CAABA, the, cxxiv. 8; worship of,
attacked by Mahomet, 25; origin
of the worship, 232

Ça ira, the proverb identified, cxx.

330

Caballero, Fernan (pseudonym for

Cæcilia de Faber, b. 1797), her
revival of Spanish romance, cxiv.
100; her ultra-catholic tendencies,
102; pictures of Andalusian life,
106; La Gaviota,' 108-117; 'La
Familia de Alvareda,' 118-125
Cabinet, the, modern system of
responsibility to the House of
Commons, cxxvi. 561
Cabul, captured in 1866 by Azim
Khan, cxxv. 27

Cacault (M.), his negotiations for a
Concordat with Pius VII., cxxviii.
456

Cadamosto (Venetian merchant), his
explorations of Africa in 1455,
cxxviii. 220
Cadastral survey of Great Britain,
cxviii. 378; the cadastral scale,
ib.; recommended by the com-
mittee of 1862, ib.; mass of blue
books on the question, 379; a
cadastral distinguished from a
topographical map, ib.; progress
of triangulation, 380, 383; fixing
of theodolites, 384; measurement
of the base, 385; compensation
bars, ib.; the heliostat, 386; tests
of accuracy in triangulation, 387;
conference at Brussels on cadastres,
390; controversy in Parliament,
391; vote for the cadastral survey
refused, ib.; report of Lord Bury's
committee, 392; process of con-
structing a cadastral map, 393;
abours and perils of surveyors,
394, 395; tracing the 25-inch
plan, 396; photozincography, ib.;
reduction of the scale, 397; the

plates electrotyped, ib.; question
of expense, 398; waste of money
from want of uniform triangula-
tion, ib. 399; economy of the
cadastral system, 400; expenses
limited to preliminary triangula-
tion, ib.; uncertainty of annual
grants, ib.; general advantages of
cadastral maps, 403; illogical op-
position in Parliament, ib.; future
prospects, 404. See Drummond,
Thomas

Cæsar (Caius Julius, B.C. 100-43),
his character, cxv. 470; wrongly
compared to Cromwell, 471; his
rule an hereditary despotism, 472

his description of the Druids,
cxviii. 40; simplicity of his style,
42; his careless notice of 'barba-
rian' social life, ib.

his system of ciphers, cxxiv.
355; History of, by Napoleon III.,
399; authenticity of his Commen-
taries, 403 note; the antitype of
Cicero, 415; his conduct to Cicero
during the first Triumvirate, 416;
complicity in Catiline's conspiracy,
418 note; his camps in Gaul, 424;
his scanty knowledge of Britain,
425; probably embarked at Bou-
logne, 426; his landing-place, 427;
his passage of the Thames, 428,
430; his cruelty to the Veneti,
431; his deportation of captive
slaves to Rome, 432

his plans for the reconstruc-
tion of the commonwealth, cxxix.
84

Cæsars, palace of the, at Rome,
cxviii. 361

Cagliostro (Alexandre, Comte de,
1745-1795), his personal appear-
ance, cxxv. 307; intimacy with
Madame de Lamotte, 308
Caird (Mr. James), his pamphlet on

the Irish land question, cxxxi.
281, 282

Cairnconan (Angus), Pict's house at,
cxx. 316

Calas (Jean), judicial murder of, in

1762, cxxxviii. 217

Calhoun (Mr. J.), his views of

Federal Government in America,
cxiii. 574

California, gold mining in, cxvii. 87

varieties of pines in (see
Coniferous Trees); solemn charac-
ter of tree-scenery in, cxx. 368

splendid climate of, cxxix.460
Caligula (Caius Cæsar, 12-41), his

palace at Rome, cxxxv. 308
Callisthenes, his stellar observations
sent from Babylon, cxxv. 119
Calmar, Union of (1397), cxxxiv.
245, 247

