SON will condescend to look at the notes to 'Mac-
beth' of the 'Henry Irving Shakespeare' (vol. v.
note 192, p. 420) he will find that in a note of
mine I have made considerable use, with full
acknowledgment, of his valuable note on this sub-
ject in his edition of Scot's 'Discoverie of Witch-
craft' (pp. 543-6). I regret very much that the
sudden death of Dr. Francis Hueffer prevented me
from further examining his copy of the song
66 Come
away, Hecket, Hecket," mentioned in my stage
history to 'Macbeth' (p. 349, col. 2). I have been
as yet unsuccessful in tracing this edition of the
song, which was from a MS. certainly previous to
Lock's setting. If we could discover the exact
date of that MS. it might help us to determine
the exact date when the songs were added to
'Macbeth.'
F. A. MARSHALL.
Folkestone.

"HARK THE HERALD ANGELS" (7th S. vii. 360).The Editor is right; but cela va sans dire. Charles Wesley wrote the Christmas Hymn. The first line, as originally composed, was—

Hark! how all the welkin rings

Glory to the King of kings, which, in Dean Stanley's words, "are now, with great advantage, always altered to" the form in which the hymn is now sung.

EDWARD H. MARSHALL, M. A. "ARRANT SCOT" (7th S. vii. 45, 114, 335).-Is not the biting epitaph on Aretin given incorrectly? Instead of

Che d'ognun disse malo che di Dio

the line should run

Chi d'ognun disse mal, fuor che di Dio.
J. CARRICK MOORE.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, &o.

A Complete Concordance to the Poems and Songs of Robert Burns. Compiled and edited by J. B. Reid, M.A. (Glasgow, Kerr & Richardson.) THE most zealous and loyal service that can be rendered to a poet is to write a concordance. It is in a high degree a work of interpretation, since, besides enabling a man to find the passages he seeks, it secures, when moderate pains are exercised, correct quotation. It is a tribute also, seeing that when a work calls for a concordance its position is conceded. So far, putting on one side the "Concordance to the Vulgate' and that by Cruden to the English Bible and the indices verborum to the classic authors, and dealing only with English poets, adequate concordances have been compiled for Shakspeare, Pope, Cowper, and the Laureate as regards a portion of his work. To Milton has been dedicated a very inadequate concordance, though a full one, which we have not seen, is said to be in existence. The Shelley Society, meanwhile, is preparing a 'Concordance to Shelley." Burns has now a splendid concordance. On the other side of the Tweed this tribute to his merits will meet with nothing but approval. On this side the book is "contrived a double debt to pay," and is consequently doubly welcome. Not only is it a concordance, it is

also a full and most valuable glossary, specially con-
venient of consultation. It constitutes a noble volume,
and. fragmentary as it is, can be read, as we have tested,
ences. To a Scotchman no difficulty whatever can be
with pleasure. Almost innumerable are the cross-refer-
experienced, nor, indeed, is much trouble imposed on an
Englishman thoroughly conversant with Burns. Some
simple orthographical knowledge is, however, desirable
stance, under "Day" and under "Cozie
on the part of the half-educated Southron. For in-
we found:-
Then canie in some cozie plea
Seeking, for the sake of verification, and also for ex-
They close the day.
planatory purposes, under "Canie," we failed to find
either the quotation or the word. Further search, how-
ever, revealed that "canie" was one of four different
ways of spelling the familiar word "canny," under which
word the quotation was duly found. We are glad to own
a debt of obligation to all concerned with the production
of this splendid volume. Burns has had some time to
wait for his concordance. When it comes, however, it is,
as is but fitting, the best of its sort. Wherever British
literature is found or consulted the book will be wel-
comed.

Sussex Archæological Collections, Vol. XXXVI. (Lewes,
H. Wolf.)

