthian temple of, at Rome,
Martinelli, employed in Germany, 365.
Mason's work, in specifications, 2284.
Mason's work, how measured, 2370. Values
of labour of, 2373.
Masonry, 1909-1956. What, 1909. Tools
used in, 1909, 1910. Stone walling,
1916-1924. Footings of stone walls,
1916. Foundations of same, 1917.
Rubble walls, ib. Ashlar facing,
1918, 1919. Columns, 1925. Stairs,
1926-1929. Geometrical stairs, 1927
-1929, Scientific operations of stone-
cutting, 1930, et seq. Construction of
arches and simple vaults, and their groins,
1931. To draw elliptic arch and find the
joints, 1934-1937. To draw Gothic
arch and find joints, 1938-1941. To
draw rampant Gothic arch and find the
joints, 1943. Construction of intersecting
vaults and groins, 1944, et seq. Dome
vaulting, 1956, et seq.
Masques, decorations for, designed by Inigo
Jones, 460.
Massimi Palace, arcade at, 2635.
Materials, crushing weight of, 1500.
Mathematics, generally defined, 523.
Mattei Palace at Rome, windows at, 2758.
Mausoleum of King John, Portugal, 321.
Mayence, cathedral of, 287, 288.
Measuring and estimating, 2295, et seq.
Measuring brickwork, 2295, et seq.
Measuring digging, 2298.
Measuring rule, plumber's, 2212.
Measuring tiling, 2301, et seq., 2316.
Mecca, houses, how built, 131.
Mechanical arts, not absolutely necessary
to progress of architecture, 9.
Mechanical carpentry, 1598—1635. Woods
used in, 1593-1595. Weights of wood
in the same tree, 1597. Timber, experi-
ments on, 1598, et seq. Cohesive force
of timber in direction of its length, 1598.
Strength of wood in an upright position,
1600-1602. Horizontal pieces of tim-
ber, 1603-1613. Tables of experiments
on timber, 1613-1624. Tables applied
to other timber besides oak, 1624–1635.
Method of using tables for horizontal
timbers, 1625, 1626. The same for ver-
tical bearing timbers, 1627-1629. The
same for obtaining the absolute or co-
hesive strength, 1630—1632. Strength
of timbers in an inclined position, 1633
-1635.
Mechanics and statics, general observations
and definition, 1240-1249. Parallelo-
gram of forces, 1244-1259. Of the
lever, 1260-1265. Centre of gravity,
Centre of gravity of lines,
Centre of gravity of sur-
faces, 1275-1280. Centre of gravity of
solids, 1281-1290. Centre of gravity
of irregular solids, 1291, 1292. Of the
inclined plane, 1293-1306. Of the
wheel and axle, 1307-1814. Of the
pulley, 1815-1320. Of the wedge,
1321-1323. Of the screw, 1324—1390,
Of friction, 1331-1341. Values of
moving powers, 1342-1352.
Medicean Library at Florence, 2910.
Melrose Abbey, 431.
Melton Mowbray, parochial church of,
Melton, parochial church at, 398.
Members, what, 2129.
Memnonium, statues of, described, 85.
Menilmontant, abattoir of, at Paris, de-
scribed, 2935.
Mensuration, defined, 1212, 1213. To
find the area of a parallelogram, 1214.
To find the area of a triangle, 1215. To
find the area of a trapezoid, 1216. To
find the area of any trapezium, 1217.
To find the area of an irregular polygon,
1218. To find the area of a regular
polygon, 1219. To find the diameter
and circumference of a circle, 1220. To
find the length of any are of a circle,
1221. To find the area of a circle, 1222.
To find the area of a circular ring, 1223.
To find the area of the sector of a circle,
1224. To find the area of the segment
of a circle, 1225. To find the area of an
ellipse, 1227. To find the area of a
parabola or its segment, 1228. Of solids,
1229-1239. To find the superficies of
a prism, 1231. To find the surface of a
pyramid or cone, 1232. To find the
surface of the frustum of a pyramid or -
cone, 1233. To find the solid content of
any prism or cylinder, 1234. To find
the content of any pyramid or cone, 1235.
To find the solidity of the frustum of a
cone or pyramid, 1236. To find the sur-
face of a sphere or any segment, 1237.
To find the solidity of a sphere or globe,
1238. To find the solidity of a spherical
segment, 1239.
Merab, extraordinary reservoir of, 118.
Mereworth, in Kent, by Campbell, 504.
Mereworth, villa at, 3000.
Merton College Chapel, Oxford, 421.
Meta of the Roman circus, 240.
Metopæ, origin of, 135.
Meulan, Waultier de, employed on abbey
of Bec in Normandy, 310.
Mexican pyramids, 111, 112.
Mexico, city of, described generally, 117.
Mews, late at Charing Cross, arcade at,
2635.
Miao, or idol temples in Pekin and en-
virons, 104.
Michel Angelo, door by, 2740.
Michelozzo, pupil of Brunelleschi, 323.
Middleburg, in Yorkshire, 423.
Middleham Castle, 398.
Middle panels of a door, 2130.
Middle rails of a door, 2130.
Middle stiles of a door, 2130.
