yards, 65, is therefore first divided by 4, quoting 16 and 1 over, which is 1 fourth part of a pound, or 5sh; then 65 is divided by 8, the aliquot part corresponding to 2sh. 6d. quoting 8 and 1 over, equal to 2sh. 6d: and these two quotients together give £ 24.. 7 .. 6, for the price required. yards 6d. is 1 half. 65 7 4.55/ 48.7 6 £24 7 .. 6 The same answer would be obtained in working by the aliquot part of a shilling as in the margin, where the yards 65 are multiplied by 7, the shillings in the price of 1 yard, and taking 32sh. 6d. the half of 65 shillings, corresponding to the odd 6d. in the price, which is the half of a shilling. What is the worth of 5 pieces of cloth, each containing 1..7.. 8. per yard? 23 yards, at Here, to find the number of yards to be purchased, multiply the yards in each piece by 5, the number of pieces; and then multiply the product 115 by 27, the shillings in the given price, giving 3105sh; to which add twice 38sh. 4d. the aliquot parts for the 115 yards, corresponding to the two two 4 pences, or 8d, in the price; and the sum £159 .. 1 .. 8 will be the value required. Required the price of 36 tuns 15cwt. 3qrs. of sugar at 2d. OF DEDUCTIONS ON WEIGHT, &c. When goods or merchandize are weighed in the box, cask or other package, the amount is called the Gross weight: and proper allowances being made for these packages, the remainder is called the neat or nett weight: this allowance is called the Tare, and is usually calculated at the rate of so much on the 100lbr. Tret is another kind of allowance, granted on certain goods which are liable to lose their weight or measure by keeping, that it may be complete when the goods are resold. Draught is also an allowance granted to turn the scale in favour of the purchaser. All these allow ances are computed as in the following examples: Required the nett weight of 26cwt. 3qrs. 16lbr. allowance for tare being made at 16lbr. per cwt. As take the seventh part of the gross weight 26cwt. 3qrs. 16lbr., which is 3cwt. 3qrs. 10lbr. 44 ounces for the Tare, and subtracting this quantity from the gross weight we have 23cwt. Oqrs. 5lbr. 113oz. for the nett weight. Again, required the Tret upon 36cwt. 1qr. 18lbr. at 4lbr. on the 104lbr. In this case the rate of Tret being as 4lbr. to 104lbr. we multiply the gross weight by 4, and divide the product by 104 to have the quantity to be allowed: but as 4 is the 26th part of 104, the same result may be obtained more speedily by dividifig the given gross weight at once by 26. OF INTEREST. By interest is meant the allowance made by the borrower of a sum of money to the lender, for the use of that money, and it is computed at the rate of so much for the £ 100, for a whole year. The highest rate allowed by the Laws of this country is £5, for £100, per annum, and proportionally for any other sum, and for any other period of time. The Interest may therefore be calculated by Simple or compound Proportion, in the manner already shown: but for practice shorter methods are convenient, such as to divide the given principal by the number expressing what part of £ 100 is the given interest; for instance, in computing the interest of any sum at £ 5 on 100, or, as it is usually written and expressed, 5 per centum, we have only to divide the principal by 20, because 5 is the twentieth part of 100. In the same way for 4 per cent. we divide the principal by 25, because 25 times 4 are 100. Example. What is the interest of £768.. 13.. 4, for 1 year, at 5 per centum ? Working first by the rule of Proportion we say, if 100 gain 5, in a given time, what will £ 768 .. 13 .. 4 gain in the same time; and the result is £ 38 .. 8 8: but as 5 is the twentieth part of 100, the operation will be abridged by merely taking the twentieth part of the principal, as here shown, and the same result will be obtained. Again, required the interest of £ 365, for 3 months, at 44 £ Sh. d. 100)32 850(16.. 8.. 6. Interest for 12 months 16..8 12 £4.. 2.. 1 Interest for 3 months. 600 Here the proportion is as £100 to 4.. 10, (equal to 4 per cent.) so 365 to a fourth proportional; the middle term being reduced to shillings is multiplied by the given 2 H 2 principal 4 |