of the, 557. Ought to be independent of the
people, ib. Instances of the payment of the, by
government, 558. No prospect of independence
for the, 559. Should leave temporal affairs, 561.
Catholic poor desire emancipation from their,
562. Impatience of the aristocracy to be free
from the, ib. Sums annually paid to the, ib.
Christmas and Easter dues of the, ib Marriage
fees of the, 563. Christening fees of the, ib.
Parochial dues of the, 564. Retribution of the,
for mass, ib. Retribution of the, for funerals,
ib. Ought to be paid by the public, 559. Should
enjoy a due influence over their followers, 560.
Popularity of the, ib. Observations on the in-
fluence of the, ib. Attachment of the, to go-
vernment, 565. Obliged to acquiesce in the sen-
timents of the people, 570. Disqualifications of
the, 575. Encourage early marriages, 690.
Catholic graziers and merchants, their wealth_in
Dublin, Limerick, and Waterford, ii. 546. Ra-
pidly becoming land owners, ib. Difference be-
tween presbyterians and, ib. Account of the,
545. Forming a powerful aristocracy, ib. Con-
duct of the, ib. Treated with great contempt,
ib. Ignorance of the, 546.

Catholic meetings countenanced by the commander
in chief, ii. 325, Note.

Catholic population, disposition of the, to revolt, ii.
568. Low and degraded state of the, ib.

Con-

tinual terror of the, ib. Without protectors, ib.
Oppressed by protestants with impunity, 569.
Chiefly confined to the country, 580. Ought to
be attentively considered, 581. The protestant
live better than the, ib. State of education among
the, ib. Practicability of educating, 582. Increase
of the, ib. In the year 1731, 584. Table of the,
in 1766, 587. Increase of the proportion of, to
protestant, 588. Increase of the, ib. Difficulty
of ascertaining the, 592. Dr. Troy's observations
on the, ib. Authorities of the author for the, ib.
Catholic question, members hostile to the, ii. 317.
Catholic tenants, Mr. Cornock on, i. 410.
Catholic universities, deny the temporal authority
of popes, ii. 641.

Catholicism, means of increasing, ii. 448. Account
of the principles of, 516. Daily and rapidly in-
creasing, 580. Measures intended to check have
increased, 588. In the protestant countries of
Europe, 643. In Canada, ib.
Catholics, disqualifying acts on the, a bar to im-
provement, i. 598. Miseries of the, imputable
to impolitic restraints, 700. The greatest suffer-
ers from the base coin of James II. ii. 154. Un-
willingness of the, to join the United Irishmen,
362. Not permitted to become Orangemen, 363.
Attempt to exterminate the, prevented, 367.
Take arms in defence of their sovereign in Meath,
ib. Not the movers, but the instruments of rebel-
lion, 370. Deserted by the presbyterians, ib.
Impolicy of the exclusion of, by Orangemen,
391. Neglect of the, clergy to education, 400.
On the attempt to convert, into protestants, 412.
Patronise Mr. Lancaster's system of education,
417, Note. Conduct of the, in the time of Wil-

