What God laid upon us was misunderstood; So heaven concedes in its own time the long deferred yet righteous purpose! So it teaches us to trust, and work on in certain The spirit which animated the foresworn faith! Arndt, long an exile for his partiPrinces was as despicable as that of the cipation in the Burschenschaft, has lived to youth was noble. They put down the see the day of the desired freedom. He schools of gymnastics, seized the very ma- stood, the octogenarian veteran of liberty, chinery, even that of Jahn himself, who had the other day at Cologne, beneath the great played so conspicuous a part in the drama Germanic Banner of black, red, and gold of their liberation, and never allowed him --SO long proscribed, yet now flaunted a penny for it. They imprisoned and per- abroad by the very princes who proscribed secuted him. They have done it to this it as the symbol of popular union and very day, when the old man, ruined by the power. The author of the celebrated nagovernment, is, if living, maintained by a tional song, "What is the German Fathersubscription amongst the better spirits of land?" and of many another stirring lyric his country. But they persecuted not him written in days of despotism to quicken the alone, but the whole host of patriots who blood of his nation-there he stood and had aided them to drive out the French. saw not only his own hopes fulfilled, but These were pursued from city to city, those of thousands of his contemporaries wherever they took refuge, by the orders of who are passed away. Prussia, Austria, and Russia. They fled When the German students, then, in to Switzerland, to France-nowhere were Berlin, led the bloody fight, when in every they safe. Some escaped to America, some part of the country they were at the head to England, and other countries. What a of the people, proclaiming the revolution constellation of noble spirits was thus dis- accomplished-we may comprehend, after persed by the breath of despotism into a what is here written, what was passing in scattered remnant of unhappy fugitives; their hearts. Those hearts have been fed Arndt, the Follens, Börne, Forster, etc., and strengthened on the memory of past etc. Many were crushed into indigent in-glories, aspirations, and martyrdoms, and difference-many were swallowed up by se- by their perpetual songs, the compositions cret dungeons, such as those of Austria, of the first poets of their nation, Luther, which Silvio Pellico has described. When the oaks and flowers wither In the wasting, parching sun, When the people are but shadows, Schiller, Goethe, Burgen, Lessing, Voss, Chamisso, Herder, Korner, Arndt, Uhland, and of younger and not less illustrious names. Never, on any former occasion, have they been more entitled, than on this be expended in the production of moral last, to sing their noble lyric. WO MUTH UND CRAFT. Are German hearts with strength and courage There to the clang of breakers gleams the sword, Though rocks and oak trees shiver, Red, red as true love be the brother-token, And pure like gold the soul within imprest, And now, since fate may tear us from each other, Though rocks and oak-trees shiver, However differing in other respects, the students of nearly the whole continent, and especially France and Italy are equally animated with the spirit of freedom and true patriotism, and they have accordingly won the highest distinction in the late glorious victories of the people, as in Paris, Berlin, Milan, while they fell bravely the other day, resisting the Danish invader of Holstein, and are equally active at this moment in Poland. death and despotism, and be converted into the sources of national life, onward and upward zeal-zeal for the land, for the people, and for liberty—a teeming fountain truths which are becoming the governmentof all those great Christian and social al laws, and the constitutional life's blood of the nations around us. steam. VISIT TO LORD ROSSE'S TELESCOPE-Dr. Robinson lately gave an interesting account, to the Royal Dublin Academy, of the present condition of Lord Rosse's telescope. The figure of the speculum not being quite perfect, it was resolved to repeat the polishing process, which requires to be performed at a temperature of 55°, whilst the artificial heat, by means of which this has to be effected, in winter occasions a dryness in the air in consequence of which the polishing material will not remain on the speculum. This difficulty was ingeniously obviated by a jet of The result was admirable. The telescope is to receive a movement in right ascension from the ground, connected with