Southwark were under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Winchester. wicked dew as e'er my mother brush'd With raven's feather, &c.—As, i. 187 Here, of course, wicked must be explained "baneful:" but see note 29, i. 240: The following passage in Batman uppon Bartholome his booke De proprietatibus rerum, 1582, folio, will not only throw considerable light on these lines, but furnish at the same time grounds for a conjecture that Shakspeare was indebted to it, with a slight alteration, for the name of Caliban's mother Sycorax the witch. [?] 'The raven is called corvus of CORAX it is said that ravens birdes be fed with deaw of heaven all the time that they have no black feathers by benefite of age.' Lib. xii. c. 10. The same author will also account for the choice which is made, in the monster's speech, of the South-west wind. [?] This Southern wind is hot and moyst.. Southern winds corrupt and destroy; they heat and maketh men fall into sicknesse.' Lib. xi. c. 3" (Douce): "Her [Sycorax's] name, I suppose it has been remarked before, is Greek. Psychorrhagia is the death-struggle; and Psychorrhax may be translated' heartbreaker' (yuxoppń¿)” [?] (W. W. LLOYD). wide, wide of the mark: so wide of (deviating from) his own respect, i. 376; that he doth speak so wide, ii. 119; you are wide, vi. 45; Still, still, far wide, vii. 331; You're wide, viii. 162. .... wide o' the bow-hand, a good deal to the left of the mark, ii. 191. widow, to endow with a widow's right, i. 518. widowhood, estate settled on a widow, iii. 132. wife-Damn'd in a fair, vii. 376: see note 6, vii. 471. wight, a person, male or female, i. 353, 354; ii. 167; iv. 436; vii. 399 (twice), 406; viii. 6; wights, vi. 64. wild, rash, precipitate: in an act of this importance 'twere Most piteous to be wild, iii. 439; a wild dedication of yourselves To unpath'd waters, iii. 482. wild into his grave-My father is gone, iv. 392: "My father is gone wild into his grave, for now all my wild affections lie entombed with him; and I survive with his sober spirit and disposition, to disappoint those expectations the public have formed of me" (THEOBALD). wild horses' heels-Present me Death on the wheel or at, vi. 190: The 66 punishment of the wheel was not known at Rome; but we read of Mettius Tuffetius (miscalled Suffetius in Malone's note apud his Shakespeare, by Boswell, 1821) being torn asunder by quadriga driven in opposite directions: 'However, as Shakespeare has coupled this species of punishment with another that certainly was unknown to ancient Rome, it is highly probable that he was not apprized of the story of Mettius Suffetius [sic], and that in this, as in various other instances, the practice of his own time was in his thoughts; for in 1594 John Chastel had been thus executed in 502 WILD-GOOSE-WINCHESTER-GOOSE. France for attempting to assassinate Henry the Fourth" (MALONE): "Shakespeare might have found mention of this punishment in our ancient romances. Thus, in The Sowdon of Babyloyne,” &c. (STEEVENS): (Compare too, "Zef ony Crystyn be so hardy his [i.e. Mahownde's] feyth to denye, Or onys to erre ageyns his lawe; On gebettys with cheynes I xal hangyn hym heye, And with wylde hors the traytorys xal I drawe." 'King Herod,' in The Coventry Mysteries, p. 290, ed. Shak. Soc.) wild-goose chase-The, vi. 419: "One kind of horse-race, which resembled the flight of wild-geese, was formerly known by this name. Two horses were started together; and whichever rider could get the lead, the other was obliged to follow him over whatever ground the foremost jockey chose to go. That horse which could distance the other won the race. . . . This barbarous sport is enumerated by Burton, in his Anatomy of Melancholy, as a recreation much in vogue in his time among gentlemen: 'Riding of great horses, running at ring, tilts and turnaments, horse-races, wild-goose chases, are the disports of great men.' P. 266, edit. 1632, fol." (HOLT WHITE). wilderness, wildness, wild growth: such a warpèd slip of wilderness, i. 480. wildly, disorderly: How wildly, then, walks my estate in France, iv. 53: see walks my estate, &c. wild-mare-Rides the: see mare-Rides, &c. wilful-blame-Too, iv. 251: see note 75, iv. 297. will doth mutiny with wit's regard-Where, "Where the will rebels against the notices of the understanding" (JOHNSON), iv. 123. William cook, William the cook, iv. 387: compare Robin Ostler. wimpled, hooded, veiled, blindfolded, ii. 187. Winchester-goose, v. 15: a cant term for a certain venereal sore, because the stews in Southwark were under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Winchester; to whom, in the present passage, Gloster tauntingly applies the term ("Poulain.... a botch in the groine, a Winchester Goose." Cotgrave's Fr. and Engl. Dict.: According to Mr. Collier, "there is no necessary reference to it in the text:" but, though various words of reproach—such as lurdan, ribald, &c. &c.