UNLESS our memory be at fault, the Sussex Archæo-
logical Society is the oldest body of the kind in the
south of England. Its first congress was held at
Pevensey forty-two years ago, and from that period to
the present no year has passed without a pleasant anti-
quarian gathering. The papers in many of the previous
volumes are of much interest. The present one is cer-
Capt. F. W. T. Attree's paper on the parish of Wivelsfield
tainly in no way inferior to any of its predecessors.
is a continuation of one in a former volume. It is re-
markably good, just, in fact, what a village history should
be. Mr. F. E. Sawyer is known beyond the limits of his
own county as a zealous antiquary. He is publishing in
these Collections, little by little, the proceedings of the
Committee of Plundered Ministers so far as they relate
to Sussex, with notes of a very useful kind. The same
gentleman contributes an interesting article on 'Sussex
Markets and Fairs.' We do not think he mentions all
for which charters have been granted. In the time of
Edward I. many fair and market charters were granted,
all of which will be found entered on the Patent Rolls.
We think, but dare not speak positively, that we have
come upon entries as to fairs and markets there which
account of the Penshurat Ironworks, which were not
he has left unnoticed. The Rev. R. F. Whistler gives an
discontinued until 1811. He has figured three of the
curious fire-backs for the manufacture of which Sussex
dragon, Phoebus driving the chariot of the sun, and Æneas
was once famous. They represent St. Michael and the
carrying his father from burning Troy. The Sussex
Archæological Society could not employ its funds better
than by publishing reproductions of all the ancient pic-
torial fire-backs that have come down to us.
a most interesting collection of them in the temporary
museum when the Archæological Institute met at Lewes
in 1883. One mediæval example, in which heraldic lions
were the principal subject, struck us as remarkably fine.
There was also a salamander in flames, dated 1550, which
might be reproduced for a similar purpose.
Bryan's Dictionary of Painters and Engravers. New
Edition. By R. E. Graves and Walter Armstrong.
THIS new and greatly improved and enlarged edition of
(Bell & Sons.)
Bryan's useful dictionary, the progress of which we have

There was

watched with interest and duly chronicled, now reaches its close. A supplement, including notices of " Dickie " Doyle, of Samuel Cousins, of Richard Ansdell, Cabanel, John William Inchbold, Frank Holl, Hans Makart, Edward Lear, Carlo Pellegrini, Rajon (the great etcher), Richard Redgrave, and others who have recently died, brings the information precisely up to date. A useful portion of the supplement consists of a list of monograms of painters. We prefer ourselves the old nomenclature to the new, and do not wish to seek for Titian under Vecelli, or Tintoretto under Robusti; but ever the old giveth way to the new, and we must yield to scientific exactitude, even if it seems pedantic. After all, a century ago we should have found Cicero under Tully. We have at least to thank Messrs. Graves and Armstrong for their labours, and to chronicle the completion of one of the most trust worthy and useful books of reference.

The Monthly Chronicle of North Country Lore and Legend. 1888. (Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Walter Scott). THIS portly volume represents a year's work of certain enthusiastic northern antiquaries. Its contents are of very various degrees of merit. Much that the eye catches in turning over the leaves is not new to historical students, but all will probably be welcomed gladly by the class of persons among whom it will mainly circulate. It is not fair to judge books of this kind by too high a standard. Their function is mainly

autographs, &c., of Miss Millard, of Teddington, Middlesex, also challenges attention.

Notices to Correspondents.

We must call special attention to the following notices: ON all communications must be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith.

We cannot undertake to answer queries privately. must observe the following rule. Let each note, query, To secure insertion of communications correspondents or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate."