Im-

liam and Mary, 461. Objection to tithes, not
confined to, 493. Political incapacity falls alone
on the, 498. Examination of the political exclu-
sions of, 499. Claims of the, advocated by many
eminent statesmen, 500. Benefits that would re-
sult from the conversion of the, ib. Physical
strength of the, ib. Numbers of the, 501.
portance of the question of the, ib. Temper of,
caused by persecution, 504. Treated as criminals
not as erring brethren, 505. Effects of the system
of exclusion on the, ib. Excluded from parlia-
ment, 506. Talents of, lost to the country, ib.
Should be conciliated, ib. Accused of being hos-
tile to the government, ib. Bishopricks held by,
as well as protestants, 507. Odium of Tyrone's
rebellion thrown on the, 508. Conduct of James
II. towards the, 509. Treaty of the, with Wil-
liam, ib. Effects of the penal laws on the, 510.
Degrading distinction between protestants and,
511. Conduct of the Irish, on the landing of the
Pretender, ib. Lord Chesterfield's opinion of the,
512. Oath of allegiance to be taken by the, ib.
Foreign influence has lost its power with, 513.
Resolutions of the prelates of the, 514. Unfa
vourable prepossession against the, in England,
516. Mr. Pitt's intentions respecting the, ib.
Authentic testimonials of the creed of the, ib.
Questions proposed to the foreign universities re-
specting the, 516. Answers of the foreign uni-
versities respecting the, ib. Should not be con-
demned for the cruelty of their ancestors, 522.
Adversaries of, obliged to argue from past times,
523. Condemned because their ancestors were
cruel, 524. Protestants have not kept their faith
with, ib. Conduct recommended by Lord Gren-
ville to the, ib. Their petition to parliament in
1805, 525. Mr. Pitt's desertion of the, ib. Earl
of Hardwicke's conduct to the, 526. Tergiversa-
tion of Mr. Fox towards the, 527. Bill for allow-
ing the, in the navy and army to have their own
clergy, ib. Mr. Pitt and Mr. Fox agreed on the
necessity of concession to the, 528. Sacrifice of
Lord Grenville to the, ib. Claims of the, induced
Mr. Pitt and Lord Grenville in 1801 to resign,
531. Benefits that would result from the com-
plete emancipation of, 532. The people deceived
by ministers respecting the, ib. Creed, rights,
and condition of the, ought to be explained to the
people, 533. Suaviter in modo, sed fortiter in re,
a good maxim for the, ib. Benefit of some re-
spectable public journals to the, ib. Claims of the,
not unreasonable, 534. Strength given to the, by
Lord Sidmouth's bill, ib. Their claims ought not
to be considered a party question, 535. Argu-
ment in favour of the claims of the, ib. Should
never consent to suspend their petitions, ib.
Their conduct in various parts of the world, ib.
Should not cease till they are free, ib. Their ge-
neral petition in 1808, 536. Their proposition
to government, ib. Offer of a veto to the crown,
by the, ib. Petitions of Tipperary, Wexford,
and Kerry, and the cities of Waterford and Kil-
kenny, for the, ib. Dr. Milner's statement of the
veto offered to the crown by the, ib. Petition of
5 Q 2

the corporation of Dublin against the, ib. Dis-
gust of the, on the elevation of Dr. Duigenan, ib.
Mr. Grattan's speech in favour of the claims of
the, 537. Ineligible for bank directors, 538.
Should be bound to the constitution by the tie of
interest, ib. Resolutions of the prelates of the,
against the veto, 539. Division between the high-
er orders of the, ib. Their petitions in 1810,
541. Their cause injured by assenting to, and
retracting the veto, ib. Debates on the claims of
the, ib. Majority in the Commons in 1810,
against the, ib. Ditto in the Lords, ib. Majority
against the, in 1811, ib. In 1812, ib. Petition
of the corporation of Dublin against the, ib. Pe-
titions of the universities of Oxford and Cambridge
against the, ib. Proceedings of the, in Ireland,
well known, 542. Character of the Irish, as a
body, ib. Speak of centuries past with lively in-
terest, 543. Earl of Westmoreland, his opinion
of the, ib. Mr. Foster's opinion of the, ib. Their
feelings in consequence of a foreign education,
446. Their petition to establish an university, ib.
Acquiescence of parliament to the petition of the,
447. Consequences of debarring, from education,
ib. Their idea of an image, ib. No great differ-
ence between protestants and well educated, ib.
Rational mode of converting the, 448. Equality
of rights demanded by, 547. Patience of the,
construed into insensibility, ib. Account of the
demagogues who argue against the, 548. When
educated, less liable to rest in error, 448. Policy
of well educating, ib. Necessitated to procure
foreign priests, ib. Advantages of their having
priests educated at home, 449. Account of some
noisy demagogues amongst the, 548. Account
of the clergy of the, 550. Annual number of mar-
riages among the, 563. Christenings among the,
ib. Burdens of the, for the support of the clergy,
564. Accept contributions from protestants, 565.
By far the majority of Ireland are, 567. Impor-
tance of knowing the disposition of the, ib.
dependence can be placed on their attachment to
government, ib. Considered as inferior animals,
570. Difference in the characters of the, ib. All
dislike the government, ib. Emancipation only
can satisfy the, ib. Accused of ingratitude, 571.
Alive to their restrictions, 572. Degraded by ex-
clusive laws and invidious distinctions, ib. Anxi-
ous for liberation, 574. On the exclusion of, from
the office of sheriff, ib. Excluded from grand ju-
ries, ib. Excluded from corporations, 575. Can-
not be guardians, ib. Various exclusions of the,
Political evils of early marriages among the, 578.
Longevity not common among the, 579. Little
of the division of labour among the, 580. Great-
er proportion of marriages, births, and deaths,
among the, than among the protestants, ib.
Mode of remedying the evils of the, 589. Abo-
lish the distinction between protestants and, ib.
Instances of the distinction between protestants
and, ib. Objections of protestants to marry with,
590. Hatred of the protestants to the, ib. Dif-
ficulty of ascertaining the numbers of the, 592.

