370

"RIVO"-ROMAGE.

armourer presented himself, with his rivetting hammer, to close the rivet up, so that the party's head should remain steady notwithstanding the force of any blow that might be given on the cuirass or helmet. This custom more particularly prevailed in tournaments: see Variétés Historiques, 1752, 12mo, tom. ii. p. 73" (DOUCE). "rivo," says the drunkard, iv. 234: This Bacchanalian exclamation is not uncommon in our old writers; but its origin is quite uncertain: Gifford suggests (not very probably) that it is "corrupted perhaps from the Spanish rio, which is figuratively used for a large quantity of liquor." Note on Massinger's Works, vol. ii. p. 167, ed. 1813 (In Marlowe's Jew of Malta we find "Hey, Rivo Castiliano!" Works, p. 172, ed. Dyce, 1858; and in Day's Law-Trickes, 1608, "Riuo, Ile bee singuler; my royall expence shall run such a circular course," &c. Sig. F 3).

road, a roadstead, a haven : my father at the road Expects my coming, i. 283; I must unto the road, i. 309; post to the road, ii. 37; my ships Are safely come to road, ii, 421; Marseilles' road, iii. 141; piers, and roads, ii. 338.

road, a journey, with easy roads ("by short stages," STEEVENS) he came to Leicester, v. 548.

road, an inroad: make road upon us, iv. 422; make road Upon's again, vi. 190.

road-This Doll Tearsheet should be some, iv. 333: Here road is evidently the cant term for a prostitute; but the word, I believe, is not found elsewhere in this sense. (Compare, however, the following passage;

"Sister. Alas,

What course is left for vs to liue by, then?

Thomas. In troth, sister, we two to beg in the fields,
And you to betake yourselfe to the old trade,

Filling of small cannes in the suburbes.

Sister. Shall I be left, then, like a common road,
That euery beast that can but pay his tole
May trauell ouer, and, like to cammomile,
Flourish the better being trodden on?"

Wilkins's Miseries of Inforst Marriage,
sig. E 4 verso, ed. 1629.)

Robin Hood's fat friar, Friar Tuck, who is so celebrated in the old Robin Hood ballads (to say nothing of Sir Walter Scott's Ivanhoe),

i. 331.

Robin ostler, Robin the ostler, iv. 221: Compare William cook.

rogues, wandering beggars, vagrants: rogues forlorn, viii, 105. roisting, bullying, defying, vi. 44

romage, "tumultuous hurry" (JOHNSON), vii. 303: "Romage. Only another way of writing rummage, which is still common as a verb, though not perhaps as a substantive; tumultuous movement."

ROMAN-ROPE!

371

Nares's Gloss. in v.: see, too, Richardson's Dict. sub "Rummage or Roomage" (Caldecott would establish a connection between the present word romage and "Romelynge” in the Promptorium Parvulorum: and Mr. Halliwell approvingly cites his note).

Roman fool-The, perhaps Cato Uticensis, vii. 291.

Roman sworder and banditto slave-A, "Herennius, a centurion, and Popillius Lænas, tribune of the soldiers " (STEEVENS), v. 183. Rome, pronounced Room: That I have room with Rome to curse awhile! iv. 40; Now is it Rome indeed, and room enough, vii. 114 (Compare

"To whome though Rome for harbour be deny'd,

Yet hath he roome in all the world beside.

The Tragedie of Claudius Tiberius Nero, 1607, sig. F verso: "Mausolus' stately Tomb,

The Walls and Courts of Babylon and Rome."

Sylvester's Du Bartas, The Colonies, p. 130, ed. 1641 : "We must haue roome, more then the whole City of Rome." Hawkins's Apollo Shroving, acted at Hadleigh School in 1626–7, p. 88: The different pronunciation in The First Part of King Henry VI., This Rome shall remedy. War. Roam thither, then, v. 46, may perhaps be considered as one of the proofs that Shakespeare was not the author of that play).

Romish, Roman, viii. 410.

rondure, a round, a belt, a circle (Fr. rondeur), iv. 23; ix. 342. ronyon, a mangy, scabby creature (Fr. rogneux), i. 430; vii. 208. rood-The, The cross, the crucifix, iv. 352; v. 393, 428; vi. 388;

vii. 380 (It would appear that, at least in earlier times, the rood signified not merely the cross, but the image of Christ on the cross).

roof, house within this roof The enemy of all your graces lives, iii. 28 ("Mr. Collier's Ms. Corrector very erroneously reads 'beneath this roof.'-Compare

'He answer'd him; Ile tell all strictly true,
If time, and foode, and wine enough accrue
Within your roofe to vs,' &c.

