30

BASILISK-BAT-FOWLING.

Their chiefest prospect murdering basilisks, v. 173; Would they were basilisks, to strike thee dead! v. 345.

basilisk, a huge piece of ordnance, carrying a ball of very great weight Of basilisks, of cannon culverin, iv. 229; The fatal balls of murdering basilisks, iv. 512: but in the second of these passages there is a double allusion,—to pieces of ordnance, and to the fabulous creatures named basilisks; see the preceding article.

bass my trespass-Did, "told it me in a rough bass sound" (JOHNSON), "served as the bass in a concert, to proclaim my trespass in the loudest and fullest tone" (HEATH), i. 250.

basta, enough (Italian and Spanish), iii. 117.

bastard, whom the oracle Hath doubtfully pronounc'd, &c.-A, vii. 69: Alluding to the story of Edipus.

bastard-Drink brown and white, i. 509; Score a pint of bastard, iv. 232; your brown bastard is your only drink, iv. 233: Bastard was a sweetish wine (approaching to the muscadel wine in flavour, and perhaps made from a bastard species of muscadine grape), which was brought from some of the countries bordering the Mediterranean. There were two sorts, white and brown: see Henderson's History of Ancient and Modern Wines, pp. 290–1.

bat, a large stick, a cudgel, ix. 415; bats, vi. 134, 139.

bat-fowling, i. 224: Is described as follows in Markham's Hun

ger's Prevention: or, The whole Arte of Fowling by Water and Land, &c. "Next to the Tramell, I thinke meete to proceed to Battefowling, which is likewise a nighty [sic] taking of all sorts of great and small Birdes which rest not on the earth, but on Shrubbes, tal Bushes, Hathorne trees, and other trees, and may fitly and most conueniently be vsed in all woody, rough, and bushy countries, but not in the champaine. For the manner of bat-fowling, it may be vsed either with nettes or without nettes. If you vse it without nettes (which indeede is the most common of the two), you shall then proceede in this manner. First, there shall be one to carry the cresset of fire (as was shewed for the Lowbell), then a certaine number, as two, three, or foure (according to the greatnesse of your company); and these shall haue poales bound with dry round wispes of hay, straw, or such like stuffe, or else bound with pieces of linkes or hurdes dipt in pitch, rosen, grease, or any such like matter that will blaze. Then another company shal be armed with long poales, very rough and bushy at the vpper endes, of which the willow, byrche, or long hazell are best; but indeed ac· cording as the country will afford, so you must be content to take. Thus being prepared, and comming into the bushy or rough ground where the haunts of birds are, you shall then first kindle some of your fiers, as halfe or a third part, according as your prouision is, and then with your other bushy and rough poales you shall beat

the bushes, trees, and haunts of the birds, to enforce them to rise which done, you shall see the birds, which are raysed, to flye and play about the lights and flames of the fier; for it is their nature, through their amazednesse and affright at the strangenes of the lightt and the extreame darknesse round about it, not to depart from it, but, as it were, almost to scorch their wings in the same; so that those which haue the rough bushye poales may (at their pleasures) beat them down with the same, and so take them. Thus you may spend as much of the night as is darke, for longer is not conuenient; and doubtlesse you shall finde much pastime and take great store of birds; and in this you shall obserue all the obseruations formerly treated of in the Lowbell; especially that of silence, vntill your lights be kindled, but then you may vse your pleasure, for the noyse and the light when they are heard and seene afarre of, they make the birds sit the faster and surer. The byrdes which are commonly taken by this labour or exercise are, for the most part, the rookes, ringdoues, blackebirdes, throstles, feldyfares, linnets, bulfinches, and all other byrdes whatsoeuer that pearch or sit vpon small boughes or bushes. This exercise, as it may be vsed in these rough, woody, and bushie places, so it may also be vsed alongst quickset hedges or any other hedges or places where there is any shelter for byrdes to pearch in." p. 98, ed. 1621. (A simpler mode of bat-fowling, by means of a large clap-net and a lantern, and called bird-batting, is noticed in Fielding's Joseph Andrews, B. ii. ch. 10.)

bate, strife, contention: breeds no bate with telling of discreet stories ("if it be recollected with what sort of companions he [Pointz] was likely to associate, Falstaff's meaning will appear to be, that he excites no censure for telling them modest stories, or, in plain English, that he tells them nothing but immodest ones," DOUCE),

iv. 344.

