worth a trip to Louisville to hear his great address before the Superintendents. Judge Lindsey's creed is faith in boys. He understands boys. His faith and understanding enable him to reach and save nearly every boy that comes into his

court.

President G. Stanley Hall does not believe in placing too much emphasis upon examinations. He characterizes the result of a rigid examination system as "baled hay education." Good teaching gives results, the finest of which escape. the baling process of the examination. The examination serves a good purpose, but it is only an incident in the process of education.

It is worth while to do things well. American young people need this lesson emphasized again and again. Every teacher should limit his work to the zone within which he is master. A recent writer in the Independent says: "There is such a thing as being a learned fool. When a man has a few faculties it is not commendable to scatter them over too wide an area."

The farmers of a Michigan township have resolved that "to keep a boy in school continuously until he is 16 years of age unfits him for a farmer." In Indiana the best farmers are those who are best educated. No class believes this more than the farmers themselves. This is shown by their great interest in all phases of agricultural work at Purdue.

The recent death of Dr. S. P. Langley, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, is a great loss to science. He was a devoted student and a voluminous writer. He was especially interested in solar phenomena. He also spent much time in the scientific study of the flying machine. He had great faith in the aeroplane which he invented. He could put the truths of science into popular form, and has done much to broaden the scientific knowledge of the masses. Perhaps his

greatest service was the encouragement he gave young scientists. He had great faith and sympathy in young men and never lost an opportunity to encourage them.

One reason for the school is that it is a means of helping young people to success. Success should be an ideal in every school. The highest and best examples of success should be studied. The teacher should see to it that the success the pupil has in mind is not spelled $ucce$$. The school ideal of success should be pure and noble, including dollars of course, but including them as incidental results. Success based upon honor may be short in gold, but it will be long in the satisfaction that comes from integrity of purpose.

A superintendent of a good town was asked what he intended to do during the summer. "Attend a good summer school," he answered. "I can not afford to do anything else, for I must not allow myself to get rusty." Rust is the result of neglect to use. Physical idleness produces rust in the body; lack of intellectual exercise produces mental rust; failure to do positive good soon brings moral rust, and ignorance of the newest and best things in one's profession soon produces rust enough to stop the machine entirely.

There is great danger in explaining and commenting. One is so liable to overdo it. A child would better be on tiptoe trying to understand than to be restive under commonplace and insipid comments. Most children will get far more from Longfellow's Hiawatha than from the stuff fed them from a Hiawatha primer. Robinson Crusoe in the original is far better than Robinson Crusoe in words of one syllable. A little girl sat listening to a poem. Her mother stopped frequently to explain and simplify. After quietly submitting for a time the little. one said: "Mother, dear, I could understand so much better if you would please not explain."

Kansas has inaugurated a plan for the teaching of scientific farming in every country school. This year every boy between the ages of 12 and 18 will be furnished first-class seed corn and will be encouraged to plant and tend it under wise direction. Each boy will be required to keep a complete record of time of planting and amount of fertilizer used and method and frequency of cultivation. In the fall prizes will be given in the various counties for the best corn produced. It is hoped that the drudgery of the farm may be replaced by intelligent and enthusiastic work.

Andrew Carnegie in his recent rectorial address to the students of St. Andrew took for his subject "A League of Peace." His argument for peace is clear, strong, scholarly and Christian. Many of his sayings are gems. The following ought to be learned by every schoolboy: "That it is every man's duty to defend home and country goes without saying. We should never forget, however, that which makes it a holy duty to defend one's home and country also makes it a holy duty not to invade the country and home of others, a truth which has not hitherto been kept in mind."

The recent pension report contains some very interesting figures. There are five persons on the roll receiving pensions on account of the War of the Revolution, 776 on account of the War of 1812 and 12,193 on account of the Mexican War. A conservative estimate makes it probable that in 1924 there will be 346,662 Civil War pensioners. No country in the world approaches the United States in the care of her soldiers. The cost of the Civil War was about $6,000,000,000. It is now estimated that this amount, or possibly more, will be paid. -out in pensions on account of that war. In a country so generous with her soldiers it ought to be easy to arouse sentiment favorable for taking proper care of the disabled members of the great army of teachers.

If you become discouraged with your work, or dissatisfied because the results do not come as rapidly as you think they should, read these lines from George Bicknell and refresh yourself:

There is no work an artist soul can do

That is so wonderful, so sacred, grand, As fashioning with a careful, perfect hand The tender child-life. He feeds anew The hopes and aims of youth, and brings to view,

Columbus-like, a field for progress. And

Hath power to plant upon this goodly land The seed of truth. What if he be not true? Upon him rests responsibility,

Which asks that he be even purer than Pure gold, that he be all in all a man. And if our nation shall be wholly free,

It is when men, true-hearted men, can Take the helm and guide these ships at sea.

