Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &o. sweet saint who sate by Russell's side "), Hugo Grotius men and women who look down upon them from the Chronicle of King Henry VIII. of England. Trans-tirely ignorant of any details respecting the lives of the lated, with Notes and an Introduction, by Martin A. Sharp Hume. (Bell & Sons.) THE publication of this quaint and valuable chronicle of a Spanish eye-witness of many of the deeds he describes is a boon to the historical student. Concerning the MS. chronicle itself, long believed to be unique, and entitled The Folk-lore of Plants. By T. F. Thiselton-Dyer. 'Chronica del Rey Enrico Otavo de Inglaterra,' all (Chatto & Windus.) information is supplied in Mr. Hume's useful and scho- MR. THISELTON-DYER has long been an observer of larly introduction. No fewer than eleven MS. copies of plant-lore and a too infrequent contributor on the subthe chronicle were brought to light and dealt with in a ject to our columns. The result of his researches in this report to the Academy of History of Madrid. Proof attractive region is in the handsome and deeply interhow much the chronicle was valued is furnished in this esting volume before us. Much has been previously said multiplication. Its authorship has not been definitely on the subject, but Mr. Dyer finds much that is new to traced, though Mr. Hume follows Don Mariano Roca de say. He has aimed in part at making his work a handTogores, Marquis de Molins, the author of the original book to those desirous of obtaining information. Under report, in ascribing it to one of the Spanish soldiers twenty-three heads, to each of which is assigned a then in the service of Henry VIII. It is clumsy in chapter, he has dealt with the various phases of his construction, rude in style, and without a date, except subject. His method of treatment may be guessed from one of 1530 introduced arbitrarily in the opening sen- a few of these: "Plant Life," ""Plant Worship,' "Plants tence. The author was, however, an eye-witness of many in Fairy - lore," "Love Charms," "Sacred Plants," of the events he describes; his sympathies as a Spaniard" Plants in Folk-medicine," and so forth. In all respects and a Catholic give him a point of view different from the book is excellent. Its arrangement is simple and that of the general English writer, and he deals at times intelligible, its style bright and alluring; authorities with subjects they omit to mention. His chronicle has, are cited at the foot of the page, and a full index is apaccordingly, genuine value. One who seeks to see how pended. How conducive to the advantage and comfort well at times he can describe may turn to the animated of the reader these things are is now at length conceded. account that is given of the trial and burning of Dr. To all who seek an introduction to one of the most Forest, an account that differs in some respects from attractive branches of folk-lore this delightful volume that given by English chroniclers, and is obviously, so may be warmly commended. far as the burning is concerned, that of a witness. Of the successive wives of Henry, from "the blessed Queen Katharine" to Katharine "Latimer," he has much to say. Of the last-named he says that she was quieter than any of the young wives the king had had, and as she knew more of the world, she always got on pleasantly with the king, and had no caprices.' A good picture of the manner in which Anne of Cleves acquiesced in her divorce is also given. The names, it may be said, in the original MS. are spelt phonetically as they would strike a Spanish ear. The book is an important contribution to historical knowledge. 66 Biographical Catalogue of the Portraits at Weston, the A Catalogue of the Printed Books and Manuscripts in the Library of the Cathedral Church at Lichfield. (Sotheran & Co.) THANKS to the bequests of Frances, Duchess of Somerset, ob. 1673, and others, the library of Lichfield Cathedral, though it suffered severely during the Civil War, is still rich in Bibles, among which are a fine copy of Cranmer's folio Bible of 1540, Italian and French controversial works, &c. The finest MS. is that commonly called St. Chad's Gospels. It has also a folio MS. on vellum of Chaucer. A catalogue of the volumes, about 4,500 in all, is now issued. Practical Heraldry. By Charles Worthy. (Redway.) THIS is a useful and compendious guide to the fascinating study of heraldry. It is orderly and lucid, and is amply illustrated from designs by the author. In this respect it takes a good position among works of its class. A special feature that will commend it to general circulation consists in the hints to pedigree hunters which are appended. In the account it affords of the Heralds' College, the manner and cost of applications, and in many similar respects, it justifies its claim to be a practical treatise. The Folk-lore Journal, 1888. (Stock.) THE contents of the Journal during the past year have Miss been quite as varied and interesting as usual. Dempster's 'Folklore of Sutherlandshire' contains many references to kelpies and other water sprites and to animals and chimeras, some of a decidedly malignant character. Her tale of Farquhar and the physician would have gained in interest if she had noted that it occurs in vol. ii. of