bate, to flutter, to flap the wings (a term in falconry: "Bate, Bateing

or Bateth, is when the Hawk fluttereth with her Wings either from Pearch or Fist, as it were striveing to get away; also it is taken for her striving with her Prey, and not forsaking it till it be overcome." R. Holme's Academy of Armory and Blazon (Terms of Art used in Falconry, &c.), B. ii. c. xi. p. 238): these kites That bate, iii, 161; 'tis a hooded valour; and when it appears, it will bate (in which passage is a quibble between bate, the term of falconry, and bate, i.e. abate, fall off, dwindle), iv. 470; Bated (used, it would seem, for Bating) like eagles, iv. 271; Hood my unmann'd blood, bating in my cheeks, vi. 432 (see hood, &c.).

bate, to abate, to diminish, to lessen; To bate me a full year, i. 208;

bate one breath of her accustomed crossness, ii. 102; the main flood bate his usual height, ii. 398; I will not bate, thee a scruple, iii. 239; bate me some, iv. 407; bate thy rage, iv. 452; you bate too much of your own merits, vii. 24: Who bates mine honour, vii. 45; With bated

breath, ii. 350; like a bated and retired flood, iv. 89; no leisure bated ("without any abatement or intermission of time," MALONE), vii. 423.

bate, to grow less: do I not bate? iv. 262.

bate, to except: Bate, I beseech you, widow Dido, i. 221; Those bated that inherit but the fall, &c., iii. 221.

bate, to blunt: which shall bate his scythe's keen edge, ii. 159 (see the third sense of abate).

bate-breeding, apt to cause strife or contention, ix. 245.

batlet, a bat for beating clothes in washing, iii. 32.

batten, "To batten (grow fat), pinguesco" (Coles's Lat. and Engl. Dict.), vi. 227; vii. 381.

bauble, the licensed Fool's or Jester's "official sceptre or bauble, which was a short stick ornamented at the end with a figure of a fool's head, or sometimes with that of a doll or puppet" (DOUCE): gives his wife my bauble, iii. 287; An idiot holds his bauble for a god, vi. 348 ("There cannot be a doubt that Aaron refers to that sort of bauble or sceptre which was usually carried in the hand by natural idiots and allowed jesters, and by which, it may be supposed, they would sometimes swear. The resemblance which it bore to an image or idol suggested the poet's comparison," DOUCE); hide his bauble in a hole, vi. 415.

Bavian-The, The Baboon (the word is also written Babian and Babion), ix. 163, 165, 168, 169: Here [in the third of the above passages] are not [as Steevens supposed] two fools described. The construction is, 'next comes the fool, i.e. the Bavian fool, &c.' The tricks of the Bavian, his tumbling and barking like a · dog were peculiar to the morris-dance described in the Two Noble Kinsmen, which has some other characters that seem to have been introduced for stage-effect, and not to have belonged to the genuine morris" (Douce).

bavin wits, flashing wits, iv. 258 (Bavin is "a faggot of brushwood;" but the word, as here, is sometimes used adjectively;

"I onely burne the bauen heath of youth.'

Jacke Drums Entertainement, sig. A 3 verso, ed. 1616).

bawbling, trifling, insignificant, contemptible, iii. 386.

bawcock, a burlesque term of endearment, said to be derived from the French beau coq, iii. 367, 409; iv. 452, 475.

bay-After three-pence a, i. 481: "Bay, a principal compartment or division in the architectural arrangement of a building, marked either by the buttresses or pilasters on the walls, by the disposition of the main ribs of the vaulting of the interior, by the main arches and pillars, the principals of the roof, or by any other leading

features that separate it into corresponding portions." Parker's Concise Glossary of Architecture: and see note 40, i. 481.

bay curtal: see curtal—Bay.

Baynard's Castle, v. 403 (twice): Baynard's Castle, on the banks of the Thames, immediately below St. Paul's, was originally a fortress built by "Baynard, a nobleman that came in with the Conqueror. I find that, in the year 1428, the 7th of Henry VI., a great fire was at Baynard's-Castle, and that Humphrey Duke of Gloucester built it new. By his death and attainder in the year 1446 it came to the hands of Henry VI., and from him to Richard Duke of York, of whom we read, that in the year 1457 he lodged there as in his own house." Stowe's Survey, vol. i. pp. 64, 66, ed. 1754: Baynard's Castle was destroyed in the Great Fire, 1666. It still gives a name to a ward-Castle Baynard Ward.

