Sanitary Engineering: A Guide to the Construction of Works of Sewerage and House Drainage, with Tables for Facilitating the Calculations of the EngineerE. & F.N. Spon, 1878 - 559 Seiten |
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arrangement basin brick sewers carried cast iron cement charcoal cistern closet concrete constructed cowl Croydon cube feet Dantzic deposit depth dirt-box discharge disease district drainage drains earthenware effect enteric fever escape experiments fæcal matter fall feet per minute feet per second fever flow flushing gate gases gully head house-drains inches intercepting invert joint junction laid liable Llandudno manhole material mode ordinary oval sewers old overflow penstock placed Plate Portland cement prevent proper inclination quantity radius rainfall rates of inclination Roman cement running full running two-thirds full sanitary sewage sewer air sewer gas sewer ventilators sewerage sewers old form shafts shown in Fig shows soil pipe specific gravity stoneware street subsoil syphon system of sewers Table tank temperature tensile strength thickness tide tion town transverse diameter trap urinal valve velocity ventilating pipes ventilation of sewers vertical diameter volume water supply water-closet weir
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Seite 31 - ... when men died faster in the purest country air than they now die in the most pestilential lanes of our towns, and when men died faster in the lanes of our towns than they now die on the Coast of Guiana.
Seite 29 - When the civilization of Egypt, Greece, and Rome faded, the world passed through dark ages of mental and physical barbarism. For a thousand years there was not a man or woman in Europe that ever took a bath, if the historian of those times, Michelet, is to be believed.
Seite 29 - No wonder that there came the wondrous epidemics of the middle ages, which cut off one-fourth of the population of Europe — the spotted plague, the black death, sweating sickness, and the terrible mental epidemics which followed in their train — the dancing mania, the mewing mania, and the biting mania. Not only their persons, but their houses were uncleanly, even in the classes that were wellto-do. Filth, instead of being abhorred, was almost sanctified."— Lyon Play/air.
Seite 263 - Multiply the pressure to be supported in Ibs. by the square of the column's length in feet, and divide the product by twenty times the tabular value of E ; and the quotient will be equal to the breadth multiplied by the cube of the least thickness, both being expressed in inches. Note 1. — When the pillar or support is a square, its side will be the fourth root of the quotient.
Seite 31 - ... next day. An ordinance having been issued by the king that every householder should build a privy, the people violently opposed it as an arbitrary proceeding, and the physicians remonstrated against it, alleging that the filth absorbed the unwholesome particles of the air, which otherwise would be taken into the human body.
Seite 49 - But so far as London is concerned, and considering only the composition of the liquid which reaches the sewers in the time of rain from the streets, it seems pretty certain that it would be as valuable in a manuring point of view as the ordinary contents of the sewers. There would seem no reason, therefore, to exclude such waters on the ground of the dilution and deterioration of the sewage to which they might be supposed to lead.
Seite 11 - Its own means are superior to all the apparatus of your laboratories. Corvisart candidly agreed with me that all your filthy mixtures are good for nothing. Medicine is a collection of uncertain prescriptions, the results of which, taken collectively, are more fatal than useful to mankind.
Seite 30 - ... isles of Scotland. It was made of reeds and sticks plastered over with mud. In these wigwams lived an ague-stricken population. In the towns the mechanics lived in rooms without glass windows, slept on straw beds, and worked in workshops unheated by coal fires. Even in well-to-do houses rushes covered the earthen floors, and got saturated with scraps of food, which remained to putrefy under a new layer of rushes scattered over it, so that the " petremen " came to dig saltpetre out of the floors....
Seite 506 - Rome during the republic, and are noticed by several ancient writers. Those constructed in the palace of the Caesars were adorned with marbles, arabesque and mosaics. At the back of one still extant, there is a cistern, the water of which is distributed by cocks to different seats.
Seite 70 - Lancashire midden, for the sewage from Broadmoor Lunatic Asylum, in which these closets are partially used, exhibits no exceptional degree of weakness. ... It seems hopeless, therefore, to anticipate any substantial reduction of sewage pollution by dealing with solid excrementitious matters only.