miles became necessary, it was a matter of very nice management to prevent upsetting, the bottom being very unequal and broken up. In some places the driver only could go, it being necessary that he should stand and balance the vehicle in its passage. up Here the rest of the party crossed on foot, upon rails, which the country people had laid together for the purpose, taken from the fences; or we had recourse to the fences themselves as a foot-bridge, holding on by the upper rail, and moving our feet along a lower one. In one place, Mr. Guérout's little low runnered cariole, called a Verlina, was floating. These scenes brought forcibly to mind that passage in the 147th Psalm, when, after describing the intensity of frost, the Psalmist says, "He sendeth out His word and melteth them: He causeth His wind to blow, and the waters flow." The roughnesses which I did encounter here or elsewhere in the journey are such as are constantly familiar to the Missionaries; and I could by no means call them severe, but I had deep cause for thankfulness to God for being able, such as they were, to go through them without any sort of injury or extreme fatigue, when I remembered that at the same time last year, I was in a condition which caused my friends to augur that, if spared, I should be disabled for life,

"After the service, Mr. Bourne drove me on to the Mission of Mr. Torrance, and at the end of about twenty miles, all of abominable road except the last two or three, performed upon the River Achigan, of which we found the ice perfectly sound, we reached North Glasgow, where Mr. Torrance had come to meet us from Mascouche. Having refreshed ourselves and the horses, we set out again, having a dozen miles further to go, to the wild and sequestered township of Kilkenny, Midnight was approaching, when, after winding our way through the tall, solemn, wintry woods, composed in part of pines of a remarkable height, we reached our destination, in the house of a settler, consisting of two little rooms, of which one was assigned to Mr. Torrance and myself. Mr. Bourne had previously turned off to seek accommodation in another part of the township. Our Irish hosts were excellent people : devotedly attached to the Church, and recommending its principles in their lives and deportment. My servant and hired driver were stowed with the family in the outer room, or kitchen; I hardly know how. The next morning we drove to the church, where Mr. Bourne met us, passing on our way what is jocosely called the Cathedral of Kilkenny, being a little log school house, roofed with bark, and lighted with four panes, in which the Missionaries formerly officiated. The church is a small wooden unpainted building, with square topped windows, but it harmonizes with the present state of things in the worship; and I verily believe it to be attended by some worshippers who worship the Father in spirit and in truth. I consecrated this humble edifice, which is regularly fitted up for public service in the interior, and confirmed in it twenty-four persons. It was the first Episcopal visit. They asked me to give the church a name, as I had objected to the proposal of calling it the Mountain Church, which was partly intended as a compliment to myself; and I called it after St. John the Baptist, as being

built for preaching in the wilderness, with which they were highly pleased. God grant that the preacher calling upon men to repent, and at the same time indicating the Lamb of God which taketh away the sin of the world, may prepare the way of Christ among the people."

PRACTICAL EVILS OF DISSENT.

"THE village of Huntingdon is one among many examples of the deplorable effects of schism in a new country. There, in a spot scarcely reclaimed from the woods, is a little collection of houses, a good mill, a tavern or two, some few tradesmen, and some commencing indications of business; one good spacious church might contain all the worshippers; one faithful pastor might tend them all, and their resources for the support of religion, if combined, might provide for all the decencies of worship in a reverent manner, and for the comfort of the minister and his family they might, in laying their foundations for the future, exhibit in the article of religion, which should be their all in all, the picture of a little Christian brotherhood; and the village not drawing, or drawing comparatively little, upon the bounty of the Colonial cities or Societies at home, the aid derivable from those sources might the more largely supply the unprovided tracts of country in the wilderness. But here are four Protestants places of worship-altar against altar, all ill appointed, all ill supported: and while discordant preaching is going on, or unholy leagues are made of two or three irregular sects against the Church, and violent excitements are resorted to, like the getting up of the steam, to force on a particular interest at a particular conjuncture, many a ruder and more remote settlement is supplied only at wide intervals by the extraordinary efforts of this or that minister; and then again marked often by a mutual jealousy, heightened when the Church is the object of it, to an acrimonious and unscrupulous hostility. In these instances the forbearance and dignity of the Church have, I think I may say without prejudice, stood in most advantageous contrast with the proceedings of other parties. But what cause have we to imitate the prayer of the Lord himself, that they all may be one, even as he and his Father are one! to pray and long for a nearer approach to that happy consummation described by the Apostle, that there may be no divisions among them, and that they may be all perfectly joined together in the same mind and in the same spirit. The Church, whatever opposition she may encounter, can be the only possible instrument of bringing on these blessed results; and the conviction of this truth will surely be a stimulus to all the friends and supporters of the Venerable Society to add to its means of planting her standard in the rising settlements of the American Colonies.

"Mr. Morris is much beloved, and has at different times received anonymous as well as avowed presents of poultry, or other small tokens of good will, such as the country people could afford to give."

Not only are many districts in Canada without any clergyman at all, but even those who possess this advantage, are often so extensive, that, although their pastor is worn out with his exertions in travelling, his flock can hope for no more than occasional visits.