clock-work; an eyepiece of large field, but capable of being replaced by the usual one in an instant, to obviate the difficulty of finding objects; and a peculiar micrometer of parallel glass with a position circle attached. Unfavorable weather had prevented much being done with the telescope. But in one good night Dr. Robins Robinson observed in the moon the large flat bottom of the crater covered with fragments, and became satisfied that one of the bright stripes so often discussed had no visible elevation above the general surface. In the belts of Jupiter, streaks like those of Pyrrhus' cloud were seen, evidently through a considerable and imperfectly transparent atmosphere. The nebula of Orion, even with the imperfect mirror and in bad nights, was seen to be composed of stars It is with a feeling of melancholy morti- in that part which presents the strange flocculent apfication, that, turning home, we ask where pearance described by Sir John Herschel. But in addition to the two stars of the trapezium discovered are the patriotic laurels of our students? by the telescopes of Dorpat and Kensington, the six On what occasion did Oxford or Cambridge, feet showed other two at the first glance after its polWestminster or Eton youths stand forth ish was completed. The planetary nebula situated for the common liberties against the op of small stars uniformly distributed and surrounded in the splendid cluster Messier was seen to be a disc pressor? Alas! they are part and parcel by the larger. The most remarkable nebular of the old obstructive system. They live arrangement which the instrument has revealed is only to gather the golden fruits of the great that where the stars are grouped in spirals, one of aristocratic tree. They are moulded from has now discovered others-h. 604, seen by Herschel the cradle into props of old abuse, con- as a bicentral nebula-Messier 99, in which the servators of the profitable church and state centre is a cluster of stars-Messier 97 looking with machinery. From them the nation hopes the finding eye-piece like a figure of 8, but shown for no regeneration, no bursts of noble by the higher powers to be star spirals, related to two centres, appearing like stars with dark spaces around patriotism, no trophies of achieved pro- them. Struve, in computing the limit of the milkygress. They are born, merely to eat up the way, assumes it in its greatest extent "unfathomable corn, and to be swept away with the rest of by the telescope." Dr. Robinson is certain that its the antiquated lumber of feudality in the feet, and very much larger than those of the nebula appointed hour when God shall behold of Orion. their measure full and their places--empty. That fulness and that emptiness are of deep significance to this nation. It is of lands Bible Society intend sending a profound the highest import that the enormous wealth orientalist, Mr. Matthes, to Macassar and the neighboring countries, with a view to translating the of its academic endowments, shall cease to Bible for the inhabitants of Sumatra and Celebes. which Lord Rosse described in 1845. Dr. Robinson remotest stars are very far within the limit of the 6 NEW TRANSLATION OF THE BIBLE.-The Nether-. From Sharpe's Magazine. LITERARY IMITATIONS AND SIMILARITIES, &c. "ONE of the most elegant of literary re- hold that every possible thought and image creations," says D'Israeli, "is that of trac-is traditional; who have no notion that ing poetical or prose imitations and simi- there are such things as fountains in the larities. There are few men of world, small as well as great; and who letters who have not been in the habit of would therefore charitably derive every rill marking parallel passages, or tracing imi- they behold flowing from a perforation tation in the thousand shapes it assumes; made in some other man's tank."* it forms, it cultivates, it delights taste to I will not dilate into an Essay what is observe by what dexterity and variation simply meant as a brief introduction, which genius conceals, or modifies, an original may give the reader some notice of what he thought or image, and to view the same is to expect in the miscellaneous scraps that ́sentiment or expression, borrowed with art, follow, and some intimation of the spirit in or heightened by embellishment."