—were formerly used without any reference to their original significations, Winchester-goose (even if it had not been applied to the Bishop of Winchester) was too peculiar an expression to be ever employed as a general term of abuse. Gloster means here to taunt Winchester with his licentious life; he afterwards, v. 37, tells him; "Thou art a most pernicious usurer; Froward by nature, enemy to peace; Lascivious, wanton, more than well beseems WINCHESTER-WINDMILL. 503 Winchester-Some gallèd goose of, Some one suffering from the venereal disease, who would be galled by my words, vi. 100: see the preceding article. Wincot, the usual corruption of Wilmecote, a village near Stratford-upon-Avon (where our poet's maternal grandfather, Robert Arden, lived: see Memoir of Shakespeare, i. 16a), iii. 110; iv. 388. wind, to scent: if she wind you once, vi. 325. windgalls, iii. 144: "In the neighbourhood of the fetlock there are occasionally found considerable enlargements, oftener on the hind-leg than the fore-one, which are denominated wind-galls. Between the tendons and other parts, and wherever the tendons are exposed to pressure or friction, and particularly about their extremities, little bags or sacs are placed, containing and suffering to ooze slowly from them a mucous fluid to lubricate the parts. From undue pressure, and that most frequently caused by violent action and straining of the tendons, or, often, from some predisposition about the horse, these little sacs are injured. They take on inflammation, and sometimes become large and indurated. There are few horses perfectly free from them. When they first appear, and until the inflammation subsides, they may be accompanied by some degree of lameness; but otherwise, except when they attain a great size, they do not interfere with the action of the animal, or cause any considerable unsoundness. The farriers used to suppose that they contained wind-hence their name, wind-galls; and hence the practice of opening them, by which dreadful inflammation was often produced, and many a valuable horse destroyed. It is not uncommon for wind-galls entirely to disappear in aged horses." The Horse, by Youatt, p. 344, ed. 1848. " windmill in Saint George's field—The, iv. 359: It appears from the following passage in Churchyard's Dreame, a poem that makes part of the collection entitled his Chippes, 4to, 1578 [first ed., according to Ritson, 1565], that this windmill was a place of notoriety; And from the windmill this dreamd he, Where hakney horses hired be.'" (STEEVENS): "In Faithorne's Map of London, 1658; an engraving so rare, that only one perfect copy is known to exist, in the Royal Library at Paris; we see more of Southwark than in any of our early maps. It delineates the entire line of houses from London Bridge to their termination in St. George's fields, and shows the Windmill beyond them. Beyond St. George's Church; a single row of houses line the highway, with small gardens; bounded by a continuous ditch; a rail crosses the road where the houses end; and all is open land beyond; the roadway being marked by a line of palings on both sides. Judging from the apparent length of the houses here represented; and the present state of the same locality; they appear to have terminated about the spot where Suffolk and Trinity street[s] branch off Blackman street; and the Windmill must have stood between there and Horsemonger Lane; nearly opposite the present King's Bench Prison" (FAIRHOLT). window-In at the, iv. 9: A proverbial expression applied to illegitimate children: compare hatch-O'er the. window-bars-The, vi. 553: "the lattice of her chamber" (JOHNSON): "It is barely possible that Timon... might... mean by the window - bars the handkerchief which confined" the breasts (BOSWELL): "The cross-bars or lattice-work worn, as we see it in the Swiss women's dress, across the breasts. In modern times these bars have always a bodice of satin, muslin, or other material beneath them; at one period they