Definitions.- -1. Taut, tight. 10. Eleat, a piece of wood employed on ships to lead ropes through. Its most common form is that of a piece of wood having two arms, and fastened by the middle to some part of the vessel, as a mast. 14. Be lay', to make fast, as a rope, by taking several turns with it round a cleat.

NOTES..—1. Open one point, directions for sailing, referring to the

compass.

2. Fire Island Head, on the south shore of Long Island, New York. 3. Eight bells: bells are struck every half hour.

76. THE TOILER.

THOMAS CARLYLE (1795-1881) was born in Scotland. He was not distinguished at school or college for scholarly acquirements, probably by reason of his unfortunate temper, which was a drawback to him all his life. Sartor Resartus, from which this selection is taken, is his most thoughtful work, though every thing he wrote had a purpose and a lesson in it. Carlyle was the most potent force in the world of letters during his long career. He was

a writer of vast powers, and battled stoutly for the practical aspect of life devoid of all romance. His style was vigorous, but at times stilted and obscure. Probably no man was more talked of, criticised, and honored than Thomas Carlyle.

I. Two men I honor, and no third. First, the toil-worn craftsman, that with earth-made implement laboriously conquers the earth, and makes her man's. Venerable to me is the hard hand, crooked, coarse, wherein, notwithstanding, lies a cunning virtue, indefeasibly royal, as of the scepter of this planet. Venerable, too, is the rugged face, all weathertanned, besoiled, with its rude intelligence; for it is the face of a man living man-like.

2. Oh, but the more venerable for thy rudeness, and even because I must pity as well as love thee! Hardly-entreated brother! For us was thy back so bent, for us were thy straight limbs and fingers so deformed. Thou wert our con

script, on whom the lot fell, and fighting our battles, wert so marred.

3. For on thee, too, lay a God-created form, but it was not to be unfolded; encrusted must it stand with the thick adhesions and defacement of labor; and thy body, like thy soul, was not to know freedom. Yet toil on, toil on; thou art in thy duty, be out of it who may; thou toilest for the altogether indispensable,—for daily bread.

4. A second man I honor, and still more highly; him who is seen toiling for the spiritually indispensable; not daily bread, but the bread of life. Is not he, too, in his duty; endeavoring towards inward harmony; revealing this, by act or word, through all his outward endeavors, be they high or low? Highest of all, when his outward and his inward endeavor are one; when we can name him artist; not earthly craftsman only, but inspired thinker, that with heaven-made implement conquers heaven for us!

5. If the poor and humble toil that we may have food, must not the high and glorious toil for him, in return, that he may have light and guidance, freedom, immortality ?—these two, in all their degrees, I honor; all else is chaff and dust, which let the wind blow whither it listeth.

6. Unspeakably touching is it, however, when I find both dignities united; and he, that must toil outwardly for the lowest of man's wants, is also toiling inwardly for the highest. Sublimer in this world know I nothing than a peasant saint, could such a one now anywhere be met with. Such a one will take thee back to Nazareth itself; thou wilt see the splendor of heaven spring forth from the humblest depths of earth like a light shining in great darkness.

Definitions.—I. În de fea'şi bly, in a manner not to be made void or rendered valueless. 2. Con'seript, one taken by lot and compelled to serve as a soldier or a sailor. 4. In dis pěn ́sa ble, impossible to be omitted or spared; absolutely necessary. mor tǎl'ity, unending existence; said of the soul.

5. Im

77. GOOD-BY.

ELIZA COOK (1818-18-), was born in London, England. She received a liberal education, and in 1849 commenced the publication of Eliza Cook's Journal, which she edited till ill-health compelled her to resign in 1854. Miss Cook published Diamond Dust in 1865, among other volumes, and, though not indicating high poetic gifts, the simplicity of theme and treatment have endeared them to a large class of readers, as evinced by the numerous editions of her poems which have been issued.