Chapman's Odyssey, B. xiv. p. 216, ed. folio.

'Minerua, who in Joues high roofe, that beares the rough shield,' &c.

Chapman's Iliad, B. i. p. 6”).

rook'd, squatted down, lodged, roosted, v. 326.

rooky wood, vii. 247: see note 61, vii. 247 (My friend the late Dr. Richardson was very unhappy in his suggestion that in this passage "Rooky seems to be merely rooking, i.e. covering, protecting, sheltering." Dict. sub "Rock").

rope ! a rope !—I cry, a: see parrot, “Beware," &c.

372

ROPERY-ROUND.

ropery, roguery, vi. 417: see the next article.

rope-tricks—He'll rail in his, iii. 122: Rope-tricks, such as deserve the rope, the same as ropery,-roguery: “Ropery or rope-tricks originally signified abusive language, without any determinate idea; such language as parrots are taught to speak" (MALONE): Some critics suppose that here Grumio either confounds rope-tricks with rhetoric, or plays on the semblance of the words.

rose-That in mine ear I durst not stick a, iv. 9: see three-farthings goes, &c.

Rose, within the parish Saint Lawrence Poultney-The, v. 484: The Rose is "The Manor of the Rose,' of which a crypt remains between Duck's-foot-lane and Merchant Tailors' School," &c. Cunningham's Handbook for London, sub "Lawrence (St.) Poultney." rosemary

... remembrance, iii. 464; Doth not rosemary and Romeo begin both with a letter? vi. 419; she hath the prettiest sententious of it, of you and rosemary, ibid.; stick your rosemary On this fair corse, vi. 465; There's rosemary, that's for remembrance, vii. 401 (where Ophelia seems to be addressing Laertes): Rosemary was formerly supposed to strengthen the memory; hence it was regarded as a symbol of remembrance

"He from his lasse him lauander hath sent,

Shewing her loue, and doth requitall craue;
Him rosemary his sweet-heart, whose intent
Is that he her should in remembrance haue."

Drayton's Ninth Eglogue—

and it was used both at weddings and at funerals.

rosemary and bays!-My dish of chastity with, ix. 83: "Anciently many dishes were served up with this garniture, during the season of Christmas. The Bawd means to call her a piece of ostentatious virtue" (STEEVENS).

roses on my razed shoes-Two Provincial: see Provincial roses, &c. rother, a horned beast, vii. 65 (“ Rother-Beasts (N.C.), horned Beasts; as Cows, Oxen, &c."- -“Rother soil or Rosoch, the Soil or Dung of such Cattel." Kersey's Dict. sec. ed.). Rouge-mont, v. 420: "Hooker, who wrote in Queen Elizabeth's time, in his description of Exeter mentions this as a 'very old and ancient castle, named Rugemont; that is to say, the Red Hill, taking that name of the red soil or earth whereupon it is situated' (REED).

round, a dance in a circle with joined hands: dance in our round, ii. 275; your antic round, vii. 265.

round, a diadem: the golden round, vii. 217; the round And top of sovereignty, vii. 263.

round, plain-spoken, unceremonious: Am I so round with you as you

ROUND-ROYAL.

373

with me (with a quibble,-spherical), ii. 17; I must be round with you, iii, 339; Your reproof is something too round, iv. 479; I must be round with him, vii. 29; let her be round with him, vii. 361; Pray you, be round with him, vii. 379.

round, roundly, unceremoniously, without reserve: I went round to work, vii. 340.

round, to surround: that must round my brow, v. 414; rounds thine eye, iii. 216; That rounds the mortal temples of a king, iv. 151. round, to grow round: your mother rounds apace, iii. 422. round, to whisper: rounded in the ear, iv. 34; whispering, rounding, iii. 413 ("To round one in the eare. S'accouter à l'oreille, s'acouter.” Cotgrave's Fr. and Engl. Dict.: Other poets, besides Shakespeare, use in the same sentence whisper and round,—see my note on Skelton's Works, vol. ii. p. 120; but, I apprehend, it would not be easy to show wherein the difference of the meaning of the two words consists in the following couple of stage-directions they were manifestly intended to be synonymous; "He rowndeth with Frescobaldi".... "He whispereth with Cæsar." Barnes's Divils Charter, 1607, sig. E 4).

