John Edwards, M. D. natural philosophy lecturer; who behaved rudely towards the visitors, and was therefore not only dispossessed of his preferment, but expelled the university;" but neither Wood nor Walker give any character of him.

Peter Turner, M. D. Savillian professor of geometry ; he served his majesty as a volunteer under the command of Sir J. Byron, and being a zealous loyalist, was expelled the university by the visitors, after which he retired to London, and died 1650. He was a good mathematician, well read in the fathers, an excellent linguist, and highly esteemed by archbishop Laud."

John Greaves, A. M. professor of astronomy, was sent by archbishop Laud to travel into the eastern parts of the world to make a collection of books in those languages.P After his return he was preferred to this professorship, but was ejected by the visitors, and Nov. 9, 1648, expelled the university, for sending the college treasure to the king, and other offences of the like nature. He died at London 1652, with the reputation of a good scholar, having been well respected by Mr. Selden and others."

Dr. Henry Hammond, university orator, was a very learned man, and a great divine, highly esteemed by King Charles I. He assisted at the treaty of Uxbridge, and attended the king as his chaplain when he was permitted. After his ejectment he retired to the house of Sir John Packington, of Worcestershire, where he employed his time in writing several valuable and learned treatises in defence of the hierarchy of the church of England, and in the study of the New Testament. He died April 25, 1660. The heads of colleges who succeeded those that were ejected by authority of parliament, were,

n Walker, p. 118.

Wood, vol. ii. p. 84.

This he did with indefatigable industry, and at the peril of his life. He also collected for archbishop Laud many oriental gems and coins. He took a more accurate survey of the pyramids than any traveller who went before him. During his stay at Rome, on his return from the East, he made a particular enquiry into the true state of the ancjent weights and measures. He was a great man.

Granger's History of England, vol. iii. p, 119, 20. Svo. Ed.
Walker, p. 123.

Dr. Edward Reynolds, vice-chancellor of the university, and dean of Christ-Church in the place of Dr. Fell; he was probationer-fellow of Merton-college in the year 1620, which he obtained by his uncommon skill in the Greek tongue; he was a good disputant and orator, a popular divine, and in great esteem in the city of London, being preacher to the honorable society of Lincoln's-Inn. Mr. Wood confesses," he was a person of excellent parts and endowments, of a very good wit, fancy, and judgment and much esteemed by all parties for his florid stile. Sir Thomas Brown adds, that he was a divine of singular affability, meekness and humility; of great learning, a frequent preacher, and a constant resident. He conformed at the restoration, and was made bishop of Norwich, and died 1676.

Dr. John Wilkins, promoted to the wardenship of Wadham college in the place of Dr. Pit. He was educated in Magdalen-hall, and was chaplain to Charles count Palatine of the Rhine. A little before the restoration he came to London, and was minister of St. Lawrence-Jury, and preacher to the society at Lincoln's-Inn. Mr. Wood admits, that he was a person of rare gifts, a noted theologist and preacher, a curious critic, an excellent mathematician, and as well seen in mechanism, and the new philosophy, as any in his time. In the year 1656, he married the sister of 0. Cromwell, then lord-protector of England, and had the headship of Trinity-college in Cambridge conferred upon him, which is the best preferment in that university. He was afterwards a member of the royal society, to which he was a considerable benefactor. Dr. Burnet says, that bishop Wilkins was a man of as great a mind, as true a judgment, of as eminent virtue, and as good a soul, as any he ever knew. Archbishop Tillotson gives him an equal character; and several members of the royal society acknowledge him to have been an ornament to the university, and English nation. He was created bishop of Chester in the year 1668, and died of the stone in the house of Dr. Tillotson, 1672"

r Athen. Oxon. vol. ii. p. 421.

a Ibid. p. 371.

To Mr. Neal's character of bishop Wilkins, it may be added: that he was a man of an enlarged and liberal mind, which shewed itself in his great moderation on the points agitated between the conformists and

Dr. Joshua Hoyle, preferred to the headship of University college in the room of Dr. Walker; he was educated at Magdalen-hall, Oxford, but being invited into Ireland became fellow of Trinity college, and professor of divinity in the university of Dublin. In the beginning of the Irish rebellion he came over to England, and was made vicar of Stepney, a member of the assembly of divines, and at length master of this college, and king's professor of divinity in the room of Dr. Sanderson. Mr. Wood says," he was a person of great reading and memory, but of less judgment. He was exactly acquainted with the schoolmen, and so much devoted to his book, that he was in a manner a stranger to the world; he was indefatigably industrious, and as well qualified for an academic as any person of his time. He died 1654.

