474 NOTES AND QUERIES. Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles. us vre strewn is from the Daily Telegraph in 1900. Under the form koo-too, kotow is met with so early as 184 Karoo or karroo a barren tract in South Africa, di Hottentot origin, but of uncertain etymology, date We back to the eighteenth century, being used a the word Islam used in Purchas so early as 1614 for Paterson so early as 1789. One is surprised to find "catholike or right-beleeving Musulmans.” piece of modern have to wait a couple of centuries before encounter ing another instance of use. Jobation=a rebuke œ reproof, which we had regarded as slang, we find with some surprise in use so early as affording sense 1687. Jaw to speak, and as a substantive vulgar The word in anatomy is said to be of difficult With jaw in the **lace loquacity, is in both senses traced to Smollett, 17 &c. If etymology, the evidence known to conflicting indications. of loquacity Smollett associates the phrase your jacket." Under jacket we find to line one's jacket, dust, swinge, thrash, turn, were to seek a word that would best illustrate the utility of the Dictionary and the stores of erudition in it, we need not travel beyond Jack in fellow, the associate of Jyll or Jill, to Jack-aall its various significations, from Jack, a commot Many curious and interesting facts are given Lantern. We should expect to find every man Jack in the preface. We are told that whereas in in common use at an early time, but fail to do so, the Bosworth-Toller Anglo-Saxon Dictionary' H the earliest authority advanced being Dickens. occupies five times as many pages as I, in the Jack=knave at cards, is found in 1674 ; jack which modern Dictionary I requires rather more pages strikes the bell of a clock belongs to 1498; the jack than H. This is, of course, due to the number of which turns the spit to 1587; boot-jack to 1679; words beginning with the Latin prefixes in in (il, jack=pike to 1587. No special information as to im, ir), inter, intra, intro. Few of these words are Jack Robinson, "before one can say Jack Robinson," old enough to have sustained any phonetic or even is supplied, though Jack Adams in the seventeenth orthographic change, and few of them readily form century a fool. Far too numerous for mention are compounds. Hence, while the main words in I the combinations of this word. The reader is amount to 11,350, against 8,900 in H, subordinate counselled to study jackanapes, and, indeed, all words and combinations, special or obvious, change that is found under the word. Almost the only the balance and assign H a total of 16,013 words, combination of Jack which is not clear is jack-knife, against 14,447, which are all that can be claimed which is said to reach us apparently from the by I. J and K have respectively but 1,727 and United States. The few words with which we deal 1,577 words. H contains, it is said, no Latin prefix, are taken haphazard from the later portion of the but has, on the other hand, many learned words volume, and are in no sense representative. Another Of the exotic words with the set would have answered in every way as well. from the Greek. non-English initial combinations ka-, kh-, kl-, ko-, As we have previously said, the only change we kr-, ku-, ky-, it is said that, numerous as these could ask is an absolute impossibility, and is appear, it would have been easy to double their accordingly futile, viz., that the conditions of As to the amount of support now number if every such word occurring in English study required less imperatively a high desk and requirement. That no country possesses a books, or current in the English of colonies and a bright light; and younger eyes may find no similar dependencies, had been admitted. Dr. Murray's constant effort has been to keep down rather than accorded this truly national venture we have no this part of the white man's new information. to exaggerate burden.' In the long list of services recognized work so thoroughly up to date is conceded. The names constantly appearing in 'N. & Q.' find highest scholarship of various countries has been naturally a prominent place. A further tribute, of brought to bear upon the work from the outset. unequalled warmth, is paid the late Dr. Fitzedward As supplements will from time to time, and accordHall, the F. H. of our columns, whose death is an ing to requirements, be issued, the Dictionary will be incalculable loss to the Dictionary and would have kept up to date, and the consideration most disbeen irreparable, but that the whole of his MS. tressing to students of limited means in the case of collections have been handed over to the editor, important