No

Dr. Troy on the enumeration of the, ib. In An-
trim, 593. In Belfast, ib. At Lisburn, 594. In
Armagh, 597. In Carlow, 598. In Cavan, 599.
In Clare, 600. In Cork, ib. In Donegal, 604.
In Down, 606. In Dublin, 607. In Ferma-
nagh, 608. In Galway, 609. In Kerry, 610.
Leasehold property of the, in Kerry, 611.
In Kilkenny, 612. In Kildare, ib. Property
of the, in the King's County, 613, 614. In
Leitrim, ib. Estates of the, in Leitrim, ib.
In Limerick, 614. In Longford, 615. In Lon-
donderry, 616. In Louth, ib. In Mayo, 617.
In Meath, ib. In Monaghan, 620. In the
Queen's County, ib. In Roscommon, 621. In
Sligo, ib. In Tipperary, 622. In Tyrone, 623.
In Waterford, ib. In the city of Waterford, 624.
Increase of, in the diocese of Waterford and Lis-
more, 525. In Westmeath, ib. In Wexford, 626.
In Wicklow, 628. Table of the population, pro-
perty, and influence, of the, 629. Averse to
enumeration, ib. Table of the, landed proprie-
tors, 630. Table of, called on grand juries in
Ireland, ib. Officers in the militia, ib. Propor-
tion of protestant privates in the militia, ib. Ta-
ble of the number of, in Ireland, on the popula-
tion of 1792, 630. On the proportion of, in the
army, 634. Small proportion of, in the British
army, ib. Necessity of raising the condition of
the, 635. On the numbers of, in the army, ib.
Importance of the co-operation of the, 636. Phy-
sical powers of the, ib. Causes which have re-
tarded the improvement of, ib. Degradation of,
637. Majority of Europe are, ib. Charter of
British liberty gained by, ib. On the loyalty of
the, ib. In Russia, ib. Humility of, ib. Unac-
quainted with the spirit of British freedom, ib.
Services of, in the army and navy, 638. Testi-
mony of the good conduct of the, ib. Misrepre-
sentations of the, 639. No longer intolerant, ib.
On the oath of allegiance taken by, ib. Their
ideas of the papal power, 641. Moral doctrine
of the, ib. Observations on granting power to,
642. On the denial of offices to, ib.
treating the, in Canada, 643. Difference between,
and protestants, not so great as supposed, 644.
Do not look to the forfeited estates, ib. Divided
by various interests, ib. Their conduct before the
battle of the Boyne, 645. Interest of the, not to
alter the forfeited estates, ib. Power they would
acquire by granting the claims of the, ib. Chief
Patrons of the, 646. Political influence that
might be possessed by the, ib. Would be as zeal-
ous generals or admirals as protestants, 647. De-
mands of the, of no great magnitude, 647. Right
of the, to demand emancipation; ib. Ireland
saved by the support, wealth, and liberality of
the, 648. Justice of the claims of the, ib. Speech
of a lord-lieutenant in gratitude to the, ib. At-
tempt to alter the religion of the, 649. Instance
of the humiliation of the, 650. Children of the
state, 651. Their cheerful support to govern-
ment, ib. Fidelity of, more to the soil, than the
rulers, 652. Emancipation the first and general

Mode of

wish of the, 661. Friendships between protest-
ants and, should be fostered, 663. Consequences
to be expected from the emancipation of, 652.
Now permitted to invest their wealth at home,
654. Reproached with poverty, 654. Their con-
dition the hardest of any other class in Ireland,
730. Of Down, 736.

