DISTEMPERATURE-DO.

131

distemperature we see The seasons alter-And through this, ii. 277: Here distemperature is explained by Steevens "perturbation of the elements," by Malone "the perturbed state in which the king and queen had lived for some time past."

distill'd Almost to jelly, vii. 113: see note 16, vii. 215. distinctly, separately: would I flame distinctly, i. 183.

distractions, detachments: His power went out in such distractions,

vii. 550.

distrain, to seize (with no reference to rent or debt): distrain the one, distain the other, v. 452; My father's goods are all distrain'd, iv. 138; Hath here distrain'd the Tower to his use, v. 16: see note 123, v. 476.

distraught, distracted, v. 406; vi. 455.

diverted blood, blood turned out of its natural course, iii. 24. dividable, divided, distant from each other, vi. 19.

dividant, "divisible" (CAPELL), "different, separate" (Johnson's Dict.), "divided” (WALKER), vii. 550.

divided councils, v. 397: "That is, a private consultation, separate from the known and public council. So, in the next scene, Hastings says, 'Bid him not fear the separated councils'" (JOHNSON): "Mr. Reed has shown from Hall's Chronicle that this circumstance is founded on historical fact. But Holinshed, Hall's copyist, was our author's authority" (MALONE). division, variations in music: Sung. . . . With ravishing division, to her lute, iv. 252; the lark makes sweet division, vi. 443. (“To divide. To make divisions in music, which is, the running a simple strain into a great variety of shorter notes to the same modulation." Nares's Gloss.)

do him dead, kill him, v. 249.

do me right, do me justice, ii. 133 (as a challenge to fight); iv. 395 (as a challenge to drink a bumper).

do you justice, "drink as much as you do" (STEEVENS), vii. 406: compare the preceding article.

do withal-I could not, I could not help it, ii. 392. (“I can nat do withall, a thyng lyeth nat in me, or I am nat in faulte that a thyng is done." Palsgrave's Lesclarcissement de la Lang. Fr. 1530, fol. clxxx. verso (Table of Verbes):

"Char. Such was the rigour of your desteny.

Cl. Such was my errour and obstinacie.

Ch. But since Gods would not, could you do withall?"

The Tragedie of Antonie. Doone into English [from the French of Garnier] by the Countesse of Pembroke, 1595, sig. B 8:

"But I intreat them, since it must befall,

They would be patient: who can doe withall?"

Wither's Abuses Stript and Whipt,—Sorrow, sig. K, ed. 1613:

"Why, if you do not vnderstand (said Sancho), I cannot do withall.” Shelton's transl. of Don Quixote, Part Second, p. 40, ed. 1620:

The following passage of Mabbe's translation of Aleman's Guzman de Alfarache has just been pointed out to me by Mr. Bolton Corney; "I pray bee not angry that I came no sooner, I was very busie, I could not doe withall, I came as soone as I could." Part First, p. 18, ed. 1623.)

doff, to do off, to put off, iii. 145; iv. 32, 274; vi. 90, 411; vii. 59. dog-As dank here as a, iv, 224: see note 34, iv. 293.

dog-apes, dog-faced baboons, iii. 28.

dogs of war-The, vi. 654: Mean, it would certainly seem, "Famine, Sword, and Fire:" compare, in King Henry V. Chorus to act i.

"at his heels,

Leash'd-in like hounds, should famine, sword, and fire,
Crouch for employment:"

and, in the First Part of King Henry VI. act iv. sc. 2,

"You tempt the fury of my three attendants,

Lean famine, quartering steel, and climbing fire.”

dole, dolour, grief : dreadful dole, ii. 319; pitiful dole, iii. 12; delight and dole, vii. 108; dole and woe, viii. 35; Our dole, viii. 136. dole, a dealing, an allotment, distribution: dole of honour, iii. 234 ; dole of blows, iv. 319: and see Happy man be his dole.

dolour and dollar, quibbled on : Dolour comes to him, indeed, i. 193; To three thousand dolours a year, i. 448; as many dolours for thy daughters, vii. 285.

