15. Write sentences which exemplify the right use of the following combinations:-correspond with and to; confide in and to; agree to and with; differ with and from; difference between and with; provide with, for and against; regard for and to; wait on, at and for.

16. Append to the following words the appropriate prepositions:independent, different, angry, composed, dissent, conversant, conformable, disapprove, full, replete.

How is the meaning of the verb fall affected when it is followed by the words in, off, out, to, under, upon, in combination with it?

17. Point out and explain any peculiarity in the following pair of

sentences:

(1) 'Excuse my answering your question.'

(2) Excuse my not answering your question.'

[In spite of the not, the two sentences have the same meaning. This is due to the fact that excuse in (1) signifies 'dispense with,' and in (2) 'pardon.']

18. Explain and illustrate by examples (a) absolute use of participle, (b) reflexive pronoun, (c) inflected subjunctive, (d) correlative conjunction.

19. Give examples of (a) compound gerunds, (b) words which are conjunctions and something besides, (c) verbs of incomplete predication, (d) the oldest inflexions still in use.

20. What do you understand by the following terms?-Aryan, runes, hybrid, prosody, solecism.

21. Correct the following sentences wherever the form of expression is ungrammatical or misleading:

'It is better for you and I as it is.'

'He having none but them, they having none but he.'

'A thousand weary miles now stretch

Between my love and I.'

'We might have placed Smith in the first class with no more impropriety than we have placed Jones in the second.'

[To avoid this slip-shod construction, recast the sentence after the word than.]

'Neither he nor she are at hand.'

'The porch was the same width with the temple.'

'If he permits this, we shall speedily become as poor as them.'

'I don't believe you have got a better bicycle or even as good as me.’ 'He can do it easy enough, if he don't get nervous.'

'And now I never dare to write

As funny as I can.'

'From my shoulder to my fingers' ends are as if half dead.' 'A perfect judge will read each work of wit With the same spirit that its author writ.'

'Miss Smith will have much pleasure in accepting Mrs Brown's kind invitation.'

[Whatever pleasure Miss Smith finds in the acceptance of the invitation she has at the time when she writes to accept. The pleasure which she will have is the pleasure of going to the party.]

"Thersites' body is as good as Ajax', when neither are alive.' 'Luckily the monks had recently given away a couple of dogs, which were returned to them, or the breed would have been lost.'

'He was shot at by a secretary under notice to quit, with whom he was finding fault, very fortunately without effect.'

Old Friend to Artist: 'Look here, old man, I'll tell you what really brought me here to-day. The fact is, my wife wants her mother painted very badly, and I naturally thought of you.'

'I saw a gentleman who had shot hundreds of buffaloes in London a month ago.

'Gibbon was the eldest of five brothers who died in infancy, and of a sister who lived a little longer, and whom he knew well enough to regret her.'

'Adversity both teaches men to think and to feel.'

'These kind of books neither interest or gratify you and I.'

'The army, whom its chief had abandoned, pursued their miserable march.'

'Each of the horses reared and threw their riders.'

'This was in reality the easiest matter of the two.' 'Whom do you think I am ?'

'I am a man that have travelled far.'

'O Thou my voice inspire

Who touched Isaiah's hallowed lips with fire.'

'Each of the girls went to their separate rooms to rest themselves.' 'He was angry at me quitting the house.'

'Art thou proud yet?'

'Ay, that I am not thee.'

'Whoever the king favours the cardinal will find employment for.' 'No one expressed their opinion so clearly as him.'

'Everybody has a right to look after their own interests.'

'He talks like Charles and not like you do.'

'His is a poem, one of the completest works that exists in any language.'

Did he not confess his fault and begged to be forgiven?'

'The town mentioned is the warmest of the two.'

'If the king gave us leave, you or I may as lawfully preach as them that do.'

'The largest circulation of any Liberal newspaper.'

'The largest circulation of any other Liberal newspaper.' A larger circulation than any Liberal newspaper.'

22. Give a few simple rules for Punctuation.

[It is customary to use— ·

(1) a Full-stop at the end of a sentence and after abbreviations:-e.g., viz., ult., i.e., M.P., B.A., K.G., Bart.