bay-trees in our country all are wither'd—The, iv. 142: This (which Shakespeare found in Holinshed) was reckoned a prognostic of evil both in ancient and in more modern times.

bay-windows, iii. 380: “Bay-window, a window forming a bay or recess in a room, and projecting outwards from the wall either in a rectangular, polygonal, or semicircular form, often called a bow-window," &c. Parker's Concise Glossary of Architecture. beadsman, one who prays for the welfare of another, a prayerman, i. 281; beadsmen, iv. 149. ("Bead, says Tooke, in the A.S. Beade, oratio, something prayed-because one was dropped down a string every time a prayer was said, and thereby marked upon the string the number of times prayed." Richardson's Dict.)

beak-Now on the, i. 206: "The beak was a strong pointed body at the head of the ancient galleys: it is used here for the forecastle or the boltsprit" (JOHNSON).

bear, to carry, to gain, to win : It must not bear my daughter, vii. 10; with more facile question bear it, viii. 142.

bear a brain, "have a perfect remembrance or recollection "

vi. 388.

(REED),

bear hard, "to have an unfavourable opinion of" (STEEVENS), "to bear a grudge" (CRAIK): Cæsar doth bear me hard, vii. 118; Caius Ligarius doth bear Cæsar hard, vii. 133; if you bear me hard, vii. 153. bear-herd, the keeper of a bear, iii. 106; iv. 318. bear in hand, to keep in expectation, to flatter one's hopes, to amuse with false pretences: bear her in hand, ii. 131; she bears me fair in hand, iii. 162; bear a gentleman in hand, iv. 314; Bore many gentlein hand, i. 473; Your daughter, whom she bore in hand to love (whom she insidiously led to believe that she loved), viii, 497 ; How you were borne in hand, vii. 243; Was falsely borne in hand, vii. 338.

men

VOL. X.

34

BEARING-CLOTH-BECOME.

bearing-cloth, the cloth or mantle which usually covered the child

when it was carried to the font, iii. 453; v. 18.

bears-Call hither to the stake my two brave, v. 211: "The Nevils, Earls of Warwick, had a bear and ragged staff for their cognizance (SIR J. HAWKINS): see, a little farther on, the speech of Warwick, "Now, by my father's badge," &c.

bears [betray'd] with glasses, vii. 133: "Bears are reported to have been surprised by means of a mirror, which they would gaze on, affording their pursuers an opportunity of taking the surer aim" (STEEVENS).

bear-ward, the keeper of a bear, ii. 86; v. 211, 214.

bear-whelp-Unlick'd: see unlick'd, &c.

beat on, to be busy on, to hammer on: Do not infest your mind with beating on The strangeness, &c., i. 273; thine eyes and thoughts Beat on a crown, v. 131; Whereon his brains still beating, vii. 361; this her mind beats upon, ix. 195.

beautified Ophelia-The most, vii. 339; "beautified" is a vile phrase, ibid. By beautified (which, however "vile a phrase," is common enough in our early writers) I believe that Hamlet means "beautiful," and not "accomplished," as it is explained by Caldecott. beauty-Be called thieves of the day's, iv. 206: "There is, I have no doubt, a pun on the word beauty, which in the western counties is pronounced nearly in the same manner as booty. See King Henry VI. Part iii. [act i. sc. 4]; 'So triumph thieves upon their conquer'd booty'" (MALONE).

beaver on-With his, iv. 272; through a rusty beaver peeps, iv. 485; I cleft his beaver, v. 225; is my beaver easier, v. 445; in a gold beaver, vi. 30; his beaver up, vii. 313; their beavers down, iv. 366; "The beaver of a helmet is frequently used by writers, improperly enough, to express the helmet itself. It is in reality the lower part of it, adapted to the purpose of giving the wearer [by raising it up] an opportunity of taking breath when oppressed with heat, or, without putting off the helmet, of taking his repast" (DOUCE). becks, bows, vii. 26.

become, to adorn, to set-off, to grace: become disloyalty, ii. 32; become the field, iv. 79; become hard-favour'd death, v.77; vilest things become themselves in her, viii. 284; becomes the ground, iii. 51; Whether the horse by him became his deed, ix. 417.

become you well to worship shadows-Since your falsehood shall, i. 337: "It is simply 'since your falsehood shall adapt or render you fit to worship shadows.' Become here answers to the Latin convenire, and is used according to its genuine Saxon meaning" (DOUCE).