Milan, cathedral at, described, 318. 322.
Milan, hospital at, 2975.
Milan theatre, 2958—2967.
Military architecture, from Edward III. to
close of York and Lancaster contention,
413.
Milton Abbey, Dorset, conventual church
of, 407.
Minaret, introduced by Alwalid II., 119.
Minerva Medica, temple of, at Rome, 214.
Minerva Polias, Ionic temple of, at Athens,
Minerva Polias, Ionic temple of, at Priene,
Minerva, temple of, at Sunium, 150.
Ministers, English, care little about the
Mint, at Venice, by Sansovino, 351.
Minyas, king of Orchomenus, treasury of, 37.
Mitla, palace of, in the district of Oaxaca,
115.
Mitre box, 2122.
Mitre Square, 2124.
Modillions, centres of, 2612-2614.
Module, what, 2550.
Monianum of an amphitheatre, 228.
Mondragone, arcade at, by Vignola, 2640.
Montague House, now British Museum,
Montague House, Portman Square, by
Stuart, 516.
Montecchio Villa, cornice of, 2725.
Monument of London, 2603.
Monument of London, description of, and
cost, 486.
Monuments, sepulchral, of Elizabethan
architecture, 449. Of Ratcliffe, earl of
Surrey, ib. Of Dudley, earl of Leicester
at Warwick, ib. Of Carey, Lord Huns-
don, ib. Under James I., 453.
Mora, Giovanni Gomez de, succeeded
d'Herrera at the Escurial, 371.
Morard, abbot of St. Germain des Près,
289.
Morecroft, Dr., architect mentioned in
Salmon's account of Essex, 466.
Moresque or Arabian architecture, 118, et
seq., 272. Decline of, 128.
Mortar, 1852-1857. Mode of making,
1852. Blue, 1855. Ashes mortal,
1856. Scales of iron in, 1857. Liquid
or grout, 1860.
Mortar and plaster, adhesive power of, upon
stones and bricks, 1494-1499.
Mortar beds, should be thin, 1900.
Mortise gauge, 2120.
Morton Hall, representation of, 439.
Moscow, an insignificant village in 1154,
$75. Capital of the empire in 1304, ib.
Mosque, first erected out of the limits of
Arabia, 119.
Motion, centre of, 1241.
Mould, bricklayer's, 1890..
Mould Greswold, parochial church of, 421.
Mouldings in joinery, 2126-2129.
Mouldings, Roman, contours of, 268.
Mouldings, wood, value of labour of, 2368.
Mouldings, ovolo, echinus, or quarter
round, 2532. Talon or ogee, ib. Cyma,
cyma recta, or cymatium, ib.
Scotia or trochilos, ib,
Munich, Glyptotek and Pinacotek, 2918.
Museums, 2913, et seq.
That founded by
Ptolemy Philadelphus, 2913. Becoming
common in this country, 2914.
Mode
of lighting, 2915, 2916. Containing
several classes of objects, 2917. Vatican,
2918. British Museum, 2918. Uffizi
at Florence, ib. Portici, ib. Paris, ib.
At Munich, ib. Form for general dis-
tribution, 2919.
Mycena, walls of, were Cyclopean, 28. 30.
33, 34. Treasury at, 36.
Mylne, Robert, architect, temp. George
III., 521.
Nail head, ornament, 397.
Naked flooring, 2013. How measured, 2334.
Napoleon column, at Paris, 2603.
Naumann, a German architect, 366.
Nebuchadnezzar's prison, same as Birs
Nemroud, 40.
Nebule, ornament, 397.
Negative powers, resolved, 719-726.
Nerta Chabei, or temple of joy and eternity,
Netley Abbey, conventual church of, 407.
Neuman, a German architect, 365.
Neville, Sir Henry, house designed for, by
Thorpe, 440.
Newark-upon-Trent, parochial church of,
Newcastle, duke of, house for, in Lincoln's
Inn Fields, 465.
Newcastle-upon-Tyne Castle, 394. 398.
New College Chapel, Oxford, 421.
Newel of stone stairs, open and solid, 1926.
Newgate prison, built by Dance, 521.
New Grange, near Drogheda, in Ireland, 35.
New Shoreham, parochial church at, 398.
Niche, to form, in joinery, 2197.
Niches and statues, 2773, et seq.
not found in early Greek works, 2774.
At the Maison Carrée, and other
places, 2775. Their decorations, 2776.
Rules for proportioning, 2777. Tiers of,
in stories, 2778 Chambers's rules for
niches, 2779. Depth of, 2780. Examples
of, 2781-2787.
Niches, construction of, in carpentry, 2066,
2067.
Nidging, in masonry, 1915.
Nilometer, opposite the rocks of E'Sooan,
Nonsuch, Surrey, palace at, 426.
Norba, Cyclopean remains at, 32.
Norman and Saxon styles, difference be-
tween, 397.
Norman architecture, 383. 392, et seq.
Characteristics of, 397. Examples of,
Norman bishops, and their works, 396.
Norman cathedrals, 396.
Norman churches, 290.