round hose, round swelling breeches, trunk hose, ii. 345.

roundel, a dance (the same as round,—see first round), ii. 279 (It also meant a song; but the context shows that here it is used to signify a dance).

rouse, a large draught, a bumper, a carouse: the king's rouse, vii. 309; takes his rouse, vii. 320; o'ertook in's rouse, vii. 333; given me a rouse, viii. 169 (According to Gifford, “A rouse was a large glass ('not past a pint,' as Iago says) in which a health was given, the drinking of which by the rest of the company formed a carouse. . . In process of time both these words were used in a laxer sense." Note on Massinger's Works, vol. i. p. 240, ed. 1813: Compare

"Where slightly passing by the Thespian spring,
Many long after did but onely sup;

Nature, then fruitful, forth these men did bring,
To fetch deepe rowses from Joues plentious cup.'

Drayton's Verses prefixed to Chapman's Hesiod, 1618).

rout, a company, a multitude, a tumultuous crowd, a rabble: the common rout, ii. 31; the rout is coming, iii. 152; a rout of rebels, iv. 370; that traitorous rout, v. 66; all this rout, v. 136; ix. 169; the rout of nations, vii. 66; all the rout, vii. 112; sleep yslakèd hath the rout, ix. 46; a merry rout, ix. 168; abject routs, iv. 363.

rout, a tumult, a brawl: How this foul rout began, who set it on, viii. 174.

Rowlands: see Olivers, &c.

royal, a gold coin, “a Roiall in money. Vi. Riall

374

ROYAL-RUBIOUS.

10 shillings" (Minsheu's Guide into Tongues, ed. 1617): thou camest
not of the blood royal, if thou darest not stand for ten shillings, iv.
209; there is a nobleman
Give him as much as will make him

a royal man, iv. 239: The second of these quibbling passages has been already noticed under nobleman, &c.: and see face-royal, &c. royal faiths-Our, iv. 369; My royal choice, v. 493; their royal minds,

V. 542; see note 75, iv. 369: but on the third of these passages Steevens observes, "Royal, I believe, in the present instance, only signifies noble.”

royal merchant, ii. 386, 396: According to Warburton, this term was properly applied to merchants of the highest rank, such as the Sanudos, the Giustiniani, the Grimaldi, the Summaripos, and others, who, by virtue of a license from the republic of Venice, "erected principalities in several places of the Archipelago (which their descendants enjoyed for many generations), and thereby became truly and properly royal merchants," an explanation which is approvingly quoted by Gifford, note on Massinger's Works, vol. ii. p. 156, ed. 1813 but, according to Hunter, "A royal merchant, in the middle ages, was a merchant who transacted business for a sovereign of the time. Thus, King John calls Brand de Doway 'homo noster et dominicus mercator noster.' See a protection granted to him, Rotuli Selecti, &c., 8vo, 1834, p. 23." New Illustr. of Shakespeare, vol. i. p. 308.

roynish, mangy, scabby (Fr. rogneux)=scurvy, paltry, iii. 27. rub on, and kiss the mistress, vi. 59; I fear too much rubbing, ii. 196; On the first of these passages Malone observes, "The allusion is to bowling. What we now call the jack seems, in Shakspeare's time, to have been [was certainly] termed the mistress [see mistress]. A bowl that kisses the jack or mistress is in the most advantageous situation.. Rub on is a term at the same game " ("To rub at bowles. Saulter." "A rubbe at bowles. Saut." Cotgrave's Fr. and Engl. Dict. "To rub at Bowls, Impingo." Coles's Lat. and Engl. Dict. : "Rub. . . . at the game of bowls, it means to incline inwards towards the jack." Dyche's Dict.: "I doe not know any thing fitter to bee compared to bowling then wooing or louers, for if they doe not see one another in two dayes, they will say, Good Lord, it is seuen yeeres since we saw each other; for louers doe thinke that in absence time sleepeth, and in their presence that hee is in a wild gallop So a bowler, although the allye or marke bee but thirty or forty paces, yet sometimes I haue heard the bowler cry rub, rub, rub, and sweare and lye that hee was gone an hundred miles, when the bowle hath beene short of the blocke two yards, or that hee was too short a thousand foot, when hee is vpon the head of the iacke, or ten or twelue foot beyond." Taylor's Wit and Mirth, p. 193, Workes, 1630).

rubious, red, ruddy, iii. 322.