P. Q pronoun and prefixed to the substantive which follows. Examples of this occur in a noynement for an oynement, my nother, for myn other. . . . The practice existed in familiar writing so late as the reign of Q. Elizabeth, and perhaps later still.'-See 'Glossarial Index' to William of Palerne, p. 291, ed. Skeat. 2-is generally dropt in the prepositions in and on, as the cubbert,' 'o' the shilf;' Com. = Poke = boke; SHREWS BURY; WEM; WHITCHURCH. Cf. b above. [kw], as in received English. R.-1[r] is, as a general rule, distinctly sounded, except in a Its very few words in which it is entirely omitted. See (4) below. It is somewhat strongly trilled in the middle of words. quality is similar to that of the Welsh R. = 2-preceded by i is transposed in one word, thirsty thrusty; LUDLOW. 3-preceded by u is transposed in a few words, as curds = cruds,* scurf = scruf; Com. Bursten brusten; WELLINGTON. Also before e in pretty perty; very general. = = 4-is omitted in Shrewsbury [soo'zbr'i' or soa zbr'i']. See ew (6) and (11) (vowels, &c.). Parson [paas 'n], scarce [skais]. Cf. a (3) (vowels, &c.). Swarth (of grass) [swath'], worth [wuth'], curse [kus], nurse [nus], purse [pus], worse [wus'], very general; but the r is usually sounded in nurse, purse, parson; NEWPORT. Girth [guth], gorse [gos], NEWPORT; ELLESMERE. 51, in syringe S.-1 = sullinge [suli'nzh], and in rather = lather [laa'dhu'r'], obsols.; PULVERBATCH. Rather=lother [lodh'u'r], obsols.; WHITCHURCH, Whixall. = z in goose, when this word is used either adjectively or in composition, as goose oil gooze ile [gooza'y·l], Com. = [gooz ahyl], NEWPORT. Gooseberries [gooz br'i'z], ibid. : 2 sh (1) before u, as suit [shoot], suet [shooi't], &c.; Com. (2) before ea = ĕ, in seam [shum], PULVERBATCH, obs. ; [shem], CLEE HILLS. Shs before r, as shrink [sr'ing k], shrub [sr'ub], &c.; Com. See ew (11) (vowels, &c.). Sp is transposed in wasp = wops; * NEWPORT. = This may be rather the O.E. word retained, wops = wasp, by Metathesis. th = [dh] in scissors = scithors [sidh'u'r'z], Com. T.-1d: in not nod, what whad [wod'], partner pardner [paar'dnu'r'], very general, but the permutation of t to d does not obtain in the district of NEWPORT. Cf. adland * and * = adlant, also d (2) above. = 2=ch in team = chem [chem], tune [choo'n], Tuesday [chooz·di'], Com. See ue (1) (vowels, &c.). 3-is dropt at the end of some past tenses, as felt fel', kept kep', &c.; Com. See Strong (and other) verbs. Also in other instances, as frost = fros', &c.; Com. See Nouns (plurals in es and s). Cf. d (3). Th-1 = O.E. p = [th], and ð = [dh]. 2 = f in thistle = fissle [fisl], WORTHEN; CHURCH STRETTON; CLUN; CLEE HILLS. Adjectives of Numeration (ordinals). Tl = [kl] in some words ending in ttle, as, brittle [br'ik·1], little [lik·1], rattle [r'ak l], very general, but not known about NEW PORT. V.-1-is omitted in over = o'er; Com. Give (imperative) = gï'e; very general. See Indefinite Pronouns (some ever, &c.). 2 = * = = f in vetches Cf. f (3) above. = Victual W.-1-is omitted in ward when a last syllable, as backward = back'art, awkward = awk'art, &c., and in always al'ays; Com. 2-is omitted when initial before its cognate vowel sound, as, woman ŏŏman, wood ŏŏsted, &c.; Com mon throughout Mid. and South Shr. 3—is added initially to some words before o and u sounds, as, hot whot [wot], oak wuk [wuk'], oath = wuth [wuth'], oat d meal = Boy = = wutmil [wut mi'l], &c.; SHREWSBURY; PULVERBATCH. Qy. com. in Mid. and South Shr. See oa (7) (vowels, &c.). 4-is inserted after some initial consonants, as, bone bwun [bwoen'], stone = stwun [stwoen'], gone = gwun [gwoen'], &c.; very general. bwoy [bw:auy], SHREWSBURY; PULVERBATCH; obsols. Boil = bwile [bwa'y l], PULVERBATCH. Post =pwust [pwus't], SHREWSBURY; PULVERBATCH. Qy.com. in S. Shr. Coin * = quine [kwa'yn'], PULVERBATCH, obs.? Cord querd [kwur''d], CHURCH STRETTON; CLUN. See Cordwood.* = X.-1-As in received English; Com. .'* LUDLOW. 2 = ksh in axe [ak'sh], 'a couling aksh ;' Y.-1-When initial is frequently dropt before the cognate vowel 2-is sometimes sounded initially before ĕ and a sounds, as, Edward* = Yedart, &c.; Com. Ale = yale [yael]. See Ale.