THE YORKSHIRE GAZETTEER; OR, A DICTIONARY OF THE Towns, Villages, and Hamlets; IN THE COUNTY OF YORK, AND Ainsty, or County of the City, of York: AND THE VARIOUS EVENTS By which fome of them have been distinguished. BY E. HARGROVE. Printed by HARGROVE & SONS, Knaresbrough: AND SOLD BY WILKIE and ROBINSON, Paternoster-Row, LONDON; and 1806. Gough Adds Yorkshire 81890. The Vorkshire Gazetteer. YORKSHIRE ORKSHIRE is a maritime county; which, during the Saxon heptarchy, was included in the kingdom of Northumberland: and at the division of England, by Alfred, into counties; it included those of Durham and Lancaster; though now, without them, it is larger than any two counties in the kingdom; and, in extent, exceeds either the dukedoms of Wirtemburg, Mecklenburg, Courland, or Savoy; the principality of Hesse-Cassel, the electorate of Mentz, the dominion of Genoa, &c., and all the Seven United Provinces of Holland connected. It is 130 miles long, 90 broad, and 460 in circumference; containing 5490 square miles; in form, nearly square; divided into three Ridings, viz. North, East, and West; of which, the lastmentioned is both the largest and richest: besides these, there is a fourth division, called Richmondshire; as also Cleveland, formerly a dukedom; Holderness, which had the title of earl and Craven, which is now an earldom and a barony, 4 in the family of the same name. It is divided into twenty-four wapentakes or hundreds; including 563 parishes, 55 market-towns, and one city. The population of this extensive county (an account of which, among others, was ordered, by the House of Lords, to be printed, 5 April, 1805) is as follows: EAST RIDING. The area of this riding is 1268 fquare ftatute miles, equal to 811,520 ftatute acres; the number of inhabitants on each fquare mile, is 110 perfons; total of perfons is 139,480, NORTH RIDING. The area of this riding is 2112 fquare ftatute miles, equal to 1,354,680 ftatute acres; the number of inhabitants on each fquare mile, is 74 perfons; total of perfons is 156,288. WEST RIDING. The area of this riding is 2633 fquare ftatute miles, equal to 1,685,120 ftatute acres; the number of inhabitants on each fquare mile, is 214 perfons; total of perfons is 563,462. YORK, THE capital of the North, and fecond city in the kingdom, appears to have been founded by Agricola, about the year 80, after he had finished his conqueft, of the Brigantes it foon became the head-quarters of the Roman army, and was the refidence of the Roman emperors. After the departure of that warlike people, this city and the furrounding country were expofed to the fury of the northern nations, received the barbarous fhocks of the Danes, and groaned under repeated devaftations, for more than 600 years: notwithstanding which, we find that this city frequently arose out of its afhes, and again recovered its former fplendour; for in lefs than a century after it had been razed to the ground, by the Norman conqueror, it was rebuilt, and a parliament called there by Henry II. after which, it was honoured with the prefence of most of our kings, from Henry III. to Charles I.; during which time, parliaments, conventions, coronations, royal marriages and interviews, at different periods, took place here. The laft vifit, paid by Charles I., was in the year 1640; foon after which, this city was garrisoned for the king, and furrendered to the arms of the parliament, July 16, 1664. Every inquifitive traveller, in the fearch of antiquities, or curiofities, will be tempted to make fome ftay at York:-among the former, is the arch at Micklegate-Bar, and the mult angular tower near the Mint-Yard, both built in the time of the Romans. The fepulchral monument of the standard-bearer to the ninth legion of the Roman army, was dug up near Micklegate; and in many other parts of the city, have been found Roman altars, infcriptions, urns, coins, &c.. The fituation of York is on a plain, on both fides, of the river Oufe; and fo exactly resembles Rome, in its form, that whoever compares the two plans together, will find them exceedingly fimilar;-a ftrong proof of the Roman origin of |