Christianity, paraphrased, also in Greek verse, the
Gospel of St. John.
JACOBUS.

&c.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, &o.

་

Americanisms, Old and New. By John S. Farmer.
(Privately printed.)
ENGLISHMEN have had long to wait for a Dictionary of
Americanisms.' When at length it arrives it is in the
shape of a sufficiently substantial and satisfactory volume.
Nearly six hundred quarto pages, in double columns, are
occupied by Mr. Farmer's collection of "words, phrases,
and colloquialisms peculiar to the United States, British
America, the West Indies, &c." On so thick paper, and
with such luxury of type and margin is it, moreover,
printed that its dimensions seem even larger. It is
obviously a work of much industry and research, which
aims at giving the derivation, meaning, and application
of the various words and phrases cited, with anecdotal, his-
torical, explanatory, and folk-lore notes, and with illustra-
tive quotations from books or periodicals. A formidable list
of authorities consulted (including, naturally, N. & Q.')
is prefixed to the volume. Dr. Murray's Dictionary, so
far as it has progressed, has, of course, been consulted,
and the dictionaries of Wright and Halliwell have
necessarily been laid under contribution. The principal
sources of supply are, however, naturally American,
and extend from the Biglow Papers' to the latest
Western newspaper.
In some cases-as in "Conven-
tions," "Copperhead," " Express," "Nigger," "Squaw,"
-the information supplied is encyclopædic, in
others it is of the ordinary dictionary character. As
a rule, however, all information that can possibly be
desired concerning a word is supplied. The utility of
a work of this class is obvious. The first result of
its appearance should be to clear the columns of
N. & Q.' of inquiries concerning Americanisms. Many
words that pass for such are not, of course, American at
all. Those who have taken an interest in local dialects
know how large a percentage of words regarded as of
American origin are, in fact, words recently, or still, of
common use in this country. In his short and satis-
factory preface Mr. Farmer assigns to these a special
class. The words of purely American derivation, em-
bracing words of Indian and aboriginal life, of pioneer
and frontier life, constitute, of course, a large and pictur-
esque class. A third class includes the words brought by
German, French, Spanish, Dutch, African, and Chinese
arrivals. Curiously enough, the Irish, whose place is
pronounced in politics, seem to have contributed little or
nothing to the language, a fact that seems to point to
their being, even in America, to some extent a class apart.
A good many words belong to cant, or thieves' slang.
Other classes are perverted English words and English
words American by modification and inflection. "Des-
sert" in America is applied not only to fruit, as in Eng-
land, and fruit and cheese, as in France, but to the
sweets, such as pastry, puddings, &c. For some words
no origin is suggested. Such come into the class of
doubtful and miscellaneous, yet another class consisting

of individualisms.

It is evidently difficult, if not impossible, for an Eng. lishman to pronounce how nearly a work such as this is complete. This is of the less importance as there is no more changeable and variable thing than slang, and the name which one year is in many mouths is by another year supplanted-the "masher" gives way to the "dude." It is extremely curious to find a Boston club, the members of which are opposed to anything British in every

shape or form, calling themselves "Anglomaniacs," the
real meaning of which expresses exactly the contrary
idea. They should call themselves " Anglophobists."
Apart from the fact that it supplies a basis for subsequent
enlargement, the new volume is a satisfactory and a valu-
able work, which can be warmly recommended to the
majority of our readers. In bibliographical respects it
leaves nothing to be desired.

Celebrities of the Century. Edited by Lloyd C. Sanders.
(Cassell & Co.)
THIS is the first number of a work that is likely to be
popular. It has a certain resemblance to Vapereau's
Biographie des Contemporains,' but its scheme is more
extensive, since it embraces all the century. The arrange-
ment is alphabetical, and the first number contains lives
of Abernethy, About, Mrs. Abington, John Quincey
Adams, the Agassizes, Alexander I., II., and III. of
Russia, the Marquis of Anglesea, Matthew Arnold, &c.
Living men of eminence are included. The work is to
be completed in seventeen parts.