Norman columns, 397. Arches, ib. Arehes
of entrance, ib. Windows, ib. Cielings,
ib. Walls, ib. Ornaments, ib. Plans, ib.
North Foreland lighthouse, 2931.
Northumberland House, by Chrismas and
Jansen, 442.
Norwich Castle, 393, 394.
Norwich Cathedral, 398. 421. Founders
and dimensions of, 434.
Nosing of stairs, 2180.
Notre Dame de bonnes Nouvelles, at Or-
leans, church of, 289.
Nottingham Castle, 423.
Nubia, temples and remains of, 92.
Nymphæa Lotus, or water-lily, source of
Egyptian ornament, 87.
Observatories, 2920, et seq. At Paris, 2920.
A regular observatory, what, 2921. That
at Edinburgh described, ib. Piers of,
how constructed, 2922. That of Sir
James South, ib. Situations of, should
be dry, 2923.
Observatory at Paris, built by Perrault, 359.
Octastyle temples, 2528, et seq.
Odilo, abbot, commenced cathedral at
Chartres, 289.
Odoacer, annihilation of the arts on invasion
of, 276-278.
Ecus of a Roman house, 252. Several
species of, ib. That called cyzicene, ib.
Œillet holes, at Carnarvon Castle, 402.
Offices of government. "See Government
Old Louvre, windows from, 2760.
Old Somerset House, ground plan, 440.
Olotzaga, an early architect of Biscay, 367.
Oppenheim, church at, dedicated to St.
Catherine, described, 304.
Orchestra, of a Roman theatre, 226. Of the
Greek theatre, 172.
Order, Tuscan. See" Tuscan Order." Doric,
see "Doric Order."
Orders above orders, 2642, et seq. Vitru-
vius thereon, 2643. Scamozzi's rule,
2644. Laws of solidity respecting, 2645.
Axes of upper and lower columns, how
placed, 2646. Disposition of, according
to Chambers, 2647, et seq. Doric above
Tuscan, 2648. Ionic above Doric, 2649.
Corinthian above Ionic, 2650. Com-
posite above Corinthian, 2651. Most
eligible intercolumniations, 2652.
Orders, character of the different, 2538, et
seq. Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian, 2539.
Sir Henry Wotton's description of them,
2540. Invention of new ones, 2541.
Entablatures, height of, in 2542.
Orders, mode of measuring them, 2550.
Application of, 2552,
Orders of architecture, 2523, et seq. Con-
sist of essential and subservient parts,
2523. Are five in number, ib. Mode of
profiling an order, ib. Lebrun's analysis
of loads and supports in an order, 2524.
Principles of proportion as to loads and
supports, 2525, et seq. Systylos inter-
columniation produced by such prin-
ciples, 2527. Principles of load and sup-
ports carried into tetrastyle, hexastyle,
and octastyle temples, 2528, et seq. Con-
cordance thereof with the laws given by
Vitruvius, 2529. Ancient examples of
different orders in verification of the
theory, 2531. Principles applied to
points of support, ib. Tuscan, 2553. Do-
ric, 2560. Ionic, 2573. Corinthian, 2582.
Composite, 2591.
Orgagna, loggia of, at Florence, plan and
elevation, 327.
Oriel window, where used in halls, 415.
Orleans, churches at, 289.
Ornament, a non-essential in architecture,
2826.
Ornamented English architecture, 409, et
seq. Subdivided into two æras, 410.
Flourished notwithstanding civil wars,
411. Characteristics of, 420. Examples
of, 421.
Ornaments of mouldings, how to arrange,
2535. How to be cut, 2536. Degree
of relief they should have, 2537.
Ornaments of the Grecian edifices suitable
to their destination, 164.
Orvieto, cathedral at, 318.
Osterley House, date and founder, 446.
Anecdote relating to, 447.
Ostiarius, of a Roman house, where sta-
tioned, 246.
Osymandyas, tomb of, according to Dio-
dorus, 85.
Outline, the fundamental principle of draw-
ing, 2386.
Outside linings of sash frames, 2147.
Outside stiles of a door, 2130.
Ovens, &c., how measured, 2314.
Ovolo, 2129. Echinus or quarter round,
Oxford Castle, 394. 398.
Oxford, palace at, 423.
Oxford, public schools of, designed by
Holte, 444. First who introduced the
classical orders, 444, 451.
Packing, in masonry, 1921.
Palmyra, extraordinary structures at, 196,
197. Niches at, 2775.
Pandolfini Palace, cornice of, 2725. Win-
dow, at 2767.
Pandolfini, Palazzo, at Florence, 329. Ele-
vation of, ib.
Pandoo Koolies, of Hindostan, what, 12.
Panels of a door, 2130.
Pansa, house of, at Pompeii, description
and plan, 253.
Pantheon at Rome, 262. 2547. Lighted
from a very small aperture, 2747.
Pantheon, niches at, 2775. 2779. 2787.
Pantheon of the Escurial, sepulchres of
kings of Spain, 371.
Pantheon or church of St. Généviève at
Paris, 361.
Pantheon, Paris, points of support of, 1581.
Pantheon, temple so called at Rome, 215,
Pantiles, table of the number required for
a given quantity of work, 2321.
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