90

COLBRAND-COLOQUINTIDA.

as a general term of reproach; and I believe, in spite of Gifford's note on Jonson's Works, vol. i. p. 109, that it is a distinct word from kestrel ("Coustrell that wayteth on a speare, cousteillier." Palsgrave's Lesclar. de la Lang. Fr. 1530, fol. xxvii. (Table of Subst.): "A carter a courtyer, it is a worthy warke,

That with his whyp his mares was wonte to yarke;

A custrell to dryue the deuyll out of the derke," &c.

Skelton's Magnyfycence,-Works, vol. i. p. 241, ed. Dyce). Colbrand the giant, iv. 12; nor Colbrand, v. 569: “A Danish giant, whom Guy of Warwick discomfited in the presence of King Athelstan. The combat is very pompously described by Drayton in his Polyolbion [Song the Twelfth]" (JOHNSON).

cold for action, cold for want of action, iv. 421.

collect, to gather by observation: Made me collect these dangers in the duke, v. 149.

collection, a conclusion, a consequence drawn, a deduction: move

The hearers to collection, vii. 395; Make no collection of it, viii. 511. collied, smutted, blackened, darkened: the collied night, ii. 263; passion, having my best judgment collied, viii. 174.

collier!—Satan: hang him, foul, iii. 367: Here Steevens remarks that collier was, in Shakespeare's time, a term of the highest reproach, in consequence of the impositions practised by the venders of coals (and see Gifford's note on Jonson's Works, vol. ii. p. 169): which is, no doubt, true; but in the present passage it is evident that only the blackness of the collier is alluded to: "Like will to like (as the Devil said to the Collier)." Ray's Proverbs, p. 130, ed. 1768.

collop, used metaphorically by a father to his child, as being a portion of his flesh, iii. 410; v. 92.

Colme-kill, vii. 239: "The famous Iona, one of the Western Isles. Holinshed scarcely mentions the death of any of the ancient kings of Scotland, without taking notice of their being buried with their predecessors in Colme-kill" (STEEVENS): "It is now called Icolmkill" (MALONE): “Kil is a cell. See Jamieson's Dictionary in voce. Colme-kill is the cell or chapel of St. Columba" (Boswell). Colme's-inch-Saint, vii. 208 : "Now called Inchcomb [or Inchcolm], is a small island lying in the Firth of Edinburgh [of Forth], with [considerable remains of] an abbey upon it, dedicated to St. Columb; called by Camden Inch Colm or The Isle of Columba.... Inch or Inshe, in the Irish and Erse languages, signifies an island [generally a small one]. See Lhuyd's Archæologia" (STEEVENS). coloquintida, viii. 154: "Is the Cucumus Colocynthis, the colocynth gourd or bitter cucumber. From the fruit of this plant is obtained the well-known bitter and purgative drug, colocynth," &c. Beisly's Shakspere's Garden, &c., p. 164.

COLOURS-COMMA.

91

colours, specious appearances, deceits: I do fear colourable colours, ii. 203; I love no colours (with a quibble), v. 36.

colours-Fear no, iii. 323; iv. 406: "Probably at first a military So Shakespeare derives it, and

expression, to fear no enemy.

though the passage [i.e. the first of these passages] is comic, it is likely to be right." Nares's Gloss.

colt, "a witless, heady, gay youngster" (JOHNSON), but used with a quibble: that's a colt indeed, ii. 344.

colt, to fool, to trick, to gull: What a plague mean ye to colt me thus? iv. 225 (where the quibbling in the Prince's reply refers, of course, to Falstaff's having lost his horse).

colt, to horse: She hath been colted by him, viii. 429.

columbines: see fennel for you, &c.

co-mart, vii. 302: see note 3, vii. 302.

comb on—You crow, cock, with your, viii. 413: "The allusion is to a [domestic] fool's cap, which hath a comb like a cock's" (JOHNSON): "The intention of the speaker is to call Cloten a coxcomb [a simpleton?]" (MASON). combinate husband, contracted husband, i. 508: The late W. S. Rose, after giving some instances of the "close and whimsical relation there often is between English and Italian idiom," concludes with this remark; "Thus every Italian scholar understands 'her combinate husband' to mean her husband elect; and at this hour there is nothing more commonly in an Italian's mouth than 'Se si può combinarla' (if we can bring it to bear), when speaking with reference to any future arrangement." Note on his translation of Orlando Furioso, vol. iv. p. 47.