dolphin or dog-fish, v. 20: "It should be remembered, that, in Shakespeare's time, the word dauphin was always written dolphin" (STEEVENS).

don, to do on, to put on, vi. 228; donn'd, vii. 181, 514.

done, destroyed, consumed: they meet where both their lives are done,

v. 58; The life thou gav'st me first was lost and done, v. 62; wasted, thaw'd, and done, viii. 264; as soon decay'd and done, viii. 288; spent and done, viii. 439.

done to death, put to death, killed, ii. 140; v. 254.

dotant, a dotard, vi. 223.

double, deceitful (with a quibble): Swear by your double self, ii.

414.

double-fatal yew-Bows Of, iv. 145: "Called double-fatal, because the leaves of the yew are poison, and the wood is employed for instruments of death" (WARBURTON).

double man-I am not a, "I am not Falstaff and Percy together, though having Percy on my back, I seem double" (JOHNSON), iv.

double vouchers, his recoveries-His, vii. 195: "A recovery with double voucher is the one usually suffered, and is so denominated from two persons (the latter of whom is always the common cryer, or some such inferior person) being successively voucher, or called upon, to warrant the tenant's title. Both fines and recoveries are fictions of law, used to convert an estate tail into a fee-simple" (RITSON).

doubt, fear and depos'd 'Tis doubt he will be, iv. 155.

doubt, to fear: That love the fundamental part of state More than you doubt the change on't, vi. 184: "The meaning is, 'You whose zeal predominates over your terrors; you who do not so much fear the danger of violent measures, as wish the good to which they are necessary, the preservation of the original constitution of our government" (JOHNSON).

doucets, the testes of a deer, viii. 168.

dout, to do out, to put out, to extinguish: dout them with superfluous courage, iv. 478; this folly douts it, vii. 192.

Dowland, viii. 457: John Dowland, the famous lutenist, was born in 1562. Being of a rambling disposition, he lived much abroad, and so, it seems, lost many opportunities of advancing his fortunes. He was, for a time, lutenist to the King of Denmark, who had begged him of King James. It appears that he died, in England, in 1615. See Hawkins's Hist. of Music, vol. iii. pp. 323-6, where will be found an account of his publications.

(“For, as an old, rude, rotten, tune-lesse Kit,
If famous Dowland daign to finger it,

Makes sweeter Musick then the choicest Lute

In the grosse handling of a clownish Brute," &c.

Sylvester's Du Bartas,―The Imposture, p. 91, ed. 1641.) dowle that's in my plume—One, i. 216: That here dowle means "feather" or "particle of down in a feather," is surely plain enough; and the word occurs in early writers applied to other similar substances: but Horne Tooke maintains, against the commentators on Shakespeare, that dowle (or doule, dole, deal, dell) means merely a part, piece, or portion; and such perhaps may have been the original meaning of the word. (I find the rare verb bedowl in An Eclogue by Davies, appended to Browne's Shepheards Pipe;

"What though time yet hannot bedowld thy chin?"

Sig. м 2, ed. 1620.)

down-gyved, "hanging down like the loose cincture which confines the fetters round the ancles" (STEEVENS), vii. 130.

drabbing, following loose women, vii. 128.

draff, the refuse of any sort of food, (in the north of England and in Scotland) brewers' grains, i. 397; iv. 268.

134

DRAUGHT-DRUGS.

draught, a jakes: Sweet draught, vi. 82; drown them in a draught, vi. 568.

draw, to draw open, to undraw; draw the curtain straight, ii. 374 ; draws a curtain, iv. 265.

draw, as we do the minstrels—I will bid thee, ii. 132: According to Malone, the allusion is to the minstrels drawing the bows of their fiddles; according to Mr. Collier, to their drawing their instruments out of the cases.

draw thy action, withdraw thy action, iv. 333.

