Note 1.-Only those marked thus * are in common use. Note 2.-The difference between 2 and is, that denies the existence of a thing; but its quality. See § LXIX. 3d person for all genders, உண்டு, there is from உள்து. One of the or is also omitted; thus 2, he is; gor உளர், they are, அது உளது it is; அவை யுள், they are. forms are used more frequently in poetry. 6. Of C1, denoting sufficiency, But these Cur, the not being enough. 7. Of the root, denoting necessity, duty, the whole of the the future tense, thus: 8. Of the root, denoting fitness, propriety, the whole future tense, as: P The Tamil verbs have two Voices only; viz. T Niæ, or Dwy‰, i. e., verbs, the action of which remains with ourselves, intransitive verbs; and Sp , i. e., verbs, the action of which passes over to another, transitive or active verbs. The passive voice is formed in several ways. 1. By adding С..., I suffer, in all its modifications, to the infinitive mode of any active verb, as: அடிக்கப்படுகிறேன், izLAC, I am beaten, I suffer beating, &c. அடிக்கப்பட்டேன், I was beaten, &c. 2. By adding QC, in all its tenses, to the infinitive, as. 475QDACp, I get beating, i. e., I am beaten. அடிக்கபெறுகிறேன், அடிக்கப்பெற்றேன், ค 3. By adding, in some instances, the verb & Gp, I eat, figuratively, to primitive verbal nouns, as: 2014 Cp, lit: I receive stripes; i. e., I am beaten. அறையுண்டேன், &c. &c. குட்டுண்கிறேன், GLOT CLGOT, &c. &c. lit: I received stripes; i. e., I have been beaten. I am buffetted. I was buffetted. அறுப்புண்கிறேன், I am cut off. அறுப்புண்டேன், I was cut off. &c. &c. The first of these is the most common form, but it does not exactly answer our passive form, because in certain connexions intransitive verbs also may be thus united with Op, as: ISLLLCL GOT, lit: I suffered being, i. e., I was. நடக்கப்படுவேன், lit: I shall suffer going, i. e., I shall go. And again, though the active form be made thus passive, the active verb still retains, in certain cases, its active power; particularly in the participles: e. g., அவர்கள் அதைவைக்கப்பட்டஇடம், the place in which they put it. or the place in which it was put. § XXXVII. This seems the proper place to state a peculiar kind of appellative nouns, called வினைக்குறிப்புமுற்று, mentioned & XXIV. 10. They are formed from certain obsolete roots that are still used as adjectives, such as: , hard, difficult,, small, 4, low. Q, cruel, á, great, 4o, new, e, being, &c. &c. The final e, is changed into, and the following terminations affixed, At the same time that these appellatives have the form and regimen of verbs, they have also the form and regimen of nouns; and are then called Is of the persons may be குறிப்புப்பேர். Thus any of the regularly declined, as: lst case, கொடியேன், 2d case, கொடியேனை, 3d case, கொடியேனால், Cu, by me who am a cruel man, 94 Cu, me who am a low man, i. e., a humble servant. by me who am a cruel man, me who am a low man, i. e., a humble servant. Cu, to me who am a cruel man, 94Cuø¿5, me who am a low man, i. e., a humble servant. 4th case, Accordingly we find the following expressions. OшADC, i. e., in plain language. ய to கொடுமையுள்ளவனாகிய நீசி றுமையுள்ளவனாகிய என்னையடித்தாய், thou a cruel man hast beaten me a small man. Amara, i. e., in plain language. ய ய அரிமையானவைகளை எளிமையாக்குவேன், I shall make easy the things that are difficult. The use of these concise forms is however nearly confined to poetry. Only some of the forms are in common use, as: It remains to mention some further particulars respecting the derivation or formation of verbs. |