Calverley(C.S.), his 'Ode to Tobacco,'
cxxiv. 268

his light verse compared to
'Rejected Addresses,' cxl. 382
Calvin (John, 1509–1564), his doc-
trine of the observance of Sunday,
cxiv. 539

compared with St. Louis,
cxxxi. 122; Lives of, 123; parent-
age and education, 124; forsakes
theology for the law, ib. ; his com-
mentary on Seneca's de Clementiâ,
126; his Lutheran oration at
Paris, ib.; a fugitive, 127; intro-
duced to Erasmus at Basle, 128;
his Introductio Christianæ Reli-
gionis,' b.; supports predestination
and the absolute infallibility of
Scripture, ib.; visit to the Duchess
of Ferrara, 129; arrival at Geneva,
132; associated with Farel, ib.;
his Confession of Faith,' 133;
his severe discipline at Geneva,
134; his system opposed, 135;
disputes on ritual, ib.; expelled,
ib.; removal to Strasburg, 136;
views on Protestant reconciliation
with Rome, ib.; his poverty, 137;
triumphal return to Geneva, ib.;

his ecclesiastical polity restored,
139, 140; admixture of lay govern-
ment, 141: advocated obedience
to the civil power, ib.; spread of
his doctrines, 142; his consistorial
law at Geneva, 143; severity of
his ordinances, 144; his despotic
legislation, 145; his infamous
conduct to Servetus, 147, 148;
justified by Melanchthon and
others, ib.; his remorseless temper,
149; persecution of Castellio, ib. ;
his increased influence, 150; his
cosmopolitan ambition and con-
structive genius, 151; his life not
happy, 152; death, ib.; character
as a reformer, ib.; M. Renan on
his Christianity, 153; permanence
of his system, 154; his genius as
legislator, ib.

his prophecy of triumph in
France, cxxxviii. 203
Calvinists, their doctrine of predes-

tination modified, cxxxiii. 401
Cambridge (Adolphus Frederick,
Duke of, 1774-1850), his personal
appearance, cxvi. 244
Cambridge University, examination.
for the mathematical tripos at,
cxxxix. 331; and for Smith's
prizes, ib.; mathematical studies
at, 346
Cambronne (Pierre Jacques Étienne,

General, 1770-1826), story of his
speech at the defeat of the old
guard denied, cxix. 326; origin of
the story, 327

Camden (William, 1551-1623), his
travels in England, cxxxviii. 489
Camden Society, the origin and
object of, cxxv. 233

Cameos, chiefly used as ornaments by
the Greeks, cxxiv. 518. See Gems
Cameron (Jane, Female Convict),
Memoirs of, by a Prison Matron,
cxxii. 337; her child-life, 343;
account of the 'Dancing Skeel,'349
Camisards, the, rebellion of, cxxxviii.
203, 205

Campagna at Rome, the, desolated
by the Saracens, cxviii. 365, 368;
malaria therein, 369

Campbell (John, Lord, 1781-1861),

his 'Lives of Lord Lyndhurst and
Lord Brougham,' cxxix. 556; his
inaccuracy and ill-natured author-
ship, ib.; his obligations to both
lords, 557 note; his relations with
Lyndhurst, ib.; inaccurate account
of Lyndhurst's early life, 558;
personal grievance, on irregular
marriages, 565; on Lyndhurst's
Reform policy, 568; his Bill
against obscene publications, 571;
he accuses Lord Brougham of
jealousy, 573; his misstatements
respecting the Edinburgh Review
and Brougham, 577, 578; sneers
at Brougham's advocacy, 579; his
low opinion of the legal profes-
sion, 592; imperfect account of
Brougham's conduct on Reform,
594; on Brougham's derangement
of mind, 595
Campbell (Thomas, 1777-1844), his

visit to St. James's monastery at
Ratisbon, cxix. 183 note
Campbell (Sir George), his views on
the Irish Land Question, cxxxi.
277; his Cobden Essay on Land
Tenures in India, 323
Campbell, Major-General John, C.B.,
his services in suppressing human
sacrifices in Khôndistan, cxix. 397;
his address to the natives there-
upon, ib.