works of reference, that by the time one and that free access to his important library is edition is completed another is demanded, will not As a pure labour of love Dr. Fitz- apply. A suggestion previously made in these permitted. edward Hall devoted for many years several hours columns, that there should be places in every disin the day to the examination of proofs and to trict in which the work should be accessible to enriching them from his enormous collections of scholars, bore some fruit, and one spirited connotes. To the recognition awarded to Mr. James tributor to N. & Q.' declared that his own copy Platt, Jun., for information concerning words in should be at the disposal of those dwelling in his we craved, and still crave, is a society that would remote languages we have already referred. While neighbourhood. This is well so far as it goes. What dealing with the foreign words in K it may be said that the ill-omened word kopje, so frequent in use appoint centres at which it could always be graof late, is first encountered in 1881 in the Contem tuitously consulted. That difficulties attend such porary Review, and that its one combination kopje-proceedings is apparent. Municipal libraries, how " ever, increase in number, and such form convenient centres. The time may speedily arrive when every moderately sized town will have a reference library, and each of these should have the Dictionary and its supplements. Such views are perhaps regarded as Utopian; but we have lived to see so many schemes derided and pooh-poohed, then contemplated and weighed, and ultimately adopted, that we cease to be numbered with those of little faith. Meanwhile we commend the new volume to the attention of our readers. Mary Rich, Countess of Warwick (1625-1678): her Family and Friends. By Charlotte Fell Smith. (Longmans & Co.) AMONG the many women, chaste, virtuous, and noble, who help to redeem from the charge of entire corruption the period of the Restoration has to be counted Mary Boyle, daughter of the first Earl of Cork, and by marriage Mary Rich, subsequently Countess of Warwick. Not for a moment is she to be compared, as regards influence or ability, with Margaret Cavendish, the great Duchess of Newcastle (Mad Meg of Newcastle, as she was sometimes called), nor, in regard of personal charm, with Dorothy Osborne, Lady Temple, one of the most fascinating women in literature or fiction. Quite worthy is she, however, to occupy a niche in seventeenth-century history near That sweet saint who sate by Russell's side. Saintliness is, indeed, her highest qualification for remembrance, though she had, as records show, a considerable leaven of firmness not easily distinguishable from obstinacy, nor, in those days, easily dissociable from undutifulness. While engaged upon the life of this exemplary ladyexemplary, at least, in many respects for the 'Dictionary of National Biography Miss Charlotte Fell Smith became interested in her subject, and conceived the idea of devoting to her a more sustained labour, the results of which are seen in the present volume. Materials for the task accomplished are abundant. With certain lacune the diary which Mary Rich undertook, and maintained with commendable perseverance, is in the British Museum, where are also her 'Meditations.' Extracts from these have been issued for the Religious Tract Society, and 'Some Specialities in the Life of M. Warwick' was edited by Crofton Croker for the Percy Society. From the Lismore Papers and from other sources additional information was obtained. A sermon preached by Anthony Walker, D.D., at her funeral at Felsted, in Essex, 30 April, 1678, was issued in 8vo in the same year, "with so large additions, as may be stiled the Life of that noble Lady, to which are annexed some of her Ladyship's Meditations." a On examining the MSS. Miss Smith found, as she owns, "no rare literary gems, no important historical document." "Yet," she continues, gracious, womanly, domestic life was revealed, a life which seemed too true and beautiful to be left unheeded. At the same time there came to light a wealth of information concerning the clergy, residents, and social life of the county of Essex at the period." Not wholly domestic, in spite of Miss Smith's disclaimer, though principally so, are the glimpses we obtain. In chap. vii. we have an interesting account of the Royalist invasion of Lees and the efforts-and shall we say diplomacy? -of our heroine to conceal weapons, learn of | the accident to Sir Charles Lucas, and assist at his murder and that of his associate Sir George Lisle. We own to be less devoted to the pious countess than is Miss Smith, and like her better in