JONATHAN BOUCHER-Giulio Carcano, a Milanese, born August 7, 1812s regarded with much interest, his writings being clerical and religious in sentiment and romantic in colour. His works include 'Ida della Torre,' 1834; 'Angiola Maria,' 1839; 'Damiano o Storia d'una Povera Famiglia,' 1869, perhaps his best-known work; 'Racconti Campagnuoli,' 1869; Memorie di Grandi,' 1870; Racconti Popolari,' 1871. Whether his translations from Shakspeare embrace the whole of the plays we doubt. Some reader may have information on the subject, and may be able to give the opinion you seek as

educational, and it is no argument against a well-written to their character and merit. Dol. 1984

article that it is not a record of new discoveries. One very excellent feature is the monthly north-country obituary. Such a compendium was much wanted. Very few persons file newspapers, but we all want to know, at times, when persons of local eminence passed away. Unless, however, they are people whose names find a place in peerages there is no handy means by which our thirst for knowledge can be gratified.

J. CUTHBERT WELCH.-('Bride of Abydos.') A play founded by Dimond upon Byron's poem was produced at Drury Lane Feb. 5, 1818. Kean played the hero, Selim. The allusions to which you refer are to this. Moore, during Byron's absence in Venice, looked after its production. Moore and Kean were thus regarded as doctors, but the play, seventeen days after its production, " descended into the family vault of the Drurys," i. e., was withdrawn.-("Sir John Moore's Funeral.") See 7th S. ii. 183, 253, 298, 389, 457; iii, 33, 73, 158, the second reference especially.

JOHN ROBINSON.-Marmor Norfolciense,' &c., by Probus Britannicus, was ascribed, in Murch's Dissenters,' to Francis Webb. It is, in fact, by Dr. Johnson. See 'Life,' by Boswell, ed. Hill, i, pp. 141–3.

The series of biographical sketches called 'Men of Mark 'twixt Tyne and Tweed' are excellent, and we have nothing but praise for the series of articles on 'The Streets of Newcastle.' The serious complaint we have to make is as to the illustrations. Some few are pleasant We do not answer questions of this class. You give no C. T. T. ("Midland Railway Company Drivers ").— to look upon, but the greater number are worthy of ex-post town or district, so we cannot return enclosure. treme reprobation. What pleasure can any one derive from the group of gravestones on p. 48, or the strange imagination called 'The Countess and her Henchman If the string of beads which that lady wears is meant for a rosary-and it looks like one-we must inform the artist that prayer-beads were worn at the waist, not around the neck. We have far too great a respect for the memory of Joseph Ritson to desire to see him represented by the black smudge that does duty for his portrait. If no other likeness of that illustrious northern antiquary be known it would be better that his outer man should continue to be pictured in the imagination only.

NOTICE.

Editor of Notes and Queries'"-Advertisements and
Editorial Communications should be addressed to " The
Business Letters to "The Publisher "-at the Office, 22,
Took's Court, Cursitor Street, Chancery Lane, E.C.

We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception.

SOMERSET INCUMBENTS and PATRONS,

LISTS of (under Parishes), from 1309 to 1735. Pp. lv and 476. With Two copious Indexes. A Guinea, post free.

VISITATION of HEREFORDSHIRE in 1569.

Captaine Martin Pringe, the Last of the Elizabethan Seamen. By James Hurly Pring, M.D. (Vermouth, Luke.) ∙Ply THIS is a useful digest of the information which has come down to us regarding an Elizabethan worthy whose memory has, we are sorry to say, been permitted to become dim. We wish it had contained more personal and family details. Our American friends have put on record nearly every fact that has come down to us as to the discoveries of our seamen on their continent. It THE INDEX LIBRARY, Edited by W. P. W. belongs to us to make out from documents in this country all that can be diecovered here of them and their families.

THE catalogue of Mr. John Hitchman, of Cherry Street, Birmingham, contains many works of general and antiquarian interest. The catalogue of old books,

A Guinea, post free.

Address the Editor, Rev. F. W. WEAVER, Milton,
Evercreech, Somerset.