Campbell (Dr. Thomas), note on the
history of his Diary (see cx. 327);
identifying his nephew as the
bearer of the MS. to New South
Wales, cxi. 276
Campbell (Duncan, of Asknish),

his work on steam-rams,' cxxxvi.
559; claims the merit of invention,
587

Campbell (J. F.), his 'Frost and Fire,'
cxxii. 422; his popular treatment
of science, 423; objections to the

title, 425; on radiation of force
from light, ib. 426; his notions of
gravitation and refraction, ib.;
leading idea of the work, 427; re-
commends parlour geology, 428;
his theory of a north-polar cur-
rent, ib.; his qualifications, 429;
his use of symbols in geology, ib.;
his experiments on ventilation,
430; his imitation of clouds, 432;
on the effect of wind on trees,
433; on the observation of sea-
currents, 434; on the tool-
marks' of water, 437; his illustra-
tion of salt deposits, 439; on ice-
marks in Northern Europe, 443;
wrong theory of ice movement,
445; on the melting of rock-sub-
stances by primeval heat, 448;
theory of volcanic action, 450;
on polar and equinoctial currents,
452; his ingenious devices, 455
Campbell (Mary), her pretensions to
the gift of tongues, cxvi. 455
Camper (Peter, 1722-1789), on the
proportions of the human figure,

cxl. 185

Campian (Edmund, 1540-1581), his
adhesion to the Jesuits, cxxxi. 18,
20; object of his mission to Eng-
land, ib.; his execution, 21; his
conspiracy not proved, 22
Campo-Formio, treaty of (1797), its.
iniquitous character, cxxvi. 318
Campo-Santo, the architectural fea-
tures of, cxxi. 525, 526

Canada, its geographical union with
British Columbia
Columbia anticipated,
cxii. 331

military defence of, cxv. 112;
liability of, to American invasion,
124

cession of French rights of
sovereignty in, cxix. 448 note

difficulty of protecting, cxx.
183; origin of the Federal move-
ment in, 184; the Quebec Confer-
ence, ib. 185; Resolutions of the
Delegates, ib.; proposed Federal

Canals, history of, in India, cxix.
122; the Delhi and Jumna canals,
123; importance of the Ganges
canal, ib.

earliest Acts relating to,

CXXV. 90
Canary Islands, the, earliest know-
ledge of, cxxviii. 208; Norman
colony in, ib.; Spanish traditions of
barbarism disproved, ib.
Canning (George, 1770-1827), Pitt's
intended overtures to, cxii. 53; his
duel with Lord Castlereagh, 54

his principles of foreign re-
cognition, cxvii. 300

compared with Disraeli,
cxxvii. 569; his patriotic foreign
policy, ib.

accepts the Governor-Gene-
ralship of India, cxxviii. 127;
disliked by the King, ib.; made
Secretary of State by Lord Liver-
pool, ib. 130; his policy at Ve-
rona, 136; on the recognition of
the Spanish American Colonies,
138; personal relations with the
Duke of Wellington, 147, 149

succeeds Lord Liverpool as
Prime Minister, cxxxi. 575; his
Cabinet a failure, ib.; his character,
ib.; disruption of previous policy,
576

anecdotes of, in Parliament,
cxxxiii. 301, 302

his share in the Anti-
Jacobin,' cxxxv. 475, 476; his
honourable conduct regarding
Queen Caroline, 525; detested by
George IV., ib.; relations, as

Foreign Secretary, with his party,
526; results of his brief adminis
tration, 527; Whig defections,
528; Lord Grey's attack on him,
ib.; his speeches on the Foreign
Enlistment Bill, 561, 568
Canning (George), Mr. Greville's
high estimate of the man, cxl.
533; but severe summary of his
character, 534