* which I have made and in which I would wish him to read my collections. Writing on the same subject, the same author, after observing that "resemblance, or coincidence, or similarity, may often occur, even peculiar expressions may catch. the eye, when no real imitation exists," beautifully adds (I know not whether the passage exists in print), "However, at all events, the labor will always please which puts in juxtaposition the same thought or expression. One delights to discover the fine variations of congenial minds, as one does the melting hues of the rainbow; they show the secrets of genius, and serve as the exercises of taste." Sheltered by so high an authority, I am "free to confess,"-not indeed that I am "a man of letters,' " which were a somewhat presumptuous style of confession, but -that I have been in the habit of mark66 "Thus then he disappear'd, was rarified; conceits, though generally far from "mise- Had Wordsworth in view the labors of his poetic predecessors when writing the charming lines to H. C.? If he had, they mended from his " pen:— On the Death of a very young gentleman. This latter passage seems to have furnishing parallel passages, or tracing imita-ed Young with his conceit--(full is he of tion." Widely, indeed, do I differ from the great literary veteran whose words I have borrowed, as to the quantity of materials on which I have exercised myself, and the skill and judgment wherewith I have worked them up; but I can at least most truly profess, like him, that such notices as I may set forth in print from my little collection of "Literary Imitations and Similarities, &c." "are not given with the petty malignant delight of detecting the unacknowledged imitations of our best writers." I have no ambition for the office of a mere policeman on Parnassus, peeping after stray goods, and apprehending suspicious characters. I trust, therefore, that I am not likely to be counted as one of those of whom Coleridge asserts, that "verily, there be amongst us a set of critics who seem to Poetical Imitations and Similarities: Curiosities of Literature, p. 205. Eleventh edition. come [forth, "What hast thou to do with sorrow, But at the touch of wrong without a strife, To H. C. six years old, 1802.† * Quoted from Note in Vol. II. of Tales, by Lord Byron. Murray, 1837. + Compare Dickens: "In shady spots the morning dew sparkled on each young leaf and blade of grass; It were, perhaps, too ludicrous to inquire whether the idea of "exhalation" is derived from ancient Pistol's rant "The grave doth gape, and doting death is near, Therefore exhale."-K. Hen. V. Act. ii. sc. 1. On which I have read the following comment: "Exhale, perhaps, here signifies draw, or, in Pistol's language, hale or lug out; but more probably it means, therefore breathe your last, or die; a threat common enough among dramatic herges of a higher rank than Pistol, who only expresses this idea in the fantastic language peculiar to his character." It may be added that Scott, in the last chapter of "Kenilworth," makes Varney sneeringly report the death of Alasco with the phrase, "Our friend has exhaled." And, once again, let me add an example of the word under notice (which I chanced to observe after arranging the preceding quotations), from Burton's "Anatomy of Melancholy," (1651), "How we were affected here in England for our Titus, deliciæ humani generis,' Prince Henrie's premature death, as if all our dearest friends' lives had exhaled with his !"-p. 237, 16th edition. II. "To-day the French, All clinquant, all in gold, like heathen gods, Shone down the English; and, to-morrow, they Made Britain, India: every man, that stood. Show'd like a mine."-K. Hen. VIII. Act i. sc. 1. "What a rich mine of jewels above ground, all so brave, so costly!"--[at a court masque.]—Fuller; Holy State. IV. 13. "The whole a labor'd quarry above ground." POPE, Moral Essays. Ep. iv. The resemblance (imitation or not) between Shakspere and Fuller is obvious. Had Pope in view Fuller's addition, "above ground," when he converted a kindred image to the purposes of satire? IV. "The accusing spirit who flew up to Heaven's Chancery with Uncle Toby's oath," &c. is a serio-ludicrous bit of Sterne, well known to most readers who have read even a book of elegant extracts. A kindred image to that of "Heaven's Chancery seems yet more quaint in the devotional poetry of the saintly Herbert : "How happy were my part, If some kind man would thrust his heart Enter'd for both, far above their desert!" Obedience. And in the "Meditations and Vowes" of Jos. Hall (1621), "I acknowledge no Master of Requests in Heaven, but one; Christ my Mediator." And Cowley, as he often does, runs into perfect burlesque when he says that "Bacon at last, a mighty man, arose, (Whom a wise king, and Nature chose Lord Chancellor of both their Laws) And boldly undertook the injured pupil's cause." To the Royal Society. V. Ἰδου, σιωπῶν λίσσεταί σ' ὅδ', ὦ πάτερ. "Behold, this boy silently supplicates thee, O Father!" EURIPIDES, Iphigenia in Aulis, 1140. "Speak thou, boy, Perhaps thy childishness will move him more Than can our reasons."