combined, bound: I am combinèd by a sacred vow, i. 534.

come, bird, come, vii. 329: "The call which falconers use to their hawk in the air, when they would have him come down to them" (HANMER).

come cut and long-tail: see cut and long-tail, &c.

come off, to come down, to pay: they must come off, i. 432.

comes sooner by white hairs, sooner acquires white hairs, ii. 343. comfortable, susceptible of comfort, cheerful: For my sake be comfortable, iii. 36; his comfortable temper, vii. 48.

comfortable, ready to give comfort, comforting: Be comfortable to my mother, iii. 199; Who, I am sure, is kind and comfortable, viii. 34. comforting your evils, encouraging, abetting your wicked courses, iii. 434.

comma 'tween their amities—Stand a, vii. 424: see note 148, vii. 424.

92

COMMENCES-COMMONWEALTH.

commences it, and sets it in act and use-Till sack, iv. 377: “It seems probable to me, that Shakespeare, in these words, alludes to the Cambridge Commencement; and in what follows to the Oxford Act for by those different names our two universities have long distinguished the season at which each of them gives to her respective students a complete authority to use those hoards of learning which have entitled them to their several degrees in arts, law, physic, and divinity" (TYRWHITT).

commend, to commit, to offer: Commend the paper to his gracious hand, iii. 291; commend it strangely to some place, iii. 438; His glittering arms he will commend to rust, iv. 157; I do commend you to their backs, vii. 241; Commend unto his lips thy favouring hand, viii. 345; Commends th' ingredients of our poison'd chalice, vii. 221 ; His eye commends the leading to his heart, ix. 284.

commission, authority: the commission of thy years and art, vi. 455. commit, a word, as Malone observes, applied particularly to unlawful acts of love: commit not with man's sworn spouse, viii. 69; What committed! Committed! viii. 219; What committed, ibid.

commodity, profit, advantage: To me can life be no commodity, iii. 443; tickling commodity, iv. 34; turn diseases to commodity, iv. 320; Prove our commodities, viii. 83.

commodity of brown paper and old ginger—A, i. 528: In Shakespeare's days it was very common for money-lenders to force prodigals, like young Master Rash, to take a portion of the sum they wanted to borrow in goods (commodities) of various kinds,-sometimes the veriest trumpery, brown paper, lute-strings, &c.,—of which goods the said prodigals were to make what they could. Passages illustrative of this custom abound in our early writers; and several of them have been cited; but the following lines, I believe, are now for the first time adduced;

"You [i.e. usurers] dampne yourselues, and sweare that money's scant, But ritch commodities he [i.e. the young gentleman] shall not want, That certaine money presently will yeeld,

If he be skilfull to marshall the field;

Silks, and veluets, at intollerable price,
Embroydered hangars, pepper, and rice,

Browne paper, lute-strings, buckles for a saddle,

Perwigs, tiffany, paramours to waddle,

Great bars of yron, and Spanish tucks," &c.

Baxter's Sir Philip Sydneys Ourania, &c., 1606, sig. I 4

commonty, Sly's blunder for comedy, iii, 110.

commonwealth I would by contraries, &c.—I' the, i. 222: In this and in the next two speeches of Gonzalo, Shakespeare is deeply indebted to portions of a chapter of Montaigne's Essayes, as translated by Florio, 1603 (see prefatory matter to The Tempest, i. 193): there Montaigne, speaking of a newly-discovered country which he

COMMUNICATION-COMPARATIVE.

93

calls Antartick France, has the following sentences, but not in the following order;

"It is a nation, would I answere Plato, that hath no kinde of traffike, no knowledge of letters, no intelligence of numbers, no name of magistrate, nor of politike superioritie; no use of service, of riches, or of poverty; no contracts, no successions, no dividences; no occupation but idle; no respect of kinred but common, no apparrell but naturall, no manuring of lands, no use of wine, corne, or mettle. The very words that import lying, falshood, treason, dissimulation, covetousnes, envie, detraction, and pardon, were never heard of amongst them."

