House Drainage and Sanitary PlumbingD. Van Nostrand, 1882 - 205 Seiten |
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arrangement bath tubs bottom branch wastes cast iron caulked cellar cement cesspool clean cleanliness closet bowl cloth connection cowls danger diameter discharge drainage earthenware enameled faucet floor flow flush tank flushing rim foul gases foul matters frequently fresh air pipe grease trap hopper closets house drain illustrated inch pipe inner limb inside iron drain iron pipe joints kitchen sink latrines laundry tubs lead pipe lead trap liable located main drain oakum outlet overflow pipe pan closet pantry sinks pipes capped placed plumber plumbing fixtures plunger closets prevent Prof proper roof running trap S-trap Sanitary Engineer seal sewage sewer gas sewer trap side siphon siphonage slop hopper slop sinks soil and waste soil pipe special cistern supply pipe tight tiles tion traps under fixtures urinals valve closet velocity vent pipe ventilation vertical vols walls wash bowls washout closets waste pipes water closet trap water-seal traps woodwork
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Seite 105 - The decomposition which goes on in a soil is owing to four factors, viz., presence of decomposable organic matters (animal or vegetable), heat, air, and moisture. These emanations are at present known only by their effects ; they may be mere chemical agencies, but more probably they are low forms of life which grow and propagate in these conditions. At any rate, moisture appears to be an essential element in their production. The ground water is presumed to affect health by rendering the soil above...
Seite 63 - After comparing the Cowls very carefully with each other, and all of them with a plain open pipe as the simplest and in fact only available standard, the Sub-Committee find that none of the Exhaust Cowls cause a more rapid current of air than prevails in an open pipe under similar conditions but without any cowl fitted on it.
Seite 64 - In order to effect a constant movement .and change of air in the pipes, two openings are required, an outlet and an inlet. The extension of the soil pipe through the roof provides only an escape for the foul air generated in the soil and waste pipes through the decomposition of foul organic matter clinging to the interior and lodging in traps under water-closets and fixtures. But in order to oxidize and render harmless this organic matter undergoing putrefaction within the pipes, a constant introduction...