crossed the nude bosom" (STAUNTON). window'd, placed in a window: Wouldst thou be window'd in great Rome, vii. 578. window'd, broken into openings: Your loop'd and window'd raggedness, vii. 299. wine-He calls for, &c. iii. 147: "The fashion of introducing a bowl of wine into the church at a wedding, to be drunk by the bride and bridegroom and persons present, was very anciently a constant ceremony; and, as appears from this passage, not abolished in our author's age [It was, in fact, then very common]. We find it practised at the magnificent marriage of Queen Mary and Philip, in Winchester Cathedral, 1554: 'The trumpets sounded, and they both returned... to their traverses in the quire... and there remayned untill masse was done; at which tyme wyne and sopes were hallowed and delyvered to [unto] them both.' Leland's Collect. Append. vol. iv. p. 400, edit. 1770" (T. WARTON): Muscadel (called also Muscadine) and hippocras were the usual beverages: cakes, too, were sometimes introduced. wine and sugar—Such, i. 367; to sweeten which name of Ned, I give thee this pennyworth of sugar, clapped even now into my hand by an under-skinker, iv. 233: In Shakespeare's time it was a common custom in England to mix sugar with wine (see p. 375 of the present Glossary): on the second of these passages Steevens observes; "It appears from the following passage in Look about You, 1600, and some others, that the drawers kept sugar folded up in papers, ready to be delivered to those who called for sack; but do you hear? [but heere ye, boy?] Bring sugar in white paper, not in brown.' Shakespeare might perhaps allude to a custom mentioned by Decker, in The Gul's Horn Book, 1609; 'Enquire what gallants sup in the next roome, and if they be any of your acquaintance, do not you (after the city fashion) send them in a pottle of wine, and your name sweetened in two pittiful papers of sugar, with some filthy apologie cram'd into the mouth of a drawer,' &c. [p. 159, reprint, 1812]." [Sig. F verso.] WINTER-GROUND-WISP. 505 winter-ground thy corse-To, vii. 702: "To winter-ground a plant is to protect it from the inclemency of the winter-season by straw, dung, &c. laid over it. This precaution is commonly taken in respect of tender trees or flowers, such as Arviragus, who loved Fidele, represents her to be" (STEEVENS). (In Sylvester's Du Bartas I find a similar compound to winter-ground; there the mower "Cuts-cross the swathes to winter-feed his farm." The Captaines, p. 187, ed. 1641.) winter's sisterhood—A nun of, iii. 49: By winter's sisterhood “Shakespeare meant an unfruitful sisterhood, which had devoted itself to chastity" (WARBURTON): "Shakespeare poetically feigns a new order of nuns, most appropriate to his subject" (Douce). wipe-A slavish, "The brand with which slaves were marked" (MALONE), viii. 302. wis-I: see I wis. wisdom cries out in the streets, and no man regards it, iv. 212: "Wisdom crieth without; she uttereth her voice in the streets. I have stretched out my hand, and no man regarded." Proverbs, i. 20, 24. wise fellow and had good discretion, that, being bid to ask what he would of the king, desired he might know none of his secrets—A, viii. 15: "Who this wise fellow was, may be known from the following passage in Barnabie Riche's Souldier's Wishe to Briton's Welfare, or Captaine Skill and Captaine Pill, 1604, p. 27; 'I will therefore commende the poet Philipides, who being demaunded by King Lisimachus, what favour he might doe unto him for that he loved him, made this answere to the king, that your majesty would never impart unto me any of your secrets" (STEEVENS). wise gentleman, equivalent to wise-acre, witling: "Certain," said she, "a wise gentleman," ii. 133. wise woman, was a term formerly applied to female impostors who dealt in fortune-telling, palmistry, the recovering of things lost, physic, &c.: the wise woman of Brentford, i. 404 (see Brentford, &c.); Carry his water to the wise woman, iii. 370. wish, to recommend: To wish him wrestle with affection, ii. 104; I will wish him to her father, iii. 117; And wish thee to a shrewd illfavour'd wife, iii. 122; When man was wish'd to love his enemies, vi. 563. wishful sight, longing sight, v. 272. wisp of straw were worth a thousand crowns, To make this shameless callet know herself—A, v. 261: "A wisp, or small twist, of straw or hay was often applied as a mark of opprobrium to an immodest woman, a scold, or similar offenders; even the showing it to a |