* 3=th = [dh] in yonder = thander [dhaan du'r'], CLUN, Hereford Border. Z-As in received English. ETYMOLOGY. NOUNS. Plurals in en and n.-Examples of these endings are not numerous, but such as exist are for the most part of everyday use in the localities where they respectively obtain, as childeren,* childern * (a double plural), peasen,* rotten, neesen, housen, eyen, flen, shoon, &c. All known instances of these usages will be found in the body of the Glossary. Plurals in es and s.-Nouns of the singular number ending in st mostly change the t to s and add es to make the plural; as, crust, crusses; fist, fisses; post, posses: in the Newport district they sometimes reduplicate this plural, and say crusses-es, &c. Instances occur where the t is merely dropt to form the plural; as, beast, beas, &c. Plural in er. Only one instance known, viz. childer.* Plurals formed by Vowel-change.-The known examples correspond to the literary English forms, thus-mon, men; ŏŏman, women [wi'm'i'n], tuth, tith; fut, fit; goose, or gus, gis; mouse, mice; louse, lice. Tooth, taith; fut, fait; goose, gaise; obtain in the NEWPORT district. Constant plurals, &c.—Many nouns have no singular form, as, aigles, afterings, cruds, drippings, fleetings, grains, &c., &c. Some nouns are treated as plural without a plural sign, as, broth, browis; &c., &c.: of which it is said, they bin good,' or 'saut,' or what not. Nouns whose signification is that of a genuine plural, while the form is distinctly singular, are represented by ess = ashes. Nouns of time, weight, measure, or number, when used collectively or with a numeral expressive of plurality, remain for the most part unchanged; as, three 'ear, six wik, ten pund, five strike, two couple, &c., &c. Some nouns are used in the singular form only, as, battin, thrave, fowl, vittle, &c. Possessive Case.--When place-names are compounded of two words, the first being a proper noun-is generally put into the possessive case; as Wenlock's Edge, Hayton's Bent, Bieton's Heath, Exford's Green, &c., &c. Collective nouns, expressive of large quantities, are mort, vast, djel, dyel deal, power, sight, &c.; the last three are of common usage. = in literary English, have in numerous ful; as, apparntle * = apron-ful, Nouns compounded with ful instances the suffix tle or le cantle = can-ful; and so with bucketle, pocketle, hantle,* &c.: most of these will be found in the body of the Glossary. In the Newport district ful is f'l: bucketf'l-sometimes bucketle-canƒ'l, han'f'l; but not cantle, hantle. ADJECTIVES. Adjectives of Quality.-Besides those that obtain in literary English-whether simple or derivative-with suffixes such as ful, -fied, -ish, -le, -less, -some, -ous, y: there are many others of both classes which form an exceptional category, including old forms and remarkable words; as, bisson, brief, burrow, curst, dark, ebb, eme, gain, linnow, nesh, oval, thone, unkit, longful, succourful, maisterified, twistified, cadish, brickle, avenless, darksome, lightsome, tempersome, lungeous, nuvituous, temptuous, broody, fumey, &c., &c.—these and more of like kind will be found in the body of the Glossary. Degrees of Comparison are, as in received English, formed regularly by er and est, but double comparisons are frequent, as more beautifuller, most innocentest; examples of this are met with in the earlier writers, as-'moste clennest flesch of bryddes,' Piers Pl., Text B., pass. xiv. 1. 43; 'the most unkindest cut of all,' Julius Caesar, III. ii. 1. 187; more better than Prospero,' Tempest, I. ii. 19; 'more corrupter ends,' K. Lear, II. ii. 108; most straitest sect,' Acts xxvi. 5. The Superlative Absolute is formed by adverbial prefixes, such as mighty, right, despert, oncommon, &c., &c. It is also expressed by similes-'as hard as brazil'*-than which nothing can be harder,—as sour as vargis,'' as linnow* as a glove,' &c., &c., ad infinitum. Than after the comparative degree is expressed by nor in the southern part of Shropshire, and by till on the N. and N.E. borders of the county: tin till is also used in some localities. = 1 Bettermore [baet ur'mur'] obtains in the NEWPORT district. 2 Where love is great, the littlest doubts are fear.' |