PROF. DOWDEN'S 'Hopes and Fears for Literature,' con-
tributed to the Fortnightly, deals with the fortunes of
literature under democratic influence, and takes a view
hopeful in the main. Prof. Tyndall continues his deeply
interesting 'Story of the Lighthouses,' and Mr. A. C.
Swinburne renews his rhapsody over Victor Hugo. Mrs.
Lynn Linton dwells upon The Characteristics of Eng-
lishwomen.' The one doubt that is inspired is whether
the individuals she selects are representative. Perhaps
the most interesting paper to readers of N. & Q.' is the
unsigned contribution on 'The Trade of Author.-A new
idea-that of securing from representative writers short
reviews of books by which they have been impressed-
appears in the Nineteenth Century. Among the books
praised is M. Jusserand's English Wayfaring Life.' Our
own opinion upon this admirable work has been ex-
pressed. It is pleasant, however, to find our eminently
favourable opinion shared by Dr. Jessopp. Mr. W. Bap-
tiste Scoones enters the lists against the opponents of
cramming, and makes a vigorous and effective defence.
That the general sentiment is against him is shown by
the number of signatures to The Sacrifice of Education
to Examination.' Kings now write for magazines, and
the King of Sweden and Norway has a Letter to a
Friend,' which seems not too happily translated.-An
admirable number of the Century opens with a paper on
Gérôme, the illustrations to which include three views
of his atelier and a medallion portrait. Exiles at Irkutsk'
continues the excellent series of papers on life in Russia.
Abraham Lincoln' is continued. A short paper by Mr.
W. J. Stillman, with illustrations, is given, and there is
a capital paper on 'Fairies and Druids of Ireland.'-The
English Illustrated reproduces Moroni's fine' Portrait of
a Lawyer,' from the National Gallery. 'Moated Houses,'
by W. W. Fenn, gives views of Hever Castle, Helming-
ham Hall, Buckden Towers, and other old buildings.
Chalkhill's Coridon's Song,' from Walton's Angler, is
characteristically illustrated by Mr. Hugh Thomson.
Some excellent illustrations of Dordt, a spot of unending
interest, are given. -Mr. Buckland sends to Longman's a
paper on 'Some Indian Fish,' which supplies very curious
particulars as to catching fish in our Oriental posses-
sion. Mr. Barker concludes his wonderful Studies of
Elementary School Life,' the second portion being no less
remarkable than the first.-The Rev. Canon Ainger
writes in Macmillan on 'Nether Stowey' and its associa-
tions with Coleridge. Dealing with the Memoirs of
Agrippa D'Aubigné,' Mr. Arthur Tilley gives a good
picture of the troublous times succeeding the massacre
of St. Bartholomew. It is a little puzzling, however, to
understand what he means by saying that his hero "first

saw the light in the year 1552 (N.S.)." The italics are ours. Were there at any time two styles for a year? "The Owls' Revenge' contains a protest against the slaughter of birds to minister to female vanity.-In the Gentleman's Mr. Sherer writes on 'The Female Friends of Balzac,' and Mr. E. Walford on Crichton, Lord Sanquhar.'-Macbeth and Common Sense' is the title of a paper in Murray's, by Mr. William Archer. Lady de Ros continues her interesting Recollections of the Great Duke of Wellington,' and Prof. C. Lloyd Morgan has a capital paper on 'Snakes.'-Temple Bar gives a very readable adaptation from the Memoirs of Sully.' "Three Notable Englishwomen' and 'The Unbidden Guest,' which deals with flies, are both readable.-A paper on Macbeth' in the Cornhill does not deal with the Lyceum revival, though it is in part inspired by that reproduction. Notes by a Naturalist: Rooks and their Relatives' is excellent.

