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TRUMP, trumpet; I. ii. 124. TRY, trial; V. i. 12.

UNAGREEABLE, unsuitable; II. ii. 41.

UNBOLT, reveal, explain; I. i. 51. UNCHARGED, unassailed; V. iv. 55.

UNCLEW, undo, ruin; I. i. 168. UNCTUOUS, oily; IV. iii. 195. UNDER; "u. praise," by being praised so much; (not "underpraise" as the jeweler understands it); I. i. 165.

UNDER, under pretense of; III. iii. 34.

UNDERGO, undertake; III. v. 24. UNMATCHED, matchless; IV. iii.

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USES, necessities; II. i. 20.

VANTAGES, opportunities; II. ii. 140.

VIRTUOUS, "caused by his virtue"; (?) strong, forcible; III. ii.

47.
VISITATIONS, visits; I. ii. 235.
VOICED, proclaimed; IV. iii. 81.
VOID, emit; I. ii. 147.
VOTARIST, Votary; IV. iii. 27.

WAFTS, beckons; I. i. 70. WAPPEN'D, beaten, worn out stale; IV. iii. 38.

WARDS, bars, bolts; III. iii. 39. WARM, heated to a moderate degree; IV. iii. 223.

WHITTLE, small clasp-knife; V. i. 187.

WILLING, willingly; III. vi. 32. WINDOW-BARS, cross-bar lacing of the bodice; IV. iii. 116. WITCH, bewitch; V. i. 162. WITHOUT, Outside; V. iv. 39. WREAKFUL, revengeful; IV. iii. 229.

YET, Still; IV. ii. 17. YIELD, grant; I. ii. 207.

STUDY QUESTIONS

By EMMA D. Sanford

GENERAL

1. What was the date of the first edition of this play? Is it a tragedy or a comedy?

2. Give some instances of passages whose authorship is doubtful. What is the general supposition as to the composition of the play?

3. Give one source of the play. What is the duration of action? Is it a good acting play?

4. What is the character of Timon and of the play? What place does this play occupy among Shakespeare's works?

ACT I

5. What is Shakespeare's object in introducing such characters as the Poet and the Painter in the opening scene?

6. Cite a portion of the Poet's character-delineation of Timon, in which the reader is prepared for subsequent events.

7. What is the meaning of "it tutors nature" in scene i? 8. What contribution to the play is made by the petition of Ventidius and the protestation of the Old Athenian? 9. What are we led to suppose is Apemantus' attitude towards life, judging from his first remark in scene i? 10. In scene ii what are the contrasting elements of the remarks made by the leading speakers?

ACT Π

11. What does scene i foretell?

12. Comment upon the demeanor of the various creditors' servants towards Timon.

tude of their respective masters?

Do they reflect the atti

13. Explain the irrelevance of the Fool's saying "Here comes my mistress' page.”

14. Has Timon ever received a forewarning of his low state of fortune? If so, by whom?

ACT III

15. What last expedient does Timon adopt to raise money?

16. What inconsistency of conduct is Lucius guilty of, in scene ii?

17. Is Sempronius' reason for refusing to loan Timon money a sincere one?

66

18. What is the meaning of " "Tis deepest winter in Lord Timon's purse"?

19. Which scene in this act reveals a noticeable change in Timon's disposition?

20. Is the name of Alcibiades' friend (for whom he pleads in scene v) given, elsewhere, in the play?

21. What famous plea for mercy in one of Shakespeare's plays, does this petition (scene v) of Alcibiades remind us?

22. What sentence does the Senate impose upon Alcibiades and how does he make use of it?

23. Interpret the hypocrisy of the various creditors (scene vi) inasmuch as it relates to the plot.

24. How do Timon's final words at the banquet furnish a key to the transformation of his whole life?

25. Describe the banquet (scene vi) and comment on its dramatic value.

ACT IV

26. Is there any question of Timon's sanity in his passionate discourse against Athens?

27. What is his prayer to the gods in his own behalf (scene i)?

28. What metaphor is used by the Third Servant to depict the shattered fortunes of Timon's house?

29. What is Timon searching for in scene iii, and what does he dig up, by accident?

30. What appeal does the gold make to Timon?

31. Note the companions of Alcibiades: what hint does this give the reader of the customs of the time?

32. What common ground of sympathy have Timon and Alcibiades?

33. For what purpose does Timon give Alcibiades money?

34. What is the dramatic value of the conversation between Timon and the mistresses of Alcibiades?

35. What is the meaning of Timon's wild address to nature?

36. Explain Timon's words "Why should'st thou hate men? They never flatter'd thee" (scene iii).

37. In the dialogue between Timon and Apemantus (scene iii) which one of the characters does Shakespeare prove to be a sham misanthrope?

38. What place does Timon choose for his grave? Does he welcome death?

39. Elucidate his apostrophe to gold. (line 385 et seq.)

40. What does Timon advise the Banditti to eat?

41. Explain the words "there is boundless theft in limited professions."

42. With what sentiments does Timon accompany his gift of gold to the Banditti?

43. How does Timon show his utter loss of faith in mankind in his reception of Flavius?

44. What condition does Timon make when he enriches Flavius? Comment on his words "live rich and happy."

ACT V

45. Compare scene i with Act I, scene i, and comment upon the similarity.

46. To what influence do you ascribe Timon's use of the elements (i. e., the sun, line 138, scene i) in his curses? 47. What office is tendered Timon by the Athenian Senators and why?

48. What eccentric proposition does Timon make in reply to the Senators? Is this irony or insanity?

49. Does scene ii answer the purpose of providing the reader with additional proof of Timon's true value to the state?

50. Comment on the authenticity of scene iii.

51. What character does Alcibiades give to the city of Athens (scene iv)?

52. How do the Senators convince Alcibiades that he has been in the wrong in waging war against the entire city?

53. What is the compromise finally effected?

54. What has been the controversy, among critics, regarding the epitaph on Timon's grave? What two lines of the epitaph contradict each other? Which one of the couplets is the one usually accepted?

55. Why is the epitaph an appropriate one?

56. How does Timon suggest Coriolanus?

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