the Popular Tales of the West Highlands,' collected by J. F. Campbell of Islay, from which source it happens to be quoted by Mr. J. G. Frazer in vol. i. of the Archæological Review, in his interesting paper on The Language of Animals.' Mr. Frazer himself contributes to the Folk-lore Journal some folk-lore at Balquhidder, in relation to which he uses the unnecessarily strong expression "worship" for the well-known custom of crying the neck, largely illustrated in more than one series of N. & Q. We fancy the English reapers to whom Mr. Frazer alludes would be vastly surprised at being told that they "worshipped" the last sheaf of corn at harvest-time. Mr. W. E. Maxwell's Rajah Donan, a Malay Fairy Tale,' from the Journal of the Straits branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, and the Rev. A. H. Wratislaw's Lame Fox, a Servian "noodle" story, are good stories, as well as good examples of their respective types. Some of the minor points noticed in the Journal as if they were new-such as selling by the inch of candle-are, of course, not by any means new, nor unknown to our own pages, which are not so often consulted as they should be by the discoverers of local customs. THE Quarterly Review for January opens with a picture of Lord Beaconsfield's early days, from a consideration of which the reviewer argues that his life was singularly consistent, all appearances to the contrary notwithstanding. The article on the Institutions and Private Life of Venice' takes us into a past full of striking features, when the Queen of the Adriatic not only reigned, but governed. The story of Count Cavour's life is at once interesting and instructive to all students of the science of politics. Of party spirit Cavour did not think much more favourably than Sidney, Earl Godolphin, who would fain have carried on Queen Anne's government without it. There is much to be said for this view, but there is perhaps little use in saying it. d'Amateurs de Livres. We cannot expose in full the appetizing programme he puts forth, but as March 1 is the last day on which membership can be obtained, we advise instant reference to Le Livre. An interesting account of Eugène Renduel, the famous publisher of the romanticists, follows, and is itself succeeded by further extracts from the interesting correspondence of Le Prince de Ligne with Casanova. Part LXIII. of Mr. Hamilton's Parodies has many travesties of Mr. F. Locker and other writers. MR. JOHN SALKELD publishes his latest catalogue from new premises at 306, Clapham Road, immediately adjacent to the old. His catalogues are always interesting, and one or two books to be found in the present are almost unique. MR. W. P. W. PHILLIMORE, encouraged by the success of the "Index Library," proposes to open a special subscription of 10s. 6d. per annum for the publication of Gloucester and Bristol records, commencing with the wills at both cities and the marriage licences at Gloucester, a sheet of each to be printed quarterly. The Feet of Fines would next be taken in hand if the work met with sufficient support. The publisher of the "Index Library," Mr. C. J. Clark, 4, Lincoln's Inn Fields, will receive names of intending subscribers, and in the interests of genealogy we hope his list may soon be filled. Notices to Correspondents. We must call special attention to the following notices: ON all communications must be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately. To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rule. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate." DARK WINTER.-Salope, a sluttish, disorderly woman, is an impolite term, and, injuriously used, equals courtesan. It could not possibly have been employed by a female aristocrat, and so, moving the mirth of the mob, might have obtained the user's release. W. W., 96, Marina, St. Leonards, wishes to find a comic sketch entitled George Washington.' Please reply direct. F. ALEXANDER ("Should he upbraid ").-The words of this song are altered from Shakspeare's Taming of the Shrew,' II. i. MR. A. H. BROWNE is anxious to know in what periodical of about 1883 appeared an article on who was to be the successor of Lord Beaconsfield, which, from a phrase used in it, was at the time called Elijah's Mantle.' THE Edinburgh Review for January carries us to that great Indian empire of ours which merchant adventurers founded, and towards which the eyes of Russian, French, and Chinese statesmen all turn as to the goal of varied aspirations. The questions raised by the Krakatoa eruption belong to the realm of pure science, but their discussion will interest many who may remember the wonderful sunsets which formed, as it were, the afterglow of those extraordinary phenomena. In Stratford Canning, the "Great Eltchi," we are presented with a man whose position was in many respects unique."macaroni." Not less unique in his day was François Rabelais, nor can we be surprised that in endeavouring to appraise his character and his works the world of letters should still be much at variance. On one point, however, all are agreed, and that is the unanimous acceptance of the eminence in literature of the author of Pantagruel' and Gargantua.' W. E. B. ("Dude ").-The latest American slang for B. W. P. ("Shelley's 'Adonais'" and "Riddle").