MR. C. S. PERCEVAL.-The treasurer of the Society of Antiquaries of London should not pass away without some word of recognition and respect from N. & Q.,' especially when he was a man so much valued and beloved as Charles Spencer Perceval. Mr. Perceval, who was of the family of the Earls of Egmont, was a grandson of the ill-fated Prime Minister shot by Bellingham in 1812. He was a LL.D. of Cambridge, a Fellow, and for some years Bursar of his own college, Trinity Hall, a THE secondary issue of Cassell's Encyclopaedic Dic-member of the Bar, and secretary-I believe an admirtionary has reached Part LXI., "Quoich " to "Re-enter- able secretary-of the Lunacy Commission. He was a ing." Since the completion of the earlier impression we have had it always at hand.-Our Own Country deals and as an antiquary the distinguished body whom he skilled musician, a constant worker in the Bach Choir, with Raglan, Bury St. Edmunds, and Southampton. A served so well as Fellow and as treasurer looked to him full-page view of the High Street, Southampton, shows as a chief authority on coins and seals and miniatures. the Bar, which also is presented on a separate plate. But those who knew him familiarly in private life will Of the ecclesiastical remains in Bury views are also like best to think of him as a man full of cheerful delight given.-Old and New London, Part XVII., begins at the and kindliness; a man whose happy face and genial Post Office, and gives views of the old post office and the manner made a sunshine in every company, and whose new. Aldersgate and St. Martin's-in-the-Fields are the subjects of two chapters. The Fortune Theatre and sound, well-balanced, well-stored intellect was a mainstay in every conversation. Nor will they forget the sorrow. Prince Rupert's house, Barbican, are also depicted, and deep, but dignified, and nowise hopeless, of that crowd the famous Barber-Surgeons' picture is engraved. The of mourners who followed his body to St. Gabriel's on reader is then taken to Aldgate, the Minories, and February 2, 1889. He lies in Norwood Cemetery, aged Crutched Friars.-Part XXXVII. of Cassell's Illustrated barely sixty years. Shakespeare, with an extra sheet, finishes Richard III.' and begins Henry VIII.,' the last of the historical plays. The numerous full-page illustrations presenting Richard leave no doubt of his hump back or his scowl. The last shows him dead and Stanley offering the crown to Richmond.-Part XI. of the translation of Naumann's History of Music gives an engraving of Orcagna's mural painting The Dream of Life,' from the Campo Santo at Pisa. The entire number is occupied with the Netherlands School, and reproduces several early chansons and motets. After concluding with Rotomahana and giving a full-page view of the Pink Terrace, Cassell's Picturesque Australasia, Part XL., turns to Brisbane, of the various features of which it gives a full account. It then turns to Fiji, and supplies some very attractive pictures of existence in this southern paradise.-Woman's World reproduces Cranach's picture 'A Lady of the Sixteenth Century.' Mrs. Wylde has an interesting and a wellillustrated article on 'Muffs.' Some illustrations of ecclesiastical lace are excellent.

MR. WM. THYNNE LYNN, B.A., F.R.A.S., has written two little volumes, entitled respectively Old Testament Chronology and New Testament Chronology, which are likely to be equally useful for private reference and for purposes of tuition, Both are admirably executed. Maps of Palestine, the environs of Jerusalem, &c., are supplied. The publisher is Mr. George Stoneman.

ONE of the last booksellers to issue a catalogue is Mr. W. Blackledge, of 5, Bishop's Court, Chancery Lane. It is of much interest.

FROM the "Caxton's Head," as she has rechristened her house formerly known as "Aldus's Head," Mrs. Bennett has issued a new and interesting catalogue.

THE Bookbinder has articles on 'Caxton as a Binder,' 'Bookbinding in the Seventeenth Century,' and Worcester Cathedral Library.' It has a tinted plate of a six

Notices to Correspondents.

M.

We must call special attention to the following notices: address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but ON all communications must be written the name and as a guarantee of good faith.

WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately.

To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rule. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate.'

D. D. M. ("The Possessive Case ").-It is apparently as an effort to avoid the recurrence of sibilants, to which our language is prone, that some people omit the s after the apostrophe in writing a sentence such as "Miss Tallis's invitation." A question of grammatical correctto give the two s's. ness can scarcely be said to arise. The plan we adopt is

T. R. PRICE ("When we were boys ").-The lines occur in the song 'My Old Friend John,' which is easily obtained.

PARODY WANTED (7th S. vii. 97).-The Rev. C. F. S. Warren is anxious to state that he wrote 'Ingoldsby Lyrics,' not 'Ingoldsby Legends.' We rashly substituted the more familiar name.

NOTICE.

Editorial Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries""-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher"-at the Office, 22, Took's Court, Cursitor Street, Chancery Lane, E.C.

We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception.

LONDON, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 1889.

CONTENTS.-N° 164. NOTES:-Scotch Genealogy, 121-Dictionary of National Biography,' 122-Shakspeariana, 124-Moritz's Travels'"As snug as a bug in a rug," 125-Hydropathy-Letter of Grimaldi-Brome's Queen's Exchange,' 126-Glapthorne's 'Albertus Wallenstein,' 127.

actually held the office of Lord High Chancellor of Scotland, although his forfeiture was still unreduced. He says that Sir John Bellenden, the justice clerk who presided at the trial, was himself a member of the Privy Council, and that he received and caused to be sworn on the assize the following:

1. James, Earl of Morton, also a P.C.

2. Sir John Wisheart of Pitarro, also a P.C. 3. George, Lord Seton, who was Maister of the Queen's Household at the time of the alleged conspiracy.