-Coriolanus, Act v. sc. 3. VI. "Second Citizen. Consider you what services he has done for his country? "First Citizen. Very well; and could be content to give him good report for it, but that he pays himself with being proud."-Coriolanus, Act i. sc. 1. "There are many good things which are wholly spoiled if they do but touch the tongue; the doing favor, and acts of kindness. If you speak JER. TAYLOR, Serm. on the Good and Evil Tongue. of them, you pay yourself, and lose your kindness." "To John I owed great obligation; But John unhappily thought fit Sure John and I are more than quit.”—PRIOR. "Fame * 'Tis the world's debt to deeds of high degree; But if you pay yourself, the world is free." YOUNG, Satire IV. A kindred subject is amusingly illustrated in the following passages :— "It was an ill sign when he (Jehu) said to Jonadab, 'Come with me and see my zeal for the Lord.' Bad inviting guests to feed their eyes on our goodness. But hypocrites rather than they will lose a * The "old minor. . . captived philosophy." "We see many children fairly planted, whose parts of nature were never dressed by art, nor called from the furrows of their first possibilities by discipline and institution, and they dwelt for ever in ignorance, and converse with beasts; and yet, if they had been dressed and exercised, might have stood at the chairs of princes, or spoken parables amongst the rulers of cities."-JER. TAYLOR, Holy Dying, iii. 6. Compare this poetry, for splendid poetry it is, with the (intentionally or not) similar passage in Gray's "Elegy in a Country Churchyard:"- "Perhaps in this neglected spot is laid Some heart once pregnant with celestial fire; XI. conquered fugitive, looked for the last time upon his "Here," (at Glefinnan,)" Charles Edward, as a native country and hereditary kingdom, before he re-embarked to leave it for ever. They were bitter tears shed by the last of the Stuarts near this very spot, when, surrounded by more than a hundred Highland gentlemen whom his enterprise had ru Hands that the rod of empire might have sway'd,ined, he drew his sword with princely dignity to be Or wak'd to ecstasy the living lyre. But knowledge to their eyes her ample page And froze the genial current of the soul." VIII. "These violent delights have violent ends, Joy has her tears, and Transport has her death." "All now was sober certainty; the joy IX. gin an animating speech, but on turning to the brave men following him to banishment, he was struck to the heart with grief, suddenly sheathed it, and wept in silence."-Miss SINCLAIR, Scotland and the Scotch, p. 181, Second Thousand. not "Behold the picture! Is it " "like" .. this descriptive of an incident in a widely different career from that of "the young Chevalier ?" "The Spanish commander there dismounted from his jaded steed, and sitting down on the steps of an Indian temple, gazed mournfully on the broken files as they passed before him. What a spectacle did they present! The cavalry, most of them dismounted, were mingled with the infantry, who dragged their feeble limbs along with difficulty: their shattered mail and tattered garments, with the salt ooze, showing through their rents many a bruise and ghastly wound; their bright arms soiled, their proud crests and banners gone, the baggage, artillery, all, in short, that constitutes the proud panoply of glorious war, for ever lost. Cortes, as he looked wistfully on their thinned and disordered "Thou see t the world, Volumnius, how it goes; ranks, sought in vain for many a familiar face, and Julius Cæsar, Act v. sc. 5. When Cowper's flock of sheep, in "The Needless Alarm," are huddled about the pit (not a metaphorical one), listening in huge consternation to the huntsman's horn, and all the music of "ruthless joy" attendant on the unseen chase, a ram sums up an harangue to the woolly assembly with missed more than one dear companion who had stood side by side with him through all the perils of the conquest. Though accustomed to control his emotions, or, at least, to conceal them, the sight was too much for him. He covered his face with his hands, and the tears which trickled down revealed too plainly the anguish of his soul."-W. H. Prescott's History of the Conquest of Mexico, b. v. ch. 3. Any one conversant with the "Paradise Lost" can hardly fail to be reminded, when reading either of the above anecdotes, of the beautiful passage |