The Elements of Physical ChemistryMacmillan Company, 1902 - 565 Seiten |
Inhalt
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Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
acetic acid active masses alcohol ammonium amount anion apparatus atomic weights base benzene boiling-point calculated Cals cathode cation cell Chem chemical equilibrium chemical reactions Chim chloride coefficient compounds concentration constant constitution copper crystals curve decomposition determined dilute solution dissociating power dissolved substance effect electrical electrode electrolyte electromotive force elements energy equation equilibrium ester ether ethyl freezing-point gases given H₂O hydrochloric acid hydrogen ions hydroxide hydroxyl Ibid increase Journ large number liquid magnesium mass action measure mercury metal method mixture molecular conductivity molecular weight molecules monoclinic obtained order reaction orthorhombic osmotic pressure Ostwald oxygen pass phases phys platinum Pogg potassium chloride potassium sulphate present properties quantity refraction relation represent salts saturated schönite shown silver sodium solid solubility solution-tension solvent specific heat studied sulphuric acid takes place temperature theory tion transformation tube vapor vapor-pressure vapor-tension velocity volume zinc Ztschr
Beliebte Passagen
Seite 284 - The total energy of any material system is a quantity which can neither be increased nor diminished by any action between the parts of the system, though it may be transformed into any of the forms of which energy is susceptible.
Seite 20 - The difference between the number of the lowest member of a group and that immediately above it is 7 ; in other words, the eighth element starting from a given one is a kind of repetition of the first, like the eighth note of an octave in music.
Seite 48 - Avogadro's law states that equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules...
Seite 36 - Thus on this view we have in the cathode rays matter in a new state, a state in which the subdivision of matter is carried very much further than in the ordinary gaseous state : a state in which all matter — that is, matter derived from different sources such as hydrogen, oxygen, &c. — is of one and the same kind; this matter being the substance from which all the chemical elements are built up.
Seite 40 - To form some conception of the degree of coarse-grainedness indicated by this conclusion, imagine a rain drop, or a globe of glass as large as a pea, to be magnified up to the size of the earth, each constituent molecule being magnified in the same proportion. The magnified structure would be coarser grained than a heap of small shot, but probably less coarse grained than a heap of cricketballs.
Seite 110 - ... the ratio between the sine of the angle of incidence and the sine of the angle of refraction is a constant, depending only upon the nature of the two media.
Seite 36 - I can see no escape from the conclusion that they are charges of negative electricity carried by particles of matter. The question next arises, What are these particles? are they atoms, or molecules, or matter in a still finer state of subdivision?
Seite 36 - The explanation which seems to me to account in the most simple and straightforward manner for the facts is founded on a view of the constitution of the chemical elements which has been favourably entertained by many chemists : this view is that the atoms of the different chemical elements are different aggregations of atoms of the same kind. In the form in which this hypothesis was enunciated by Prout, the atoms of the different elements were hydrogen atoms ; in this precise form the hypothesis...
Seite 35 - As the cathode rays carry a charge of negative electricity, are deflected by an electrostatic force as if they were negatively electrified, and are acted on by a magnetic force in just the way in which this force would act on a negatively electrified body moving along the path of these rays, I can see no escape from the conclusion that they are charges of negative electricity carried by particles of matter.
Seite 200 - If a gas shows such a deviation from the law of Avogadro, it is explained by assuming that the gas is in a state of dissociation. The conduct of chlorine, bromine, and iodine, at higher temperatures is a very well-known example. We regard these substances under such conditions as broken down into simple atoms.