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the Familiar Colloquies,' first published in Latin in 1519, but not translated into English until 1671, or sixty-two years after the date of the play. Erasmus wrote:

« Velut irrepens in animos adolescentium quos recte scripsit Aristoteles inidoneus ethica philosophia" (young persons whom Aristotle accounted not to be fit auditors of moral philosophy).

Following is a group of parallelisms on the subtle connection between Secrecy and Trust.

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In the second edition of the Advancement' (De Augmentis), Bacon rewrote the above sentence thus:

"Taciturnity induceth trust, so that men like to deposit their secrets there."

Again:

"The silent man hears everything, for everything can be safely communicated to him."

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It will be noticed that this train of thought, abstruse and peculiar, appears in the 'Advancement of Learning' (1605), 'Troilus and Cressida' (1609), De Augmentis (1622), and the Essays (1625).

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This is a variation of the same theme as above (secrecy and trust). Bacon thus reverts to it in the De Augmentis :

"The second [rule] is to keep a discreet temper and mediocrity both in liberty of speech and in secrecy; in most cases using liberty, but secrecy when the occasion requires it."

Even this variation duly appears in both authors.

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BEHAVIOR, A GARMENT

From Shake-speare

"How oddly he is suited! I think he bought his doublet in Italy, his round hose in France, his bonnet in Germany, and his behaviour everywhere."

Merchant of Venice, i. 2 (1600).

From Bacon

"Behaviour is but a garment." – Letter to Rutland (1596).

In the play behavior is regarded as a part of one's apparel or suit, concerning which Bacon wrote at greater length in the 'Advancement':

"Behaviour seemeth to me as a garment of the mind, and to have the conditions of a garment. For it ought to be made in fashion; it ought not to be too curious; it ought to be shaped so as to set forth any good making of the mind and hide any deformity; and above all, it ought not to be too straight or restrained for exercise or motion.".

Book ii.

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Both authors seem to have taken special delight in this curious play upon the words early and late as applied to the hours after midnight. In 'Twelfth Night' Shakespeare says:

"To be up after midnight and to go to bed then, is early."-ii. 3. Again, in 'Romeo and Juliet':

"Is she not down so late, or up so early?" - iii. 5.

So, also, in the 'Promus,' written almost simultaneously with Romeo and Juliet,' we find this double entry:

"Late rising,
Early rising."

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"So full of artless jealousy is guilt, It spills itself in fearing to be spilt."

Hamlet, iv. 5 (1604).

FEAR

"Nothing is fearful but fear itself."- Letter to Rutland (1596). "Nothing is to be feared but fear itself." Essex Device (c. 1592).

The principle of this grand aphorism in 'Hamlet' is expressed many times in Bacon's prose writings, that fear is the most terrible foe of mankind.

"Nothing is terrible but fear."
"Fears make devils of cherubins.".

De Augmentis.

Troilus and Cressida.

"Of all base passions, fear is most accursed.”—1 Henry VI.

In 'Hamlet,' as above, the sentiment is applied to the extreme case of a criminal. The germ of the thought is in Virgil, who tells us that to become exempt from all fear one must know the causes of things, and that such knowledge is happiness.

Our attention was first called to this aphorism by the Rev. William R. Alger of Boston, one of the keenest intellects New England has produced.

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The sentiment, which Bacon condemns and which Shakespeare confesses as a weakness, that men cannot properly take pleasure in anything because in the mutability of human affairs they must be in constant anticipation of its loss, is thus re-stated in the second edition of the Advancement' (1623):

"Do we not often see minds so constituted as to take great delight in present pleasures and yet endure the loss of those

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