Human Biodiversity: Genes, Race, and HistoryTransaction Publishers, 2001 - 321 Seiten Are humans unique? This simple question, at the very heart of the hybrid field of biological anthropology, poses one of the false of dichotomies--with a stereotypical humanist answering in the affirmative and a stereotypical scientist answering in the negative. The "study "of human biology is different from the study of the biology of other species. In the simplest terms, people's lives and welfare may depend upon it, in a sense that they may not depend on the study of other scientific subjects. Where science is used to validate ideas--four out of five scientists preferring a brand of cigarettes or toothpaste--there is a tendency to accept the judgment as authoritative without asking the kinds of questions we might ask of other citizens' pronouncements. In "Human Biodiversity, "Marks has attempted to distill from a centuries-long debate what has been learned and remains to be learned about the biological differences within and among human groups. His is the first such attempt by an anthropologist in years, for genetics has undermined the fundamental assumptions of racial taxonomy. The history of those assumptions from Linnaeus to the recent past--the history of other, more useful assumptions that derive from Buffon and have reemerged to account for genetic variation--are the poles of Marks's exploration. |
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... chimpanzees interacting to sense that their minds are like our minds . Ape biology and human biology are of a piece with one another . And ultimately of a piece with clam biology and fly biology . The study of human biology , however ...
... chimpanzee . Tyson had already written definitive monographs on the anatomy of a dolphin and an opossum , but the subject of the new monograph was different , for it bore directly upon the place of humans in the natural sphere . The new ...
... chimpanzee or an orang - utan . His illustration is ambiguous ( Figure 1.1 ) . Nevertheless , Tulp named the animal following the local ( Bornean ) designation : orang - outang , or man of the woods [ orang - outang , sive homo ...
... chimpanzee . Along with the genus Gorilla , it rep- resents the closest living relative of our own genus , Homo . Somewhat more distantly removed from the human - chimp - gorilla triad is the orang - utan ( Pongo ) of southeast Asia ...
Genes, Race, and History Jonathan M. Marks. human chimpanzee gorilla orang - utan Figure 1.5 . Relations of the great ... chimpanzees and gorillas . " The genetic changes do not accumulate at the same pace as the anatomical changes , and ...
Inhalt
PROCESSES AND PATTERNS IN THE EVOLUTIONARY | 25 |
The Gene Pool | 32 |
Evolutionary Narratives | 38 |
Patterns in the Evolution of Species and Culture | 44 |
PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY AS THE STUDY | 49 |
Notes | 60 |
History Biology and the Theory of Progress | 66 |
The Culture Concept Nudges Out the Race Concept | 73 |
Hemoglobin Variation in the Human Species | 146 |
HUMAN DIVERSITY IN THE LIGHT | 157 |
Patterns of Genetic Differentiation | 165 |
Patterns of Genetic Diversity | 172 |
THE ADAPTIVE NATURE OF HUMAN VARIATION | 183 |
HEALTH AND HUMAN POPULATIONS | 203 |
HERITAGE OR HABITUS? | 219 |
GENETICS AND THE EVOLUTION OF HUMAN | 237 |
RACIAL AND RACIST ANTHROPOLOGY | 99 |
PATTERNS OF VARIATION IN HUMAN | 117 |
Genetics and the Human Races | 125 |
Genetics of the Human Species | 133 |
The Genome | 139 |
How do we Establish the Genetic Base | 243 |
CONCLUSIONS | 265 |
Index | 314 |
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