drawn, having one's sword drawn: Why are you drawn? i. 201; if he be not drawn! iv. 435; art thou drawn among these heartless hinds? vi. 390 (whether who having drawn to do it, viii. 67, means "who having drawn his sword to do it," or "whom she having persuaded to do it," has been disputed: I think, the former). drawn fox-No more truth in thee than in a, iv. 261: An allusion to the subtlety of the fox, which when drawn, i. e. traced out by the scent and driven from cover, hunted, was supposed to have recourse to all sorts of artifices in order to escape from his pursuers. drawn of heaviness-The purse too light being, vii. 720: “Drawn is embowelled, exenterated. So in common language a fowl is said to be drawn when its intestines are taken out" (STEEVENS). draws dry-foot: see counter, and yet, &c.

dreadfully, with dread: apprehends death no more dreadfully but as a drunken sleep, i. 497.

dress, to prepare, to make ready: dress us fairly for our end, iv. 469 : being drest to some oration, vi. 21.

dribbling dart of love-The, i. 452: "A dribber, in archery, was a term of contempt which perhaps cannot be satisfactorily explained. Ascham, in his Toxophilus, edit. 1589, p. 32, observes; '— if he give it over, and not use to shoote truly, &c. he shall become of a fayre archer a starke squirter and dribber'" (STEEVENS): according to Mr. Collier, "dribbed is the contrary of point-blank." drink the air, i. 229: "An expression of swiftness, of the same kind as 'to devour the way' in King Henry IV." (Johnson).

drink the free air—Through him, “catch his breath in affected fondness" (JOHNSON), "breathe freely at his will only" (WAKEFIELD), vi. 509.

drollery, a puppet-show: A living drollery (a puppet-show represented by living persons), i. 215.

drollery, a picture or sketch of some scene of low humour: a pretty slight drollery, iv. 333.

drugs, drudges: the passive drugs of it, vi. 557: see note 166, vi. 599.

DRUM-DUDGEON.

135

drum so lost!—A, iii. 253: “We shall not fully understand Parolles" simulated distress at the loss of the drum, without we remember that the drums of the regiments of his day were decorated with the colours of the battalion. It was therefore equivalent to the loss of the flag of the regiment,-a disgrace all good soldiers deeply feel" (FAIRHOLT).

VTION.

drum before the English tragedians—The, iii. 268: By which they used to give notice of their arrival in any town where they intended to perform.

Drum's entertainment — John, iii. 253; Good Tom Drum, iii. 285: "Tom or John Drum's entertainment. A kind of proverbial expression for ill-treatment, probably alluding originally to some particular anecdote. Most of the allusions seem to point to the dismissing of some unwelcome guest, with more or less of ignominy and insult." Nares's Gloss. (A once-popular play, entitled Jack Drum's Entertainment, &c. was first printed in 1601.)

drumble, to be slow and sluggish, to go lazily or awkwardly about a thing, i. 384.

dry he was for sway-So, So thirsty he was for sway, i. 180.

dry, sir—It's, iii. 332: "Maria intends to insinuate, that it is not a lover's hand, a moist hand being vulgarly accounted a sign of an amorous constitution" (JOHNSON): see buttery-bar, &c.

dub me knight, iv. 395: This refers to the custom of persons drinking,

on their knees, a large draught of wine or other liquor, in consequence of which they were said to be dubbed knights, and retained the title for the evening.

duckdame, iii. 29 (four times): The attempts made to explain this "burden" are, I think, alike unsatisfactory.

dudgeon gouts of blood-On thy blade and, vii. 22: Here dudgeon means simply "haft or handle :" Gifford, speaking of the variety in the hafts of daggers, observes; "The homeliest was that à roëlles, a plain piece of wood with an orbicular rim of iron for a guard the next, in degree, was the dudgeon, in which the wood was googed out in crooked channels, like what is now, and perhaps was then, called snail-creeping." Note on Jonson's Works, vol. v. p. 221: In the same note dudgeon is explained "wooden ;" and (not to quote writers who are less explicit on this point) Bishop Wilkins in the Alphabetical Dictionary appended to his Essay towards a Real Character, &c. 1668, gives

Richardson, however, denies that dudgeon means either "wooden"