Human Biodiversity: Genes, Race, and HistoryTransaction Publishers, 2001 - 321 Seiten Are humans unique? This simple question, at the very heart of the hybrid field of biological anthropology, poses one of the false of dichotomies--with a stereotypical humanist answering in the affirmative and a stereotypical scientist answering in the negative. The "study "of human biology is different from the study of the biology of other species. In the simplest terms, people's lives and welfare may depend upon it, in a sense that they may not depend on the study of other scientific subjects. Where science is used to validate ideas--four out of five scientists preferring a brand of cigarettes or toothpaste--there is a tendency to accept the judgment as authoritative without asking the kinds of questions we might ask of other citizens' pronouncements. In "Human Biodiversity, "Marks has attempted to distill from a centuries-long debate what has been learned and remains to be learned about the biological differences within and among human groups. His is the first such attempt by an anthropologist in years, for genetics has undermined the fundamental assumptions of racial taxonomy. The history of those assumptions from Linnaeus to the recent past--the history of other, more useful assumptions that derive from Buffon and have reemerged to account for genetic variation--are the poles of Marks's exploration. |
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... Adaptation Stories 26 Disturbing the Conservative Nature of Heredity 28 Reproduction of Organisms : Meiosis Reproduction of Populations : The Gene Pool 29 32 Microevolutionary Processes 33 Macroevolutionary Processes 37 Evolutionary ...
... Adaptation Genetic Adaptation Human Variation as Phenotype Adaptation Nutritional Variation Uniquenesses of Human Adaptation Cultural Selection Culture as a Social Marker 183 185 187 191 193 195 196 198 199 11 HEALTH AND HUMAN ...
... adaptation of the drawing of the human and chim- panzee hands by John Napier , first published in 1980 ( chapter 10 ) ; and Harvard University Press for the adaptation of one of the ant legs drawn by Sarah Landry for Insect Societies by ...
... adaptation of the " pineapple " in chapter 7. Finally , thanks are due the copyright holder , Harcourt Brace and Company , for generously allowing me to adapt two illustrations of my own ( the hominid skulls in chapter 2 and skull ...
... adapting to similar environments will adapt in sim- ilar ways . Or sometimes the changes are not necessarily adaptations at all , but simply part of the possible range of forms that an organism can take , and two species both happen to ...
Inhalt
PROCESSES AND PATTERNS IN THE EVOLUTIONARY | 25 |
The Gene Pool | 32 |
Evolutionary Narratives | 38 |
Patterns in the Evolution of Species and Culture | 44 |
PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY AS THE STUDY | 49 |
Notes | 60 |
History Biology and the Theory of Progress | 66 |
The Culture Concept Nudges Out the Race Concept | 73 |
Hemoglobin Variation in the Human Species | 146 |
HUMAN DIVERSITY IN THE LIGHT | 157 |
Patterns of Genetic Differentiation | 165 |
Patterns of Genetic Diversity | 172 |
THE ADAPTIVE NATURE OF HUMAN VARIATION | 183 |
HEALTH AND HUMAN POPULATIONS | 203 |
HERITAGE OR HABITUS? | 219 |
GENETICS AND THE EVOLUTION OF HUMAN | 237 |
RACIAL AND RACIST ANTHROPOLOGY | 99 |
PATTERNS OF VARIATION IN HUMAN | 117 |
Genetics and the Human Races | 125 |
Genetics of the Human Species | 133 |
The Genome | 139 |
How do we Establish the Genetic Base | 243 |
CONCLUSIONS | 265 |
Index | 314 |
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