The following from the pen of President McFarland of the American Civic Association ought to open up a fertile field of work in every Indiana school

room:

"What is the debt of your city?”
"I-I don't know."

"Is there a legal limit to the bonded debt, and has it been reached?" "Indeed, I've forgotten.'

"Do you remember the tax rate?”
"Er-well, it's pretty high."

"What is the total valuation, or assessment, for tax purposes?"

"Let me see; I think it is about-no, I don't remember."

"Do you know what the basis of the assessment is?"

"It seems to me it is about full valuation. Wait; no, it's seventy-five per I think. You see," he added, apologetically, "I don't look after these things. I'm not in politics!"

Promotion of Teachers.

Superintendents and school officials sometimes take the selfish view that the light of a good teacher must be hidden under a bushel for fear it will be seen of men and a better salary be offered elsewhere. This attitude on the part of

superiors does not get the best results from teachers. It causes them to feel that their efforts are not appreciated. They lose some of their finest ambition and may even drop into mediocre work. An increasing number of superintendents and school officials take the opposite view and always stand ready to help a worthy teacher to a better place. They have found that from the standpoint of the school itself it pays. Under this plan teachers know that they are being closely watched, and as a result they constantly do their best. A spirit of loyalty and co-operation is developed which is entirely foreign to their first plan. Good teachers are attracted to such a school because they know it is a recruiting station for still better places.

One of the best schools in Indiana has for years lost annually a half dozen excellent teachers. They have gone to better positions in Indianapolis or Chicago. The superintendent has taken pleasure in helping them to these better positions. By doing this he got an enthusiastic response from his other teachers and from the new ones who filled the vacancies that is entirely impossible under the selfish plan first named. Every teacher

should be interested in boosting his fellow. When all of us are willing to sink self in the general welfare of others, the millennium in school affairs will not be far distant.

Some Points on Football.

President Eliot in his annual report pays his respects to football in the following vigorous words:

"The American game of football as now played is wholly unfit for colleges and schools. It causes an unreasonable number of serious injuries and deaths. Not one in five of the men who play footbail for several seasons escapes without injury, properly called serious, and from the twenty or thirty picked players who play hard throughout the season, hardly a man escapes serious injury. The public has been kept ignorant concerning the number and gravity of these injuries.

"In any hard fought game many ac

tions of the players are invisible to the spectators-even to the referee and umpire-hence much profitable foul play escapes notice. There is no such thing as generosity between combatants, any more than there is in war. Acts of brutality are committed constantly, partly the results of the passions naturally roused in fighting, but often on wellgrounded calculations to profit toward the victory.

"As a spectacle, for persons who know what the game really is, football is more brutalizing that prize fighting, cock fighting or bull fighting. Regarded as a combat between highly trained men, the prize ring has advantages over the football field, for the rules of the prize ring are more humane than those of football, and they can be and often are strictly enforced. The fight in the prize ring between two men facing each other is perfectly visible, so fectly visible, so there are no secret abominations as in football. Yet prize fighting is illegal.

"The game sets up the wrong kind of hero-the man who uses strength bru tally, with reckless disregard, both of the injuries he may suffer and of the injuries he may inflict on others. That is not the best kind of courage or the best kind of hero. The courage which educated people ought to admire is not that reckless, unmotived courage, but the courage that risks life or limb to help or save others, that risks popular condemnation in speaking the truth, or in espousing the cause of the weak or maligned."

Pensions for Teachers.

This subject is receiving a great amount of attention. Prominent men are in favor of pensions and are openly advocating them. Some cities have already established a pension system. Among higher institutions, Harvard, Yale, Columbia and Cornell are already pensioning their retired professors. The whole subject promises to be in the forefront of educational thought for some years. Teachers should study the subject and inform the public upon it.

Head Master F. A. Tupper of Boston,

in a recent number of the Journal of Education, made the following excellent summary of the matter:

1. Pensions are merely a part of adequate compensation.

2. They relieve the teachers' minds from the fear of an old age of poverty or dependence.

3. They tend to elevate the profession of teaching by attracting able men and women, and by retaining them during the period of efficiency.

4. They make possible the retirement of the aged and the disabled without hardship, and so promote the dignity and general efficiency of the corps.