(2) a Colon or a Semicolon between sentences grammatically independent, but closely connected in sense and not very long. These stops are not used extensively by most writers at the present day. Rapid readers like to have their sentences chopped up short, so that the meaning may be taken in at a glance.

(3) a Comma to separate—

(a) short co-ordinate sentences:

(6) subordinate from principal clauses :

(c) the noun in apposition:

(d) and the nominative of address:

(e) and quotations:

(f) and a series of words having the same construction: e.g. 'Remote, unfriended, melancholy, slow.'

(4) a Dash, to separate parentheses and introduce quotations. Some writers have a fondness for the dash and employ it in places where the comma or semicolon would do equally well. Sterne in the last century and Mr Besant in our own make free use of the dash.

(5) Inverted Commas, to introduce and to end a quotation.
(6) a Note of Interrogation after direct questions.

(7) a Note of Exclamation after interjections and exclamations. These rules are 'few and simple.' The student must bear in mind that in using stops at all our sole object is to make our meaning clear; that the insertion of unnecessary stops is a hindrance rather than a help to the reader; that punctuation admits of very few hard and fast laws; that the usage of different writers varies; and that the author is frequently at the mercy of the printer in the matter of stops. Hence it seems a waste of time to burden the memory with elaborate principles of punctuation.] 23. Punctuate the following passage and insert capitals:

No one venerates the peerage more than I do but my lords I must say that the peerage solicited me not I the peerage nay more I can say and will say that as a peer of parliament as speaker of this right honourable house as keeper of the great seal as guardian of his majesty's conscience as lord high chancellor of england nay even in that character alone in which the noble duke would think it an affront to be considered as a man I am at this moment as respectable I beg leave to add I am at this moment as much respected as the proudest peer I now look down upon. Thurlow.

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APPENDIX I.

DEFINITIONS OF SOME OF THE PRINCIPAL
GRAMMATICAL TERMS.

Grammar is the science which treats of words and their correct use. Orthoëpy deals with the correct pronunciation of words.

Orthography deals with the correct spelling or writing of words. Etymology deals with the classification of words, their derivation and inflexion.

Syntax deals with the combination of words in sentences, their government, agreement, and order.

Parts of Speech are the classes into which the words of a language fall, when they are arranged according to their separate functions in a

sentence.

Inflexion is a variation in the form of a word to mark a modification of its meaning.

The Accidence of a language consists of the sum-total of the inflexions which the words in a language undergo.

Analytic and synthetic are terms applied respectively to languages which have few or many inflexions.

A Noun is the name of anything.

A Common Noun is one which can be applied to an indefinite number of things in the same sense.

A Singular Noun is one which can be applied to only one thing in the same sense.

A Proper Noun is a singular name assigned to an individual as a mere distinguishing mark.

A Collective Noun is one which denotes a number of things regarded as forming a whole.

A Concrete Noun is the name of a thing regarded as possessing attributes.

An Abstract Noun is the name of an attribute or quality of a thing.

The sum-total of the inflexions marking number and case of a noun or pronoun is called its Declension.

Gender is the form of a noun or pronoun corresponding in English to the sex of the thing named.

Number is an inflexion which shows whether we are speaking of one thing or of more than one.

Case is the form of a noun or pronoun which shows its relation to other words in the sentence.

An Adjective is a word which is used with a noun to limit its application.

A Pronoun is a word used instead of a noun.

A Relative Pronoun is one which refers to some other noun or pronoun, called its antecedent, and has the force of a conjunction.

A Verb is a word with which we can make an assertion.

A Transitive Verb is one which indicates an action directed towards some object.

An Intransitive Verb is one which indicates a state, or an action which is not directed towards an object.

A Reflexive Verb is one in which the subject and the object are the

same.

A Verb of Incomplete Predication is one which requires the addition of some other word to complete its meaning.

The word which is added to complete the meaning of a verb of Incomplete Predication is called the Complement of the Predicate.

An Auxiliary Verb is one which is used to supply the place of inflexions in the conjugation of another verb.

A Notional Verb is one which has a meaning of its own.

An Impersonal Verb is one in which the source of the action is not expressed.