her early days, when her father spoke of her as his "unruly daughter" for her persistent refusal of the husband he had chosen for her, or when, with no less resolution, though after a nice balancing of chances, she married secretly her self-chosen lover, younger son though he was. There is much in the diary that is of more than temporary interest, and we are glad of the glimpses that are furnished us of the brave young Boyles, Dungarvan, Broghill, and the rest. Lady Warwick's Meditations are edifying rather than poetical. She "meditates" upon anything that comes under her observation. Some of her reflections might well have been taken from the books of emblems then in fashion. Shakespeare may well have animated some. "A goodly apple, rotten at the heart," seems directly suggested when we find a heading such as Upon seeing a very fair and beautiful apple, but when I had cut it, finding it rotten at the heart." A great addition to the attractions of a handsome and readable book, which makes direct appeal to a large public, is found in the illustrations. These include portraits of the heroine after Vandyck and R. White, of the first Earl and first Countess of Cork, the first Countess of Orrery, the second Earl of Warwick, Roger Boyle, Lord Broghill, with many others, and views of Lismore Castle and Lees-" Delicious Leez," as Lady Warwick calls the Essex residence, now in ruins, which she so long occupied. THE first article in the Fortnightly consists of Guerilla and Counter - Guerilla,' by Sir Charles Dilke, with which we must not deal, strong as is the temptation so to do. Most of the contents of the number come in the same category. The first non-controversial paper consists of that of Mr. H. Buxton Forman on Richardson, Fielding, and the Andrews Family.' An animated account is given of the youth of Richardson, who was, "from a boy's point of view, not a little of a milksop, with all the weak ways of that uncomfortable type the superior person," and, it is added, "just as the form of his future masterpieces were [sic] determined by his bent towards letter-writing, so the narrowly sententious, not to say sanctimonious, tone of his writings was derived from the early course of his employments and studies." The question is raised whether Richardson was, in fact, so scrupulous a moralist as he seems, and whether the sexual misdemeanours he holds up in 'Pamela' had not so much attraction for him as to be a determining influence on his choice of a theme. This, at least, Fielding seems to have thought, and by this opinion was inspired the satirical purpose with which Joseph Andrews' was begun, though it was to a certain extent abandoned as the work progressed. The influence upon Richardson of Fielding's treatment is held to have been wholly beneficial. Writing The Irish Literary Theatre and its Affinities," Mr. Stephen Gwynn is less wholly eulogistic than we expected to find him. As an institution the movement finds, naturally, his support. He is not, however, insensible to the extravagance of some of its supporters, which prevents the movement from receiving much serious attention in England. Mr. Richard Davey writes entertainingly and well when advancing 'A Few More French Facts,' and his article repays study. He is oblivious enough, how on 476 the war. are ever, to talk about a "Sybil" (sic). Tehelkache,' a most readable account of 'Thackeray in the with which the number concludes, is a translation United States,' and, besides supplying many is from Maxime Gorki and is inexpressibly grim and teresting anecdotes, reproduces two water-color The most remarkable article in the sketches of the novelist. Mr. Austin Dobson gios terrible. Nineteenth Century is that by Mr. W. H. Mallock, in his 'Ombres Chinoises' a characteristically out called A New Light on the Bacon-Shakespeare picture of last-century life. An exceedingly p The statements advanced are discouragia Cypher.' We own to not having time to work out teresting paper on the Reading Public' is the join the theory Mr. Mallock advances, or to comprehend production of Mr. Andrew Lang and a workin what is called the bi-literal cypher excogitated by man. No doubt this might be done by the enough, but a few genuine readers are to be found Bacon. expenditure of a moderate amount of labour. We can point to a working man who knows mon at either or any university. Mrs. Henry Clarer We cannot all of us do all things, however, and about the Tudor dramatists than ever a professer in days when claims upon attention numerous and so urgent, one is compelled to Paget describes a daring visit to The Ruby Mine limit one's interest. When we say, accordingly, of Upper Burma.' A