Cattle, state of, in the north and south of Ireland,
i. 309. Description of the ancient Irish, 334.
On the importation of Staffordshire, ib. Of Ker-
ry, a distinct breed, 335. Importation of Devon-
shire, ib. Account of the, in Kildare, 338. In
Kilkenny, ib. In Leitrim, ib. In Limerick, ib.
In Longford, ib. In Londonderry, ib. In Louth,
339. In Mayo, ib. In Meath, ib. In Monaghan,
ib. In Queen's County, ib. In Roscommon, ib.
In Sligo, ib. In Tipperary, ib. In Tyrone, ib.
In Waterford, 340. In Westmeath, 341. In
Wexford, ib. In Wicklow, ib. Improvement in,
in Ireland, 595. Clamour raised in England on
the exportation of live, ii. 4. Law prohibiting
the exportation of, ib. Exportation of at Port-
patrick for five years, 32.

Caucasses, on the pasture of the, i. 319.
Caulfield, Dr. catholic bishop of Ferns, ii. 553. His
influence respecting the union, 559.
Cauragahing, climate on different sides of the moun-
tain of, i. 143.

Cavan, extent and description of the county of, i.
15. Landed proprietors of the county of, 249.
Price of land at, ib. Dairies in, 325. Tillage of,
361. Flax of, 455. Wood in, 560. Plantations
in, 565. Linen manufacture in, 690. Distilleries
in, 728. Fuel in, 623. Table of weights and
measures, 198. Prices of articles in, 204. Table
of prices in 1811 in, ii. 210. Account of the school
at, 408. Representation of, 302. Regimental school
of, 442. Population of in 1766, 587. Regimen-
tai school, account of the, 443. Regulations of
the, ib. Fund of the, ib. Religious sects and
parties in, 599. Population of, ib. Proportion
of Protestants to Catholics in, ib. Account of the
militia regiment of, ib. County, population, 698.
Cavan, Earl, family name and descent of, ii. 287.
Cavalry, singular method of listening to the distant
approach of, ii. 831.

Cavannagh, Mr. description of the seat of, i. 39.

Title by which he holds his estate, 243. His
course of crops, 419. His influence in Carlow, ii.
302. Called" the monarch" in Carlow, 598.
His estates in Carlow, ib.

Cave of Dunmore, description of the, i. 128.
Cavendish family possess little parliamentary influ-
ence in Ireland, ii. 385.

Cavern, called Mr. Swine's Gun, i. 17. Phenome-
non of the Puffing Hole, 59.

Caviar, an important article of Russian commerce,
ii. 79

Caxamaria, height of the plain of, i. 141.
Cecil, Sir R. on the Irish revenue, ii. 244.
Celestin II. enforced the payment of tithes, ii. 481.
Note.

Celibacy first imposed on the Irish clergy, ii. 455.
Cellridge, woollen manufacture, i. 717.

Celsius, Professor, on the depression of the sea at
Hamskar Head, i. 168.

Census, the Roman, first introduced by Tullus
Hostilius, ii. 664. Taken every five years, 665.
Taken by Augustus, ib.

Censors, institution of officers called, ii. 665.
Ceremonies, superstition delights in, ii. 448.
Cess, county and parish taxes, i. 522. The county,
cultivators seldom complain of, 598. Manner
of levying the county, 658. Remarks on the
returns to the House of Commons on the, 661.
Ceylon, phenomenon of climate in the island of, i. 143.
Chaldron, supposed to weigh a ton, ii. 195.
Chalk, not found in Iceland, i. 79.
Chalmers, Mr. on the balance of trade, ii. 69. On
the true riches of a country, 370, Note. His
opinion respecting the number of Irishmen in
the army and navy, 804.

Chamber of Commerce, account of the, ii. 30.
Champagne, forbade the use of incantations or
preservatives, ii. 567.