Canning (Charles John, Viscount,
1812-1862), his arrival in India,
cxvii. 444; his conduct respecting
the greased cartridges,451; opposed
to severe measures in suppressing
the Mutiny, 458; blamed for over-
leniency at home, 462; his con-
fidence in the native races, ib.; his
unfavourable views on Proclama-
tions, 471; his re-settlement of pro-
perty in Oude, 474; denounced by
Lord Ellenborough, ib.; proposes
the transmission of inheritance by
adoption, 479; his changes in the
Legislative Council, 484; on the
increase of European troops after
the Mutiny, 487; proposes an ad-
dition to the local force, ib.; his
plan rejected by Lord Palmerston,
489; his financial reforms, 491;
his death and funeral, 497

his recognition of British
heroism during the Mutiny,
cxxxiii. 97; his calm courage
and magnanimity, 117; malevo-
lent attacks on, 118; his patience

under unjust imputations, 120
Canon, authority of, in connexion
with scriptural inspiration, cxx.
291
Canon law, its definition of the law
of marriage, cxxx. 259
Canons, book of (1603-4), cxl. 439;
its disquieting effect on the Church
of England, 440

Cañons, the term applied to the

Fraser river, cxix. 466

Canterbury Cathedral, recent fire in
CXxxvii. 223

Cape of Good Hope, Portuguese voyage to, in 1433, cxxviii. 215; discovery of, by Diaz, 228

the diamond-field question at, cxxxiv. 410, 445 (see Africa, South); resources and revenue of, 446; subject of responsible government, ib.; resolution in favour of federation, 447

Cape Town, mischievous creation

of a territorial bishopric at, cxviii. 567. See Long v. Bishop of Cape Town

Capital, the term in political eco

nomy, cxxxviii. 363

Capital punishment, evils of Home Office interference with, cxvii. 268

arguments against, cxxi. 111, 115; reasons against public executions, ib., 117

paradoxical defence of, by J. S. Mill, cxxxix. 92 Capitol at Rome, the, medieval his

tory of, cxviii. 361, 362 Capoti (Giovanni), his collection of medieval Christian inscriptions, cxx. 221

Caprara (Jean Baptiste, Cardinal, 1733-1810), appointed legate à lutere for France, cxxviii. 462; his compromise with Napoleon, 467

Capricornia (Australia), proposed

colony of, cxviii. 310; its boundaries defined, ib.

Capuchins, the, popular character of

the order, cxiv. 251

Caracalla (Roman Emperor, 188217), baths of, at Rome, cxviii. 344

Carbonic acid, discovery of, by Dr. Black, cxxv. 84

Carbuncle, the, varieties of, mentioned by Pliny, cxxiv. 254 Cardross case, the, cxxviii. 277 Carew (Richard, 1555-1620), his

picture of rustic gentry in the 'Survey of Cornwall,' cxxxviii. 12 Carew (Thomas, 1589 - 1639), specimen of his love-verses, cxl.

361

Cariboo, gold-fields of, cxix. 468 Carlaverock, the Book of, by W. Fraser, cxl. 322; siege of Castle Carlaverock, 323; early possessors of the castle, 325 Carlisle Memorial Refuge, the, cxxii. 367, 368

Carlos (Don, son of Philip II., 1545– 1568), tragic story of, revealed by M. Gachard, from archives, cxxvii. 1; his birth, 2; his alleged savage instincts in childhood, ib. ; his education, 3; first interview with Charles V., 4; his stubborn disposition, 5; receives the oath of allegiance of the Cortes, 9; his accident and illness, ib.; story of his recovery, 11; his gluttonous habits, ib.; admitted to the Council of State, ib.; his personal appearance, 12; schemes of marriage for him, ib.; quarrels with his father, 17; his intractable nature, 19; influence of Queen Elizabeth of Valois over him, ib.; his alleged intrigue with the Flemish deputies, 22, 23; his violent speech in the Cortes, 25; his later extravagances of conduct, 26; rebuked by Suarez, ib.; attempts to stab Alva, 27; promoted by his father, ib.; his recklessness, 28; renews his hatred of Philip, ib.; his early intimacy with Don Juan of Austria, 29; his plan of flight, 30; his arrest by Philip, 32, 34; his close captivity, 35; rumours of his murder, ib.; his wretched life in prison, 36; attempts to kill himself, 37; his repentance, 38; Philip's inhumanity to him, ib.; his attempts at self-destruction renewed, ib.; his contrition and death, 39; mock grandeur of his