Londoner's Log-Book 'rethat what commends itself to Mr. Mallock, and mains very amusing, and 'The Tale of the Grea ton scolds Defoe for his narrative of 'The Apparition: is declared to be "of pathetic and dignified Mutiny' is finished. In the Gentleman's Mr. Brether the Casket beauty," does not similarly impress us, we own that our negative utterance is of little value or of Mrs. Veal.' Miss Amy Tasker answers in the Surely the interest. At the same time, we are willing to grant negative her inquiry 'Did Mary Stuart love Boththat a mystery which so warmly commends itself well?' and rather airily dismisses to a mind so logical as that of Mr. Mallock deserves Letters as forgeries. The questions concerning Mary to be studied, even though the result, if we accept Stuart are not to be settled just yet. the deduction, would be to beget a species of Camille Domet mentioned in M. Maurice Daumart's infidelity, the result of which who shall foresee? Censorship of Plays in France' should be Camille The mystery of Mary Stuart, on which Mr. Lang Doucet. Another article is on 'Marriage and Musi has tried to throw light, would be pale and insig- in China.'-The most interesting paper in Longman's nificant indeed beside that of Shakespeare, Queen is that by the Rev. John Vaughan on Some Additions Elizabeth, Bacon, and Margaret of Navarre. We to our Native Flora,' showing what new plants have cannot avoid a little dubiety whether Mr. Mallock spread from cultivation into wild growth and are 'The Love Affairs of Frances Cromwell,' Miss is quite serious. A comparatively small portion of doing something to compensate for the destruction the review is occupied with questions concerning of our native species. Miss C. Fell Smith writes on In Marriage and Modern Civilization Mr. W. S. Lilly finds that Roman Catholic views as Dempster on the 'Letters of Lady Louisa Stewart to marriage and divorce are preferable to those to Miss Louisa Clinton,' and George Paston on accepted by other ecclesiastical communities. Sir The Eighteenth-Century Felon.' Robert Anderson's views as to the way in which to treat professional criminals commend themselves to us, but we despair of seeing their adoption. Sir Wemyss Reid has been in America, and his monthly communication gains in interest from what he has seen and heard. Mr. Justice Grantham's 'Plea for the Circuit System' is a novelty in its way. Nelson's article on 'Back to the Land' may be read in connexion with Mr. Trevelyan's 'The White Peril.' Mr. John Coleman advocates A National Theatre.' 'Sketches in a Northern Town,' Part II., 'Child-Settlers for South Africa,' and other contents repay perusal.-Attention in the case of the Pall Mall is almost monopolized by the article of Mr. W. E. Henley on Robert Louis Stevenson, simply headed 'R. L. S.' This has been the subject of attack or defence in nearly every literary periodical. We will contribute nothing to a controversy which concerns us not, but will only protest against the growing habit of using initials for persons or things. It is a time rather to make names more precise. Everybody will know, perhaps, who is intended by P. B. S. or E. B. B., but surely M. F. T. is beginning to be forgotten, and we do not wish under C. M. to be perplexed between Christopher Marlowe and, say, Cosmo Monkhouse. Under the heading A Literary Friendship' Mr. William Sharp describes the sustained intimacy between Mr. Swinburne and Mr. Theodore WattsDunton. Col. Newnham Davis writes on 'Good Form' at school and university, in barracks, and A Popular Illustrator' deals with elsewhere. Steinlen. The Rebuilding of London,' with London as it is, is capital. Mr. Sime's illustration Hey-diddle-diddle' is very comic.-General James Grant Wilson gives in the Cornhill to Earl Notices to Correspondents. We must call special attention to the following notices: ON all communications must be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for pubWE cannot undertake to answer queries privately. To secure insertion of communications correlication, but as a guarantee of good faith. spondents must observe the following rules. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. When answerentries in the paper, contributors are requested to ing queries, or making notes with regard to previous Correspondents who repeat put in parentheses, immediately after the exact heading, the series, volume, and page or pages to which they refer. queries are requested to head the second communication “Duplicate." DEVONIAN (Pomeroy Family of Devon,' ante, CORRIGENDUM.-P. 423, col. 2, 1. 2, for "Howard" p. 424).