Chancellor of Ireland, observations on the office of,
ii. 325. A political character, ib.
Chancellor, Lord, quits his office on a change of
ministry, ii. 332. Ought not to be a political
man, 333.

Chancery, party or politics should never be carried
into the court of, ii. 333. A politician should
never be suffered to preside in, ib.
Change, desire of, in Ireland, ii. 374.
Changes of the weather, signs exhibited by animals

denoting, i. 231. Other signs which announce, 232.
Chapel Irod, linen manufacture established at, i. 681.
Chapels of ease, on the erection of, ii. 463.
Chapels, protestants subscribe to the building of ca-
tholic, ii. 564. Catholic, number of private, in
Ireland in 1731, 584. In the diocese of Clon-
fert, 585. In Cork, 602.
Character of the Irish Catholics as a body, ii. 541.
Characters of the political leaders, ii. 388.
Charity schools, founded by Mr. Wilson, ii. 421.
Charity-sermons numerously attended in Ireland,
ii. 789.

Charlemagne, introduced posts into France, i. 663.
Tithes first established by, ii. 482.
Charlemont, Earl, his observation on rebellion, i.
245, Note. Family name and descent of, 288.
Lord, a pattern to patrons, 321. Lord, his letter
to Dr. Halliday, ii. 261, Note. Lord, his
opinion on making roads, 347, Note. His account
of the cause of the rising of the White Boys, 487.
Note. His estates in Armagh, 632. His conduct
at the convention in Dublin, 650.

Charles, Archduke, his opinion of Irish generals, ii.
573.

Charlestown, South Carolina, rain it, i. 211. State
of the thermometer at, ib.

Charleville castle, description of, i. 44. State of
land at, 264.

Charleville, tulip tree at, i. 538. Ivy at, ib. Lord,

copper pieces issued by, ii. 178. Earl, family
name and descent of, 290.

Charrard turfs, on the use of, in the iron manufac-
ture, i. 724.

Circulation, paper, effects of the increase of, in
1760, ii. 9.
Circulating medium of Ireland, system pursued by
England respecting the, ii. 160. State of the, in
1754, 162. Of Dublin, 167. Of Kilkenny, ib.
Of Wexford, Waterford, Youghal, Clonmel, Fer-
moy, Cork, Mallow, Limerick, Birr, Ennis, Gal-
way, and Tuam, ib. At Bloomfield, 170, Note.
Should bear a proportion to trade, 172. By pri-
vate bankers, 171. By silver notes, 173. By bills
of exchange, 174. By tally payments, ib. By
dollars, 178. By bank tokens, ib. By copper
coin, ib. By English mint silver, ib. In the King's
County, ib. Advantages of part consisting of pa-
per, 188. Effect of, on the government, 189.
Connexion of the Irish with the English, 190.
Of Ireland, inadequate to the wants of the coun-
try, 191. Evils affecting the, ib. Effect of fo-
reign expenditure on the, ib. Amount of the, 192.
Of private banks, ib. Amount of the, in paper,
194. In coin, ib. a poor country requires a
greater, than a rich, ib.

Circulation of Ireland, expedients aiding the, ii. 64.
Circulation, instance of an enormous, without any
value, ii. 172, Note. Evils of an over, ib.
Circuits, list of the Irish, of the summer assizes in
1809, ii. 344.

Cities, mean temperature of, i. 219.

Citizens, catholics ought to be restored to the rank
of free, ii. 654.

Civil list, establishment of a, in Ireland, ii. 261.
Civil war, the worst of all wars, ii. 367.
Civilization, gradual progress of, i. 83. State of,
in Ireland, 294. Trade and commerce marks of,
ii. 60. Note. Proper mode of forwarding, 67.
The blessings of, 68. governments first establish-
ed for, 376. Refinement of language considered
a proof of ii. 73, Note.