PHILLIMORE, M.A. B.C.L. Issued Monthly. Annual Subscription, One Guinea. The following Volumes are now ready :NORTHAMPTON and RUTLAND WILLS, proved in the Court of the Archdeacon of Northampton, 1510 to 1652. Royal 8vo. cloth gilt, price 108. 6d. CHANCERY PROCEEDINGS. Bills and Answers, temp. Charles I. Vol. I. Royal 8vo. cloth gilt, 12s. 6d.

London: CHAS. J. CLARK, 4, Lincoln's Inn-fields, W. C.

LONDON, SATURDAY, JUNE 1, 1889.

CONTENTS.-N° 179.

NOTES:-Sir J. Cotter, 421-8. G. O. and Sir E. Osborne, 422 -Academia-Rook, 423-Pale Printing Ink-Italian and French Cathedrals, 424-A Theatrical Parallel-Rumpelstiltskin-The Fleur-de-lis-Tennyson: The Poet's Song'Analcade and Cavalcade, 425-'In Praise of Ale'-Superstition in Rhode Island-Mistake in the Spectator '-The Wind of a Cannon Ball, 426.

QUERIES:-City-Mumping-Dr. Mead-Sir N. Wentworth
-Pero Gomez-The mystery of a word "-Sir D. Lindsay's
Register-Liddell and Scott's Lexicon '-Church Bells-
Source of Quotation Dallas-Glyn, 427-Saying of Lord
Beaconsfield-Italian Literature - Bentham Vicarage
"Mater Dei"- Walking Stationers - Victualler - Bishop
Berkeley -Lord Truro - "Proud Preston" - Devizes
Badger, 428-Celtic Church-St. Andrew's, Worcester-John
Eston-Authors Wanted, 429.

REPLIES:-School Stocks, 429-Vowel Shortening-' Village
Musings, 430-Charles I.'s Gloves-Stella, 431-"On the
carpet"-" O Sanctissima," &c.-Sophy Daws-Ripon Spur-
riers' Guild-"To join the great majority "-Douglas, 432-

Casa de Pilatos-Woodroofe and Pudsey-Oxen of Ephicles -Human Leather-Tailed Englishman, 433-Poem by the Laureate-Baron Hervey-Oxford Divinity Degrees-Grindstone and Sapling-Irvine, 434-Author of Verses-R. B. Sheridan-Border Heraldry-Rose, Thistle, and ShamrockAnnuals-Shelley's Lines to an Indian Air'-Clerical Explosives-Holland's 'Pliny, 435-Sir C. C. Pepys-Manual of Arms-J. Ericsson-Seymour, 436-The Pelican-The Batemans-Warple-way-Parliament of Bats - Portrait of Sir I. Newton, 437-Jeremy Taylor-Skippant-Carols and Songs-Christopher Davenport, 438. NOTES ON BOOKS:-Gasquet's Henry VIII. and English Monasteries-Wildridge's Northumbria-Morley's English Writers,' Vol. IV.-Payne's English Catholics of 1715.'

Notes.

SIR JAMES COTTER.

One of your correspondents mentions, while speaking of Lord Lisle (N. & Q.,' 7th S. vi. 467), that he was assassinated by Sir James Cotter in Switzerland. Bishop Burnet states that he was killed at Lausanne by Irishmen in 1685, and does not give the names of the assassins. I wish to know if it is an assured fact that Sir James Cotter was concerned in this crime, as it seems most unlikely that he was, owing to the high character which he bore.

Burke tells us that he was a gallant Cavalier.” He was a member of Parliament, was first married to a daughter of Sir William Stapleton, Bart., and afterwards to the Hon. Leonora Plunkett, daughter of Lord Louth. This second marriage took place on July 30, 1688, about three years after the assassination of Lord Lisle. He had been appointed marshal and secretary in the West Indies in 1677; on February 12, 1689, he was appointed by King James II. Governor of the City of Cork and of Great Island, "to keep the officers and soldiers in good order," and on February 26 he took over from General McCarty the command of his Majesty's forces in Cork. The following year Cork was taken by the Duke of Marlborough, and in 1691, on April 30, the battle of Bottle Hill was fought, Sir James Cotter being in command of the

|

troops of King James, who, we are told, had no
more faithful or honourable follower than he.