Dr. Daniel Greenwood, principal of Brazen-Nose college, in the room of Dr. Radcliffe; he had been fellow of the college for a considerable time, and had the reputation of a profound scholar and divine. Mr. Wood says, he was a severe and good governor, as well in his vice-chancellorship as in his principalship; he continued in his college with an unspotted character till the restoration, when he non-conformists: and in his free, generous way of philosophizing. He disdained to tread in the beaten track, but struck out into the new road pointed out by the great lord Bacon. He formed institutions for the encouragement of experimental philosophy, and the application of it to affairs of human life, at each university: and was the chief means of establishing the royal society. His chimeras were those of a man of genius. His character was truly exemplary,as well as xtraordinary. His great prudence never failed in any undertaking. Sincerity was natural to him. With a greatness of mind he looked down upon wealth as much as others admire it. What he yearly received from the church, he bestowed in its services and made no savings from his temporal estates; acting up to his frequent declaration, "I will be no rieber." Birch's Life of Tillotson, p. 405, 6. Granger's History of England, vol. iii. p. 247, 8, 8vo. and Lloyd's Funeral Sermon, p. 41, 2, 3. Ed.

Such was his attempt to shew the possibility of a voyage to the moon; to which the dutchess of Newcastle made this objection: "Doe'tor, where am I to find a place for baiting at, in the way up to that planet ?" Madam, said he, of all the people in the world, I never expected that question from you, who have built so many castles in the air, you that may lie every night at one of your own.

Athen. Oxon. vol. ii. p. 113.

Granger, ut supra, the note.

* Wood's Fasti, vol. iii.

P.

Ed.

770.

was ejected by the king's commissioners, after which be lived privately till 1673, when he died.

Dr. John Wilkinson had been principal of Magdalenhall before the civil wars, but when that university was garrisoned by the king, he fled into the parliament's quarters, and was succeeded by Dr. Thomas Read, who was admitted by the king's mandate, October 16, 1643, but in 1646, Dr. Wilkinson was restored. The year following (1617) he was made president of Magdalen-college in the room of Dr. Oliver; he was a learned and pious man, died Jan. 2, 1649, and was buried in the church of GreatMilton, Oxfordshire.

Dr. Henry Wilkinson, jun. commonly called Dean Har ry, principal of Magdalen-hall; he was a noted tutor, and moderator in his college before the commencement of the civil wars, upon the breaking out of which he left Oxford and came to London, but when that city was surrendered to the parliament he returned to the university, and was created D. D. made principal of his hall, and moral philosophy professor in the room of Mr. Berkenhead. Mr. Wood says, that he took all ways imaginable to make his house flourish with young students; that he was a frequent and active preacher, and a good disciplinarian; for which reason the heads of the university persuaded him earnestly to conform at the restoration, that they might keep him among them, but he refused. After his ejectment he suffered for his non-conformity, by imprisonments, mulcts, and the loss of his goods and books; though, according to the same author, he was very courteous in speech and carriage, communicative of his knowledge, generous, charitable to the poor, and so public spirited, that he always regarded the common good more than his own private concerns. He published several learned works, and died 1690, Et. 74.

Dr. Robert Harris, president of Trinity college in the room of Dr. Potter, was educated in Magdalen-hall, and had been a famous preacher in Oxfordshire for about forty years; upon the breaking out of the war he came to London, where he continued till appointed one of the visitors of the university, and head of this college, over which he presided ten years, though he was now seventy. He was a y Athen. Oxon. vol. ii. p. 646. 58

VOL. LIE

person of great piety and gravity, an exact master of the Hebrew language, and well versed in chronology, churchhistory, the councils and fathers. He governed his college with great prudence, and gained the affections of all the students, who reverenced him as a father, though he bad been stigmatised by the royalists as a notorious pluralist.To which the writer of his life replies, that whatever benefices he might have been nominated to, he declared he did not receive the profits of them. The inscription upon his tomb-stone says, that he was Præses æternum celebrandus; perspicacissimus indolum scrutator, potestatis arbiter mitissimus, merentium fautor integerrimus, &c. He died 1658.2

Dr. Henry Langley, master of Pembroke college in the room of Mr. Wightwick, was original fellow of his college, and made master of it in 1647. He kept his place till the restoration, after which he set up a private academy among the dissenters; having the character of a solid and judicious divine, and being a frequent preacher. He died 1679.*

Dr. Francis Cheynel, president of St. John's college in the room of Dr. Bayly, was probationer fellow of Merton college in the year 1629, and afterwards rector of Petworth, a member of the assembly of divines, and this year made president of that college, and margaret professor in the room of Dr. Lawrence, both which he quitted after some time for refusing the engagement, and retired to his living at Petworth, from whence he was ejected at the restoration. He was a person of a great deal of indiscreet zeal, as appears by his behavior at the funeral of the great Mr. Chillingworth, already mentioned. Bishop Hoadly says, he was exactly orthodox, and as pious, honest, and charitable, as his bigotry would permit; and Mr. Eachard adds, that he was of considerable learning and great abilities."

Dr. Michael Roberts, principal of Jesus college in the room of Dr. Mansel, was a good scholar, and would, no doubt, have conformed at the restoration, had he been inclined to have accepted any preferment, but he had resigned his principalship into the hands of the protector, 1657, and being rich chose a private life. He published a Latin z Clark's Lives, p. 314. a Wood's Fasti, vol. ii. p. 747, 771. e Fasti, vol. ii. p. 752.

b Athen. Ox. vol. ii. p. 245.

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