— Anticipated. NOTICE. Editorial Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries'"-Advertisements and We beg leave to state that we decline to return comTHE number of Le Livre of Feb. 10 opens with a proposal from that indefatigable and brilliant bibliophile munications which, for any reason, we do not print; and M, Octave Uzanne to found a new cosmopolitan Société | to this rule we can make no exception. LONDON, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 1889. CONTENTS.-N° 165. NOTES:-Robert Allott, 141-Pluralization, 142-Ryves: Notes. ROBERT ALLOTT, M.D., EDITOR OF ENGLAND'S PARNASSUS,' 1600. make. It is probable, to say the least, that the "Doctor of Physicke" mentioned in the first deed is the same person as the fellow of St. John's. That college was always a favourite house with Yorkshiremen-witness Roger Ascham and others and I take it that our editor was the very person who, living at a distance from his manor of Crigglestone, gave the following power of attorney to his brother Edward : : "Knowe all men by these presents that I Roberte Allott Doctor of Physicke doe by these presents constitute ordaine and in my place put my trusty & welbeloued Edward Allott of Criglestone in the county of Yorke yeoman brother of me the said Roberte and Richard Worrall of Chappelthorpe in the said county yeoman my true and lawfull attorneys for me and in my name to receiue & take livery seisin & possession of and in the mannor of Crigleston in the said county of Yorke with all the rightes members and appurtenances thereof And of all those free customary rents yearely issueinge out of certaine lands messuages tenements & other hereditaments as well holden of the mannor afforesaid freely as by copie of courte roll of the said manor heretofore in the severall tenures or occupacions of Ra Blacker William Wilbor John Roger John Childe John Fletcher nuper incumb' cantar' beate Marie de Sandall John Fleeminge Richard Wilcocke Richard Evers George Hough Roberte Allott Ottewell Norton Stephen Boyne John Graue John Leake NOTES ON BOOKS:-Burgon's Lives of Twelve Good Men' John Hargarth John Handisley Roberte Norton Roberte -'Transactions of the Royal Institute of British Architects' -Symons's 'The Floating Island in Derwentwater The Swifte John Dighton John Heith & William Pell or some of them or of the assigne or assignes of them or Archæological Review,' Vol. I. some of them & now or late in the severall tenures or Notices to Correspondents, &c. occupacions of Sr Roberte Swifte Kt Valentine Blacker Cotton Scoley Edward Collett George Blacker Reynold Nolle John Allot Edward Allott Thomas Norton Brice Norton Thomas Boyne Francis Norfolk Robert Blacker Samuel Feildinge Richard Oxley John Oxley Richard Johnson John Rooe John Leake Anthony Miller John Barber Thomas Awdesley Robert Wright In an article on Robert Allott, published in the Thomas Boyth & William Pollerd or of their assignee or assignes and of all the services thereof due and accusDict. of National Biography,' Mr. Bullen says tomed And alsoe of and in all that chappell or cottage that "no biographical facts have come down about and all that garden to the same adioyninge with thappurAllott." We are told that Brydges ('Restituta,' tenances scituate lying and beinge within the parrish of iii. 234) surmised that he was the Robert Allott Sandall Magna in the said county of Yorke comonly who held a fellowship at St. John's College, Cam-called by the name of Chappell in Chappelthorpe All which premises with thappurtenances were heretofore bridge, in 1599, and that there was a publisher of parcell of the possessions of the free chappell of St Marthis name in the early part of the seventeenth cen- garet within the parish of Coninsbrough in the said tury. He was probably of the family of Allott, of county of York caled the Armitage And alsoe of and in Crigglestone and Bentley Grange, near Wakefield, all & singuler messuages &c rents and services as well of of which Hunter gives pedigrees in his 'South the free as of the customary tennants of the said mannor courtes parquesites of courtes &c (excepte all that scite of Yorkshire,' ii. pp. 366 and 450. The Crigglestone all that late free chappell or Armitage of St Margaret afforefamily is further referred to by Hunter in the said and all the closes and lands to the said free chappell Yorkshire Arch. Journal, vol. v. The editor of appertaininge now or late in the tenure or occupacion of such a famous miscellany of Elizabethan poetry John Copley deceased or of his assignes by the particuler deserves to have the few biographical facts which thereof mencioned to be of the yearely rent or value of thirteene shillings & foure pence And excepte all that are known about him recorded, and I therefore parcell of pasture lying in the vpper end of Farnley in submit the following copies of deeds, which, by the the said county of Yorke to the comon pasture there kindness of their owner,* I have been permitted to called Farneley More now or late in the tenure or occupacion of Wigglesworth or his assignes by the particuler thereof mencioned to be of the yearely rente or value of twenty pence And excepte all those parcelles of arrable land contayninge by estimacion halfe a roode and all those parcelles containing by estimacion