Richard Nagle empowering him, by order of the
On July 24 Sir James received a letter from Sir
Lord Lieutenant, Richard, Duke of Tyrconnell, to
levy 2001.

"from all lands of ye County of Corke to pay for pro-
curing and getting intelligence of the designs, carriage,
and endeavours of ye enemie against his Ma'tes army and
liege people."

Another paper, dated at Limerick, orders Sir James Cotter, Knt., "Brigadier of His Ma'tes armie,"

"to seize six hundred paire of brogues or pumps now in the hands of Captain Cornelius McGillicuddy for the use of the regiment now belonging to Collonell Charles Murphy," &c.

In a letter dated Cork, July 6, 1691, Sir Richard Cox, Governor of Cork, writes to Sir James, who was an old friend of his, as follows:

SIR,-Upon the score of our former acquaintance, and
the civility you have used to our friends whilst you were
governor here, and since, I think myself obliged to let
you know, that I have both station and inclination to
serve you. If it should happen that you throw yourself
upon me, without capitulation (for your party is certainly
ruined and will every minute decay,) you shall, un-
doubtedly be used as a man of honour; but, if you are of
this opinion, bring off as many as you can, and their arms,
because your terms will be so much the better. This
will seem odd if you don't apprehend the case as desperate,
but because I am sure it is so therefore you have this
friendly advertisement from,
Sir,

Your very affec. friend and servant,
RICHARD Cox.

For the Hon. Sir James Cotter, those.

To this note Sir James promptly replies as follows:
SIR,-Notwithstanding our former acquaintance, it
seems to me you do not know me. Whatever I might
which for Justice sake I distributed without distinc-
have done with sitting still, when laid aside, in civilities
tion-I am now convinced, and will, I doubt not, be in a
condition to return your kindness, for really your case is
so desperate that you will soon have occasion for it, and
be confident in anything that is just
You find me, Sir,

Your very affec, friend and servant,
JAMES COTTER,
Give, I pray you, my services to all old acquaintances.
Later on Sir James was obliged to succumb, and
sue for protection, which was at once granted; and
under signature of Baron de Ginckell, Lieutenant-
General, he on October 9, 1691, obtained protec-
tion for himself, family, servants, tenants, &c., with
"lycence for himself and servants to keep three
cases of pistolls, three fuses, and three swords for
their protection."

About this time Sir James obtained a number of certificates from various persons testifying as to the humane and generous treatment they had experienced from him when in power. One of these, signed by Daniel Croke, Mayor, Walter Neale, Rector of St. Mary, Shandon, and others, states as follows :

The Very Rev. F. P. Pomeroy, Dean, also testifies in Sir James Cotter's behalf; and another clergyman, the Rev. Charles Northcote, who had been a prisoner on board the French fleet lying in the harbour of Cork, states that on being delivered over to the Governor, Sir James Cotter,

"the said Sir James did use me and the other two gentlemen, with all the humanity and kindness he was able, notwithstanding our being under sentence for treason against the then Government,"

The Cromwellian Lord Lisle who was assassinated had occupied an official position in Cork during the time of the Commonwealth, and was doubtless well known to the individuals who signed the above-mentioned testimonials. Is it probable that they would speak so highly of a man who had been concerned in such a crime only five or six years before? The Cotters were originally called Ottir, or MacOttir, and are said to have been of Danish descent. Sir James Cotter, who is sometimes spoken of as of Ballinsperrig, and at other times as of Annagrove, died in 1705, and was succeeded by his son James, who was executed May 7, 1720, for his devotion to the house of Stewart.