-Send address. We have a letter for you. read Havard. NOTICE. Editorial communications should be addressed to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries ""-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher"We beg leave to state that we decline to return at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E. C. communications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception. The ATHENAEUM, every SATURDAY, price THREEPENCE, of JOHN C. FRANCIS, Athenæum Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C. And of all Newsagents. Edited by ROBERT S. RAIT, Fellow of New College, Oxford. HER LATE MAJESTY QUEEN VICTORIA graciously accepted the Dedication of the Volume scarcely a month before her lamented death. Of this unique and highly interesting work 275 Copies only have been printed, of which 250 Numbered Copies only are for sale. Price 42s. net. "Brings to light some last poetical remains of King James, and in so doing pays grateful suit to royalty in this artistic folio, luxuriously printed, and 'inscribed with deepest reverence to the memory of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, who was graciously pleased to accept the dedication of this volume of poems by her lineal ancestor.' Mr. Rait has before now fairly won his spurs as a student of history to whose supervision the august shade of the wisest of the Stewarts might not have disdained to commit his royal and somewhat tender reputation." ENGLISH Athenæum. CORONATION RECORDS. Edited by L. G. WICKHAM LEGG. Illustrated. 31s. 6d. net. The STALL PLATES of the KNIGHTS of the GARTER, 1348-1485. Edited by W. H. ST. JOHN HOPE. 90 Coloured Plates. Limited Edition. 61. net. BURMA UNDER BRITISH RULE. By Dr. JOHN NISBET. 2 vols. 32s. net. The LIFE of PASTEUR. By Rene VALLERY-RADOT. 2 vols. 32s. TRAVELS ROUND OUR VILLAGE. By ELEANOR G. HAYDEN. Illustrated by L. L. Brooke. 7s. 6d. net. DANTE and GIOVANNI DEL VIRGILIO. By P. H. WICKSTEED and EDMUND G. GARDNER. 12s. CONSTABLE'S TIME TABLE of MODERN HISTORY, A.D. 400-1870. Compiled by M. MORISON. 12s. 6d. net. CONSTABLE'S HAND ATLAS of INDIA. Arranged by J. G. BARTHOLOMEW. 14s. LAKE GENEVA and its LITERARY LANDMARKS. By FRANCIS GRIBBLE. Illustrated. 188. WOMEN and MEN of the FRENCH RENAISSANCE. By EDITH SICHEL. Illustrated. 16s. net. ASIA and EUROPE. By Meredith LIST. The PASTON LETTERS, 1422-1509 A.D. A Reprint of the Edition of 1872-5, whic contained upwards of Five Hundred Letters, &c., ti then unpublished, to which are now added others in Supplement after the Introduction edited by JAMES GAIRDNER, of the Public Record Office. 4 vob crown 8vo, gilt top, with a Photogravure Frontispiec to each vol., price 21s. net for the 4 vols. THE FOURTH VOLUME, INTRODUCTION AND SUPPLEMENT, The May be purchased separately, price 10s. 6d. net. "A reprint of Mr. James Gairdner's edition of 'The Paston Letters' with some fresh matter, including a new introduction. Originally published in 1872-75, it was reprinted in 1895, and is now again reproduced. introductions have been reset in larger type, and joined together in one, conveniently broken here and there by fresh headings. The preface is practically a new one..... It is highly satisfactory for readers who care about history. introduced and annotated edition of these famous letters." social or political, to have this well-printed and admirably Morning Post. THE WORKS OF WILLIAM In 20 imperial 16mo vols. With Title-Page and COLOURED ILLUSTRATIONS. Cloth gilt extra, gilt top, gilt back, with Headband and Bookmarker, 2s. 6d. net per vol. Each Volume sold separately. "The type is excellent. The books are of a convenient shape, light, and easy to hold.”—Times. "A notable feature of the edition is a series of beautiful illustrations, reproduced in colours on Japanese paper." Morning Leader. POCKET EDITION OF 15 vols. 2s. 6d. net each vol. cloth; or 3s. 6d. net in Now ready: The ORDEAL of RICHARD FEVE REL.-BEAUCHAMP'S CAREER.-DIANA of the CROSSWAYS.-The EGOIST.-EVAN HAR RINGTON. Remaining Volumes at Fortnightly intervals. ILLUSTRATED EDITION OF BOSWELL'S LIFE OF JOHNSON. Edited by AUGUSTINE BIRRELL. Illustrated with 100 Collotype Portraits arranged by Ernest Radford. 6 vols. 36s. net. "The book is neatness itself in its maroon buckram cover and its white paper title label. The page is a pretty one...... Excellent illustrations chosen by Mr. Ernest Radford." Academy. NEW ILLUSTRATED LIST SENT POST FREE ON APPLICATION. ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE & CO., LIMITED, Westminster. Printed by JOHN EDWARD FRANCIS, Athenæum Press, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C.; and Published by JOHN C. FRANCIS at Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E. C.-Saturday, December 7, 1901. |