QUERIES:-Mary de la Rivière Manley-Family MottoesChoil of a Knife, 127-Wm. Bligh-Chittlehampton-Pettit -Alexander-John Fennell-Tea Clippers-Clulow-Capital Punishment Samuel Colvil― London Aldermen, 128Homer's 'Iliad '-Cocker's 'Dictionary'-Woollen Clothes 4. Alexander, fifth Earl of Glencairn, who was and Elephantiasis-Folk-lore of the Sea-Criticaster, 129. REPLIES:-Macaroni, 129- Macbeth,' 1673, 180-Sir M. third in consanguinity with the said Earl of MorLivesayThe Liberal, 131-Heraldry-Dr. Thompson-ton, counting (Mariot) Douglas, the said AlexHarvest Home-Tailed Englishman, 182-St. Peter's, Corn- ander's guddame, and his father twa, and himself gramme, 133 — Quotation from Cicero-Christendom of the thrid; George, Master of Angus, his guddame's Clothes-Longitude and Marriage, 134-Solander Cases-brother, ane, and umquhile Sir George Douglas, Chock-full-Spence's Anecdotes,' 135-Bristow-Countess his son, twa, and the said James, Earl of Morton, of Blessington-Origin of Roses-Whipma-Whopmagate- his son, the thrid. [This is correct, the fifth Earl Oliver Cromwell and Carlisle Cathedral, 136-Dyer of Sharp- of Glencairn being second cousin of the Regent ham-Bucklersbury-Sir H. Wotton, 137-Cross TreeMorton.] Erasmus-Water-marks, 138-Authors Wanted, 139.

hill-Visitations of Norwich - John Duns Scotus - Pro

NOTES ON BOOKS:-Hume's 'Chronicle of King Henry
VIII.'-'Biographical Catalogue of Portraits at Weston '-

Dyer's 'Folk-lore of Plants-Catalogue of Lichfield
Library'-Worthy's 'Practical Heraldry.'
Notices to Correspondents, &c.

Notes.

SOME POINTS IN SCOTCH GENEALOGY, A remarkable paper occurs in vol. ii. of the 'Acts of the Parliaments of Scotland,' p. 576, After the death which deserves a note here. of the fourth Earl of Huntly at Corrichie, October 28, 1562, his body was brought to Edinburgh, and, in accordance with the practice of those days, an indictment of high treason was established against him or it, his eldest surviving son being subsequently tried before a court held by the authority of the Justice General on February 8 following, and in both cases a sentence of forfeiture was pronounced.

Against these sentences the widowed countess and her eldest son successfully appealed in 1567, and it is the summons of reduction brought by the son that I refer to. It occurs in the records of the last day of the last Parliament of Queen Mary. He says that the offence charged against his father and himself was a conspiracy to murder the Queen's Privy Council, the members of which, therefore, ought not to have sat in judgment on him, and he shows how the assize consisted entirely of members of that Privy Council or of their near relations. In tracing the consanguinity he contradicts in several points, and supplements in others, the information recorded in our modern peerages, and this with all the authority due to a contemporary of high rank, and who at the time of writing

5. George, Earl of Erroll, attingent to the Justice Clerk in second and third degrees of affinity, counting George Hay of Logy, father to the said earl, ane, the said earl twa; Alexander Kennedy of Girvanmains, half-brother to the said George Hay of Logy, and his son Sir Hew Kennedy of Girvanmains, twa, and Barbara Kennedy his daughter, spouse to the said Justice Clerk, the thrid. [Douglas's 'Peerage' says that the name of the father of the sixth Earl of Erroll was Thomas Hay of Logyalmond, not George, and does not support the statement that he was half-brother of Alexander Kennedy of Girvanmains, who seems to have been son of the relict of the second Earl of Erroll, while the sixth earl's father was son of the third earl.]

6. Andro, Maister of Erroll, afterwards seventh earl, son of No. 5.

7. William, sixth Lord Livingstone, was in the second degree of affinity to the Earl of Morton, counting Marioun Douglas and the said Lord Livingstone her son twa, and umquhile James, Earl of Morton, her brother, ane, and the said James Earl of Morton's wife, his daughter, twa. [It is correct that the sixth Lord Livingstone was first cousin to the wife of the Regent Morton; but Lord Livingstone's mother is named Lady Ágnes in the 'Peerage,' not Marioun.] It is also alleged that James, Earl of Murray, and Lord Livingstone's wife are brother's and sister's bairns. [Yes; for Lady Livingstone was a daughter of Lord Fleming by a natural daughter of James IV., while the Earl of Moray was a natural son of James V.]

8. William, fifth Lord Hay of Yester, was attingent to the Earl of Morton in the second and third degrees, and in the second degree to Lord Seton. [Correct.]