His charge,

"At Colonel Schriver's, I took leave of Mr. Plees. although it lies within fixed limits, is wholly of an itinerant character. At St. Remi, which is his home, (so far as he has one,) he officiates upon one Sunday and one week-day in the month. Both these are evening services, to which he returns after labouring elsewhere. He has four other Sunday stations in his mission: eleven regular stations for appointed services in all. He officiates twenty-three or twentyfour times every month, and his monthly circuit is 235 miles, besides all extra calls. ****

"I was now, on the 1st of February, on my way from the mission of Mr. Plees to the adjacent mission of the Rev. C. Morice, which is precisely of the same description. About three miles from Hemmingford Corner, I stopped to inspect the commencement of a church, which unhappily is at a stand. The walls are raised a few feet from the ground; but the unfrequency of the ministrations which the Church can extend to the spot, the poverty of the people, and some disappointments which they have experienced, have caused them to desist from their operations, although not to abandon the hope of resuming them. I met some of the leading settlers, by appointment, and endeavoured to encourage them, but they seemed to be a good deal disheartened. Great and humiliating are the difficulties with which the Church of the sovereign and the empire-that empire the greatest and most glorious upon earth-has to struggle in these portions of British territory. Many must be the anxieties and mortifications of one abundantly conscious of his own insufficiency, upon whom "cometh the care of all the churches" in a diocese like this! and heavily must he often feel the force of the questions, "Who is weak, and I am not weak? Who is offended, and I burn not?" Very needful for him is it to be strengthened in faith, and to keep before his eyes the assurance that Christ will forget no portion of that Church for which He shed His blood. Much comfort ought he to take also in considering the means which God has raised up in the great Church Societies at home for preserving the seed of the Church in the colonies, and in cultivating a lively trust that those means will be enlarged. The scenes in which I was now engaged, (among many others) were calculated to suggest such a train of reflections as this."

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THE

CHRISTIAN REMEMBRANCER.

AUGUST, 1843.

On Heroes, Hero-worship, and the Heroic in History. Six Lectures. By THOMAS CARLYLE. London: Nickisson. Pp. 393. HAVING noticed this work when it first appeared, we are only drawn to it again by the carly demand for a second edition, followed so closely by a new work of the same prolific author. If our readers are of opinion that we give an undue importance to the subject, in thus departing from our usage, we can but plead our settled conviction that, in this age of loose and shallow thinking, the works of Thomas Carlyle are eminently calculated to influence the veering opinions of young and old; and that, therefore, it is impossible to overrate their importance. They are rapidly circulated-they are widely read, and greedily-they are on the tables and shelves of Catholic and Sectarian-of scholar and smatterer. Churchmen cling fondly to the hope, that even yet the voice of this new warrior may swell the battle-cry of the Christian ranks; and Dissenters, ever ready to make common cause with the enemies of the Church, find in him a present powerful ally, without inquiring too curiously into the precise nature of his religious tenets. So that, with the forbearance of one, and the gaping admiration of another, Carlyle is fast gaining an influence which, be it good or evil, will be long felt in every joint and muscle of English society. And doubtless, if earnestness and eloquence, working with the stores of a miscellaneous and unusual erudition, can alone entitle to influence, we cannot dispute his claim to eminence. But it shall be the aim of this paper to show that, in matters of more weighty moment, the whole philosophy of this writer is defective and unsatisfactory; that it would unsettle old things without settling new; that it will not brook the test of cool examination; and that when the quiet rays of reason have evaporated the froth of trope and metaphor, there is left to the student a worthless caput mortuum, of no use to soul or body. With this hope we shall try to place our

selves in the position of firm, immovable critics, who are determined to try this book "on Heroes," on its scientific pretensions, not on its poetic; and to ask what practical gain or loss will accrue to our minds from adopting its views.

The first mistake we notice (not the worst) is that of believing Hero-worship to be unbroken ground. "How happy," quoth the author," could I but in any measure, in such times as these, make manifest to you the meanings of Heroism, the divine relation (for I may well call it such) which in all times unites a great man to other men; and thus, as it were, not exhaust my subject, but so much as break ground upon it." (P. 3.) Hero-worship is, in truth, no_new subject on which a thinker can break ground in these days. From Plato's Apology of Socrates, or earlier, to Lockhart's Life of Scott, or later, admiration of heroes has been a recognised element of human character. What are Lives of eminent Statesmen, Lives of the Poets, Pursuit of Knowledge under Difficulties, Books of Martyrs even, and Histories of the Church, or of Nations, but so many recognitions of, and appeals to, it? Nor can the honour of first exhibiting its developments in a scientific form be claimed so late as our times; for every ethical treatise is, or should be, an essay on the admirable or heroic in human character. Besides, the work before us, whatever its merits, does not number among them the systematic exactness which this claim would presuppose, as we hope to make appear in the sequel.

The principle of admiration of the great in others is, in truth, an inseparable part of every mind, and greatest in the greatest. Whereever there appears a young intellect apparently active, but wholly destitute of this one thing, we may safely say it will never be great. Where, on the other hand, strong admiration of what is good and worthy develops itself in attempts at imitation, no matter how lame and awkward at first, there is much hope yet: the chief element of greatness is there, and the rest may follow. May not imitation of the great be, indeed, the God-sent provision for perpetuating truths that should live and actions that should not be forgotten? May it not be as much a distinct affection as pride or sexual love, and fitted to its distinct function as much as these? For when men perish and leave their work to others, it might reasonably be expected that the conclusions and cognitions they have wrought out and come at with toilsome watchings and sore trouble, would perish too; because they only, the inventors, had that love for them, that intense overbearing sense of their truth, which led them to push them forward, and to protect them from contempt, as occasion might arise. The next generation, it would seem, will only know them with a calm, scholarly, speculative knowledge, and acquiesce in whatever views about them are least troublesome: they must needs perish. But here begins the function of admiring imitation. Some young disciple, or faithful friend, when all men else would play the stepfather to the bequeathed charge, prefers the strong claim of admiring affection to be its cham