1. FAREWELL! Farewell! is often heard
From the lips of those who part:
'Tis a whispered tone, 'tis a gentle word,
But it springs not from the heart.
It may serve for the lover's lay,
To be sung 'neath a summer sky;
But give me the lips that say

The honest words, "Good-by!"

2. Adieu! Adieu! may greet the ear
In the guise of courtly speech;
But when we leave the kind and dear,
'Tis not what the soul would teach.
Whene'er we grasp the hands of those
We would have forever nigh,

The flame of friendship burns and glows
In the warm, frank words, "Good-by!"

3. Go watch the pale and dying one,

When the glance has lost its beam-
When the brow is cold as the marble stone,
And the world a passing dream;

And the latest pressure of the hand,

The look of the closing eye,

Yield what the heart must understand—
A long, a last-“Good-by.”

ALT. V.-16.

78. WASHINGTON.

THEODORE PARKER (1810–1860) was born in Massachusetts. He received an excellent education, and at an early age became a minister of the Unitarian Church; but his extreme views led to his withdrawal from that body. He became an independent preacher and lecturer, and such was his zeal that his health speedily gave way. He died in Florence, Italy, where he had gone to recruit. Mr. Parker was interested in all matters pertaining to reform, and he aided various causes with great force and effect. He was also popular as a lecturer. His published works include most of his later sermons, addresses, and essays.

1. IN his person, Washington was six feet high, and rather slender. His limbs were long; his hands were uncommonly large, his chest broad and full, his head was exactly round, and the hair brown in manhood, but gray at fifty; his forehead rather low and retreating, the nose large and massy, the mouth wide and firm, the chin square and heavy, the cheeks full and ruddy in early life. His eyes were blue and handsome, but not quick or nervous. He required spectacles to read with at fifty. He was one of the best riders in the United States, but, like some other good riders, awkward and shambling in his walk. He was stately in his bearing, reserved, distant, and apparently haughty.

2. Shy among women, he was not a great talker in any company, but a careful observer and listener. He read the natural temper of men, but not always aright. He seldom smiled. He did not laugh with his face, but in his body, and, while calm above, below the diaphragm his laughter was copious and earnest. Like many grave persons, he was humorous stories. He had negro

fond of jokes, and loved

story-tellers to regale him with fun and anecdotes at Mount Vernon. He was not critical about his food, but fond of tea. He took beer or cider at dinner, and occasionally wine. He hated drunkenness, gaming, and tobacco. He had a hearty love of farming and of private life.

3. There was nothing of the politician in him,—no particle of cunning. He was one of the most industrious of men. Not an elegant or accurate writer, he yet took great pains with style, and after the Revolution carefully corrected the letters he had written in the time of the French War, more than thirty years before.

4. He was no orator, like Jefferson, Franklin, Madison, and others, who had great influence in American affairs. He never made a speech. The public papers were drafted for him, and he read them when the occasion came.

5. It has been said Washington was not a great soldier; but certainly he created an army out of the roughest materials, out-generaled all that Britain could send against him, and in the midst of poverty and distress, organized victory. He was not brilliant and rapid. He was slow, defensive, victorious. He made "an empty bag stand upright," which Franklin says is "hard."

6. Some men command the world, or hold its admiration by their ideas or by their intellect. Washington had neither original ideas nor a deeply-cultured mind. He commands. by his integrity, by his justice. He loved power by instinct, and strong government by reflective choice. Twice he was made Dictator, with absolute power, and never abused the awful and despotic trust. The monarchic soldiers and civilians would make him king. He trampled on their offer, and went back to his fields of corn at Mount Vernon.

7. Washington is the first man of his type: when will there be another? As yet the American rhetoricians do not dare tell half his excellence; but the people should not complain.

8. Cromwell1 is the greatest Anglo-Saxon who was ever a ruler on a large scale. In intellect he was immensely superior to Washington; in integrity, immeasurably below him. For one thousand years no king in Christendom has shown such greatness, or gives us so high a type of manly virtue.