three roods) And all those foure swathes of land lying and beinge in Crigleston afforesaid by the particuler thereof mencioned to be of the yearely rent or value of two shil * Mr. William Furness, of Whirlow Hall, near Sheffield. Mr. Furness thinks that the documents came into his family through the marriage of Philip Gill, of Lightwood, with Dorothy, daughter of Robert Allott, of Bentley (see pedigree in Hunter's Hallamshire '). Mr. Furness is descended from Isaac Biggin, of Norton, who, in 1731, married Mary Gill, of Lightwood. lings or of any parte or partes thereof in the name of the whole excepte before excepted Accordinge to the purport and effect of one indenture beareinge the date of these presents made between George French of Stainton in the said county of Yorke gent. of the one partie and me the said Roberte Allott of the other partie And to doe and execute all whatsoever is by lawe requisite for the takeinge & recuieing of perfecte livery & seisin ratifieinge & allowinge whatsover my said attorneyes or ether of them shall doe for the takeinge & reciueing of the said livery & seisin' to be as good & effectuall in the lawe as if I had bene there presente to take & reciue the same. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand & seale the tenth day of October in the first yeare of the raigne of our Soveraign lord Charles by the grace of god &c Annoque domini 1625." [Seal wanting. Signed ALLOT.] [Abstract.] On June 24, 1648, Jennett Allott, of Batley, co. Yorke, widow, in consideration that John Allott, of Bentley aforesaid, her grandchild, had promised to pay her an annuity of 401. over and besides the sum of 10l. a year allowed by her to him for maintaining his eldest son and heir, granted a capital messuage called Bentley, and all lands, &c., then in occupation of the said John Allott, in the townships of Emley and Bretton, in the said county, to hold the same to him during her lifetime. Moreover she constituted Roger Andsley, of Batley, her son-in-law, clerk, her attorney to take and deliver seisin to the said John Allott. Signed JENNETT ALLOTT, her marke. Doubtless many other biographical details could be ascertained concerning Robert Allott, and it is a little surprising that Mr. Bullen should give no reference to Hunter's 'South Yorkshire.' Sheffield. PLURALIZATION. S. O. ADDY. I know not whether remark has ever been made of our English fondness for pluralizing. It seems to be something like a rule established and followed, however unconsciously, that wherever there be either a collective sense in a word or any sort of uncertainty as to its exact meaning, it will always be safest to make a plural of it; and this fondness for pluralizing has so greatly become a trick that it is constantly showing itself both in a purely senseless sigmation and in a duplication of the plural ending. As an example of this latter habit, all readers of Capt. Marryat will remember his favourite 66 tag" about "the Blue Postesses, where the young gentlemen leave their chestesses," &c. This was a joke. But I have myself heard the church of SS. Philip and James at Oxford called St. Philips's by educated men without any thought of an incorrect organ; but our popular speech sometimes credits I will wear him In my heart's core, even in my heart of heart; an emphatic phrase, and withal intelligible. But has not the phrase "heart of hearts" become proEven Keble, whose refined sense ought verbial? to have preserved him from it, says (Fourth Sunday in Advent) :— I. in my heart of hearts, would hear What to her own she deigns to tell. Yet this phrase again goes near to be nonsense. So far as I see, it can only mean that I have a multitude of hearts, of which one is specially cherished by me. The word circumstance properly means the surrounding environment of a central fact or truth, the detail of a story, and so it was used up to a late period. Thus Milton, in 'Samson Agon.': Tell us the sum, the circumstance defer. But who would now dare so to use the word? Nay, I greatly fear that if Milton had chanced to give his words another order, and to say "defer the circumstance," our modern editors or press readers would ere now have corrected him into "circumstances."+ Thus we do in a multitude of words by which we name particular arts and sciences. All but one are plural: ethics, politics, physics, metaphysics, morals, mechanics, optics, acoustics, &c. In the greater number of these cases the French, I believe, use the singular. Aristotle wrote of "politic," and he also wrote of "rhetoric." Why we have omitted "rhetorics" I to call the art and rules of speaking cannot think. This determination to use the plural Tennyson perhaps used the phrase with a variant sense in his sonnet on 'Buonaparte' (we did not call him Napoleon in 1833): He thought to quell the stubborn hearts of oak. The very thing has been done in one of South's sermons, published 1693. He wrote, "So apt is the mind, even of wise persons, to be surprised with the superficies or circumstance of things." In an edition of 1739, probably followed by all later ones, the word is made "circumstances." certain that I have heard it); "The oceans of Thy love"; "Be my last thoughts, how sweet to rest," &c. (the last two in Keble's 'Evening Hymn '). So common a trick of