The San Francisco Earthquake and Fire of April 18, 1906: And Their Effects on Structures and Structural MaterialsU.S. Government Printing Office, 1907 - 170 Seiten |
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alluvium April 18 badly spalled Baltimore fire basement brick walls brickwork buckled built burned cast-iron columns caused chimneys cinder concrete collapsed column coverings combustible COMPANY'S BUILDING condition conflagration corner cotta cracks destroyed destruction district dynamite earth earthquake and fire earthquake damage expanded metal exterior failure fault line fault trace feet Ferry Building floor construction forced-concrete Fort Ross G. K. Gilbert girders granite ground heat hollow tile Humphrey inches interior John Stephen Sewell Leland Stanford Market street masonry metal lath miles Mission street Photograph by Richard piers pipe plastered post-office building probably protection quake racked reen reenforced concrete result Richard L rock roof San Andreas Lake San Francisco earthquake shaken shown in Pl shutters side slip spalled stairways steel frame steel skeleton steel-frame buildings Stephen Sewell stone stonework stories surface terra terra-cotta terra-cotta tile tion Tomales Bay tower vaults vibration wire lath wooden wrecked
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Seite 140 - In fact, San Francisco has violated all underwriting traditions and precedents by not burning up; that it has not done so is largely due to the vigilance of the fire department, which cannot be relied upon indefinitely to stave off the inevitable.
Seite 64 - The above features, combined with the almost total lack of sprinklers, and absence of modern protective devices generally, numerous and mutually aggravating conflagration breeders, high winds and comparatively narrow streets, make the probability feature alarmingly severe.
Seite 159 - Report of a general committee and of six special committees of the San Francisco association of members of the American Society of Civil Engineers. The effects of the San Francisco earthquake of April 18, 1906. on engineering constructions: Am.
Seite 51 - While two of the five sections into which the congested value district is divided involve only a mild conflagration hazard within their own limits, they are badly exposed by the others in which all elements of the conflagration hazard are present to a marked degree. Not only is the hazard extreme within the congested value district, but it is augmented...
Seite 15 - The test was one of such violence that only structures of first-class design and materials and honest workmanship could survive. Flimsy and loosely built structures collapsed like houses of cards under the terrific wrenching and shaking, and many of the structures which withstood the earthquake were subjected to a second test in a fire which surpassed all the great conflagrations of recent years. Some of these structures 14 which successfully withstood the first test failed signally under the second,...
Seite 50 - ... connected with the network wherever practicable. They advised that the system of distribution be equipped with a sufficient number of gate valves, so located that no single case of accident, breakage, or repair to the pipe system would necessitate the shutting from service of a length of main greater than the side of a single block (a maximum of 500 feet) in important mercantile manufacturing districts, or than two sides of a* single block (a maximum of 800 feet) in other districts. The building...
Seite 57 - Portland-cement mortar was used. Where the walls were laid with hard brick, with plenty of headers and in Portland-cement mortar, and were properly tied to the floor and roof members there was little, if any, damage.
Seite 2 - ... rupture, and hundreds of earthquakes may thus originate in the same place. A faulting may occur far beneath the surface and be known only through the resulting earthquake; but some of the quake-causing ruptures extend to the surface, and thus become visible. The New Madrid and Charleston earthquakes are examples of those having deep-seated origins; the shocks at Inyo and San Francisco, of those whose causative faults reached the surface of the ground. The San Francisco earthquake had its origin,...