"And if, notwithstanding, in divers fruites of those countries they were never tilled, we shall finde that, in respect of ours, they are most excellent, and as delicate unto our taste, there is no reason arte should gaine the point of honour of our great and puissant mother Nature."

"Meseemeth that what in those nations wee see by experience, doth not onlie exceede all the pictures wherewith licentious poesie hath prowdly imbellished the golden age, and al hir quaint inventions to faine a happy condition of man, but also the conception and desire of philosophie." Book I. chap. xxx. Of the Caniballes. communication of A most poor issue-But minister, v. 472: see note 9, v. 472.

compact, compacted, composed: compact of credit, ii. 32; of imagination all compact, ii. 316; compact of jars, iii. 37 ; compact of flint, vi. 361; compact of fire, ix. 228.

compact, confederated, leagued: Compact with her that's gone, i. 546. companion, a term of contempt, equivalent to "fellow :" cogging companion, i. 404; this companion with the saffron face, ii. 50; an equivocal companion, iii, 304; scurvy companion, iv. 339; rude companion, v. 204; Now, you companion, vi. 250; Companion, hence ! vii. 178; your lordship should undertake every companion, viii. 413; swaggering companions, iv. 339; gives entrance to such companions, vi. 227; that such companions thou'dst unfold, viii. 221.

company, a companion: see his company anatomized, iii, 276 (see note 157, iii. 276); stranger companies, ii. 266; His companies unletter'd, iv. 416.

comparative-Every beardless vain, iv. 258: "Comparative, I believe, is equal or rival in any thing; and may therefore signify in this place-every one who thought himself on a level with the Prince [King]" (STEEVENS): "I believe comparative means here, one who affects wit, a dealer in comparisons" (MALOne). comparative, rascalliest,—sweet young prince—The most, iv. 207: "Comparative here means quick at comparisons, or fruitful in similes" (JOHNSON).

94

COMPARISONS-COMPLY.

6

comparisons apart, And answer me declin'd─To lay his gay, viii, 327: "His gay comparisons may mean those circumstances of splendour and power [and youth], in which he, when compared with me, so much exceeds me [in my declined state]" (MALONE): but see note 136, viii. 327.

compassed cape, a round cape, iii. 171.

compass'd crest, an arched crest, ix. 232.

compassed window, a bow-window, vi. 14.

compassion, to pity: or not compassion him, vi. 331.

compassionate, lamenting, complaining, iv. 115 see note 20, iv. 115.

competitor, a coadjutor, a partner, a confederate: in counsel his competitor, i. 313; Our great competitor, viii. 266; my competitor, viii. 363; his competitors in oath, ii. 177; The competitors enter, iii. 379; more competitors, v. 438; these competitors, viii. 300. complain, used as a verb active: Where, then, alas, may I complain myself ("as Mr. M. Mason observes, is a literal translation of the French phrase, me plaindre," STEEVENS), iv. 108; And what I want, it boots not to complain, iv. 160.

complain of good breeding, complain of the want of good breeding, iii. 45: see note 77, iii. 45.

complement, and ceremony of it—In all the accoutrement, i. 425; deck'd in modest complement, iv. 439; A man of complements, ii. 165 ; in all complements of devoted, &c., ii. 167; These are complements, ii. 184; the courageous captain of complements, vi. 413: “Compliment [Complement], in Shakespeare's time, did not signify, at least did not only signify, verbal civility or phrases of courtesy, but, according to its original meaning, the trappings or ornamental appendages of a character; in the same manner, and on the same principles of speech, with accomplishment. Complement is, as Armado well expresses it, the varnish of a complete man" (JOHNSON). complices, accomplices, confederates, iv. 142, 144, 312; v. 214, 298. comply, to compliment: Let me comply with you in this garb ("compliantly assume this dress and fashion of behaviour," CALDECOTT), vii. 347; He did comply with ("was complaisant with, treated with apish ceremony," CALDECOTT) his dug, before he sucked it, vii. 429: Compare "Flatterie hath taken such habit in man's affections, that it is in moste men altera natura: yea, the very sucking babes hath a kind of adulation towards their nurses for the dugge." Ulpian Fulwel's Arte of Flatterie,-Preface to the Reader, -1579, 4to (Mr. Singer asserts that in both the above passages of Shakespeare comply with means "embrace," and he compares, in Herrick,