speech was quite certain not to escape the observation of Dickens. Here is one excellent example: “In the bays of Biscay, O, roared Captain Bunsby"; and I have met with several others. has not always prevailed. Bacon, at least (Advt. of Learning'), speaks of "physic" and "metaphysic," and this latter word is, or until lately was, used in Scotland. But can there be any cause for this preference of the plural in all such words? Can it be that the English mind is unwilling to grasp, or finds a difficulty of grasping, the idea of a settled habit, system, series, institution of things, apart from the individual facts, operations, energies, rules, &c., of which such an idea is the total? This I have observed-and I take it to be due to the same attitude of mind-that uneducated people most commonly say, "By the mercies (by the blessings) of God I hope to be or do better"; they say (indeed we all say), "I am in hopes"; they say, "Lead us not into temptations"; and, quite to the same effect, they say (commonly, I believe-certainly I have myself heard it), "Deliver us from all evil”– that is, they do not grasp the idea of a common, there is an article on Madame Tussaud's ExhibiP.S.-In the Daily Telegraph of February 9 all-pervading evil; "all evil" is the whole multi-tion, from which I take the sentence following: tude of evil things. Perhaps it may be thought that the trick here spoken of could be paralleled by examples on the other side, of the s omitted where it has a proper place; but I do not think this can be done. Two well-known examples there are, pea and shay, factitious singulars of pease and chaise, supposed to be plural; and I have heard pulse taken as a plural, "Her pulse are very weak," but I can recall no other cases. C. B. MOUNT. kr naissance as an aid to anatomical science." This Ceroplastics was revived in the Italy of the Redisposition to regard such words as after all singulars is not uncommon. I have seen "politics" so used more than once, though, reof. Very awkward it looks. gardless of Captain Cuttle, I have not made a note SIR WILLIAM RYVES: VAUGHAN.-I have come across some conflicting accounts of the family of Sir William Ryves, Attorney General for Ireland 1619, afterwards Justice of the King's Bench, who died 1647. Beside, besides; toward, towards.—In these Skeat explains the final s as a genitive suffix used adverbially. There can be little doubt that the prevalent modern use of the sigmated form is an instance of the same trick. I have examined a number of cases where either of these words occurs in one or other form in the Bishops' Bible (1573) and the Authorized Version. I find that the modern printing of the Authorized Version (followed by the Revised Version) adopts a uniform "toward," and uniformly gives "beside" where the use is prepositional, "besides" where adverbial. But this rule was by no means observed in the printing of 1611 (I have used the modern In "Black Jack's" famous Blennerhassett pediOxford facsimile edition). This, I find, has "be-gree he is said to have married "Dorothy Bingley, side" in eleven cases, "besides" in ten, of twenty- of Rathsillagh," and by her had two sons, William one examined. Of these the Bishops' Bible has and Charles. "besides" in six cases, "beside" in eight (in the other seven of the twenty-one the word does not appear). Thus it would seem that in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth century the use of the two forms was about evenly balanced. There can be little doubt that our modern popular usage would almost always say "besides." Of toward, towards I find that out of thirty cases examined the Bishops' Bible has "toward" in twenty-six, "towards" only in four. The Authorized Version exactly divides them, hereby showing an increased propensity for the sigmated form. Two or three more instances of useless or senseless sigmation I may set down, all repeatedly observed in the course of our Church service :-"We are His people and the sheep of His pastures"; "The oath which He sware to our forefathers Abraham"; "God the Fathers Almighty" (I am * One apparent exception I note (Jud. vi. 37): "If it be dry on all the earth beside." According to the rule, this should be "besides"; but I suppose it is taken as expressing a literal meaning, all round, "on every side." The Irish Builder of May 15 says he married first the daughter of Latham, of Latham Hall, Lancashire, and secondly Dorothy, daughter of John Waldron. It goes on to give particulars of four sons and four daughters by first wife. Of the daughters (1) married Sir John Stanley; (2) Elizabeth married Sir Arthur Leigh; (3) married Edward Berkeley; (4) The Irish Builder states that Sir William purchased the estate of Rathsallagh, in the co. Wicklow, which is no doubt identical with Rathsillagh in "Black Jack's" account. unmarried. As regards his first wife, both "Black Jack" and the Irish Builder are wrong. Sir William really married a Miss Jackman, as appears by the entry of her death on November 8, 1624, in 5 Funeral Entries, Ulster Office, where her family arms are impaled with those of Ryves. I found a bill in Chancery, filed August 28, 1656, by John Farrer, Esq., of Dublin, and Dame Dorothy, his wife, "relict and sole executrix of Sir William Ryves, deceased," against William and |