Claims of the catholics, examination of the, ii. 499.
Advocated, ib. Author's opinion on the, 500.
Advocated by many eminent statesmen, ib. Im-
portance of the question of the, 501. Rejected by
the Irish parliament, 514. Mr. Pitt's intentions
respecting the, 516. Petition for the, in 1805,
525. Mr. Pitt accepted office on condition of not
mentioning the, ib. Mr. Dillon's speech respect-
ing the, 526. Tergiversation of Mr. Fox respect-
ing the, 527. Resignation of Lord Grenville on the
refusal of the, 528. Mr. Pitt and Mr. Fox agreed
in the justice of the, ib. Induced Mr. Pitt and
Lord Grenville to resign in 1801, 531. Made Mr.
Fox forego his sentiments, ib. Made Mr. Pitt
compromise, ib. Policy of granting the, 532.
Suaviter in modo, sed fortiter in re, a good maxim
for the, 533. Public journals favourable to the,
ib. Not unreasonable, 534. Strengthened by
Lord Sidmouth's bill, ib. Ought not to be con-
sidered a party question, 535. Argument in fa-
vour of the, ib. Petitions for the, ought not to
be suspended, ib. General petition for the, in
1808, 536. Petitions from the counties of Tip-
perary, Wexford, and Kerry for the, ib. Peti-
tions from the cities of Waterford and Kilkenny

for the, ib. Petition of the corporation of Dublin
against the, 536. Strengthened by the offer of the
veto, ib. Dr. Duigenan's outrageous hostility to
the, ib. Mr. Grattan's speech in favour of the,
537. Wish of the people for the success of the,
541.
Petitions for the, in 1810, ib. Debates on
the, ib. Majority against the, in 1810, ib. Ditto
in 1811, ib. Ditto in 1812, ib. Petitions of the
corporation of Dublin against the, ib. Petitions
of the universities of Oxford and Cambridge
against the, ib. Catholic parliament will be the
consequence of not acceding to the, 542. Retro-
spect of the, ib. Argument against the, 572.
Power that would be acquired by granting the,
647. Not dangerous to grant, ib. Justice of the,
648. See Catholics, and Emancipation.
Clancarty, Lord, his exertions as post-master-gene-
ral, i. 672. Earl, of family name and descent of,
ii. 290.

Clangibbon, iron mine in the territory of, i. 136.
Clanmorris, pasture of the barony of, i. 317. Baron,
family name and descent of, ii. 297.
Clanrickarde, Earl, family name and descent of, ii.
287. Popish livings in the gift of the family of,

610.

Clans of Scotland, policy of restoring the forfeited
estates to the, ii. 390.

Clanwilliam, Earl, family name and descent of, ii.

289.

Clare, subterraneous course of the river, i. 33. Ex-
tent and description of the county of, 57. Price
of land at, 250. Dairies in, 325. On the cattle
of, 336. Sheep of, 345. Tillage of, 380. Mode
of planting potatoes in, 444. Irrigation in, 484.
Paring and burning in, 488. Manures in, 493..
Orchards in, 539. Cackagee cider of, ib. Woods
in, 560. Woollen manufacture in, 710. Kelp
manufacture in, 754. Violence of the storms on
the coast of, 626. Table of weights and measures
in, ii. 202. Table of prices in 1811 in, 224.
Earl, family name and descent of, 290. His in-
fluence in the county of Limerick, 306. Re-
presentation of, i. 302. Population of in 1766,
587. Religious sects and parties in, 602. Pro-
portion of catholics to protestants in, ib. Account
of the militia regiment of, ib.

Clare, Lord, his admission of the eloquence of Mr.
Grattan, 494.

Clarendon, on the revenue of Ireland, ii. 244. On
the revenue of the crown in Ireland, 246. His
rates of the poll tax, 248.
Clarina, Baron, family name and descent of, ii. 297.
Clarkson, Mr. his account of the mode of killing cat-
tle, ii. 23, Note.

Classes in the Cavan regimental school, ii. 445.
Clauses, restrictive, in Lord Besborough's leases, i.
265. In the leases in Ireland, 285.
Clay, not generally to be found in Ireland, i. 79.
Description of the, in Ireland, 113. Potter's
found at Castlecomer, ib. Fit for bricks found in
Tyrone, ib. On the manufacture of, 139. Des-
cription of the, at Knock, 114. In the island of
Torrey, ib. Near Aghaviller, ib. In Mayo, ib.