5. They tend to enable teachers to live in a manner to some extent becoming their extremely important and useful profession.

6. They allow teachers to spend more money for travel, for books, for additional professional training, and for all those means of improvement so conducive to the welfare not only of the teachers personally, but of their pupils. The importance of the great law of imitation, whether conscious or unconscious, in the relation of pupil and teacher, can not be overestimated.

7. Pensions afford a slight compensation to men and women of first-rate ability for sacrificing all the emoluments of other more financially profitable but less useful professions.

8. By the substitution of teachers on minimum salaries for those retiring on maximum salaries, the cost of a pension system is greatly reduced, while the general efficiency of the teaching force is promoted.

9. As the welfare of the children is the supreme law of the school, and as the pension system promotes the efficiency of the teaching force, it is evident that the welfare of the children, largely dependent as it is on the efficiency of the teaching force, demands this system.

10. No country, no cities in the world are better able to adopt the pension sys

tem than the United States and its great cities. But many foreign countries have already adopted a pension system, and are thus showing our country the way, when she ought to be in the lead.

H. D. Shideler.

The death of H. D. Shideler came so suddenly and unexpectedly as to shock beyond measure his host of friends. He

was a school man that the State could ill afford to lose. His whole life was characterized by intense earnestness. To him whatever was worth doing at all was worth doing in the best possible way. His honesty was so rugged that his whole nature revolted at shams and deceits. For the hypocrite he had nothing but contempt and pity.

To the work of superintending the schools of Huntington County he gave all the vigor and strength of his splendid manhood. The beginning teacher found him a kind friend and a sympathetic adviser. The experienced teacher soon learned that he expected growth. The makeshift teacher was always uncomfortable in his presence. His constant desire was to keep in such close touch with the educational movements of the day that he might be able to give his teachers and schools the best things obtainable.

He was a great encourager of boys and girls. In his visitation of schools he became acquainted with the youth of his county. Young people of grit and promise particularly attracted him. To these he never failed to give the encouraging word and the helping hand.

In his home he was the ideal husband and the genuine father. Every one that ever enjoyed the privilege of stepping within the door of his home was impressed with its sweetness and purity. The good of his life is ours. We sorrow because he has gone. We rejoice because he left us so goodly a heritage.

THE ADOPTION OF TEXT-BOOKS FOR INDIANA. The State Board of Education is composed of representative educators and an able Governor, who do not need disinterested (?) advice from some "Cheap-John" editor. The Board can not be wheedled by lobbyists nor intimidated nor bribed. The merits of the books submitted will receive due consideration, and the various adoptions will be made honorably. Impertinent appeals and mercenary influences will not prevail. The strenuous efforts for the adoption of temperance physiologies bearing W. C. T. U. endorsements will cut no figure whatever if the books are otherwise inferior. If any of the books now in use shall be considered antiquated, the Board will have the courage to displace them; but if some of the present books are found to be generally satisfactory, the school patrons will not be put to unnecessary expense. The forthcoming adoptions can, therefore, be entrusted to men of ability and honor. There are no Doughertys upon the Board; but if one shall ever be discovered there will be an awakening in Indiana such as there has been recently at Peoria and Grand Rapids.

be met, Swarthmore will have raised $770,000 since Dr. Swain accepted the presidency. Seven buildings have been erected during his administration.

"You must remember it isn't only laying hold of a rope, you must keep on pulling."

Statistics show that a total of 699 schools have been abandoned in the State since the movement for consolidation was started. During the last year 8,312 children were transported to consolidated schools at a cost of $824.85 a day. The average cost of each wagon a day was $1.68. There are yet 49 schools that have five or fewer pupils; 286 that have between five and ten pupils, and 1,096 that have between ten and fifteen.

Judge Ben B. Lindsey, of Denver, lectured to the teachers of Anderson on February 23. He has a great message for teachers and delivers it in an interesting manner.

Boston puts a smaller per cent. of her operating school expenses into salaries than does Chicago, St. Louis, Philadelphia or Baltimore.

Every parent of a high school boy in Bingham, N. Y., is asked in writing if his boy smokes. If he says "No" and the principal learns that the boy does, he has an excuse for notifying the parent.

Miss Mary Sullivan, who has charge of the Commercial Department in the Wabash high school and who is at present completing her business course in Detroit, through leave of absence, has been granted a diploma, the third one granted by the institution in a period of fifteen years. She will return and take her place in the Wabash high school next year. Mr. K. Von Ammerman has most successfully filled the vacancy during her absence.