R. STEWART PATTERSON,
Chaplain H.M. Forces.

S. G. O. AND SIR EDWARD OSBORNE OF 1584. The Times of May 13 tells us that its benevolent, active old correspondent Lord Sydney Godolphin Osborne went to his last earthly home at Lewes on that day. N. & Q.' may perhaps think it fit to improve the occasion. The announcement reminded me of the ancestor and founder of the Leeds family the Osbornes, the apprentice Edward Osborne of 1536, who, by his leap from the house on London Bridge, saved his master's daughter from drowning, and at length married her. Stow, and after him Richard Thomson, the antiquary, who wrote of London Bridge, tells us all about it. I shall give

he is sheriff; in 1580 "Mr. Alderman Osburne is in Fyllpot Lane"; in 1583 he is Lord Mayor; in 1584 he is knighted by Queen Elizabeth; in 1585-6 he is M.P. for the City; in 1581 he is owner of ships, and active among commercial companies, especially promoting trade with Turkey; in 1583 he bestirs himself against carriers departing on the Sabbath, and he notes how beggars are coming from Ireland-"they shall be sent back, and no more permitted to come."

I may perhaps find in my MS. more matter quite as interesting to the readers of N. & Q' For the present this will do as to the founder of the house of Leeds, and the ancestor, as I suppose, of Lord Sydney Godolphin Osborne.

Forest Hill.

WILLIAM Rendle.

"ACADEMIA" OR “ACADEMĨA."-My tutor at Harrow, William Oxenham, would accept either quantity, on the ground that there was sanction for both. Desirous after forty years!-to verify this assertion, I recently applied to a distinguished friend, who often instructs the world in your columns-the REV. W. E. BUCKLEY. His reply I subjoin. It seems to exhaust the question, but, in accordance with his suggestion, I submit his note to N. & Q.' to elicit the views of more recent academics ::

"Your Harrow tutor was right, so far as Latin is concerned, though the authorities for shortening the are late. Claudian (A.D. 395) has in his ' De Consulatu Flavii Mallii Theodori,' line 94 (sometimes referred to as xvi. 94)

In Latium spretis Academia migrat Athenis; and a century later Sidonius (A.D. 482) hasObviet et quanquam totis Academia sectis. 'In Epithalam. Polemii,' 120. But at an earlier date-temp. Augusti-Laurea Tullius, a freedman of Cicero, writes

6

Atque Academiæ celebratam nomine villam, in a quotation preserved by Pliny, Nat. Hist.,' xxxi. 3, as if this were then the received quantity. Oddly enough, the passage in Cicero where the word occurs may be read either way. It is in a quotation from his. Poem on his Consulship' quoted in his ' De Divinatione,' i. 13, 8–

Four centuries later this influence had died away probably, and after Constantine moved the seat of empire eastwards there would, I should fancy, be a reaction against Greek-i. e., Constantinopolitan-authority, and the Italian use of one vowel being short before another would be likely to prevail.

66

As to Greek, whether the word be written with the vowel or diphthong si, Hermann is no doubt right in saying, Quod ad prosodiam ejus attinet quartam syllabam ancipitem apud Latinos esse constat, apud Græcos eam non memini correptam.' And though 'Akadημía would seem to require the penultimate short he says, 'In hoc vocabulo, quod communis sermonis usu tritissimum esset, ea videtur obtinuisse pronunciatio, quæ non a prosodia esset, sed ab accentu profecta,' in his note to Arisvol. iii. pp. 419, 420. In my day Oxford said Academia, tophanes,Nubes,' 992, ed. Bekker, 1829, Londini, and I should think that Cambridge did the same."

D. C.

"ROOK," ITS DOUBLE METAPHORICAL SIGNIFICATION IN ELIZABETHAN ENGLISH.-As to the then use of rook in its present sense of "sharper," and of rook'd as equal "fleeced by guile," I remember at present but two examples, both in Dekker, and the first not so clear as one would wish. Nor does Greene in his 'Connycatching' booklets, nor yet Harman in his 'Caveat for Cursetors,' use the word. In Dekker's' Wonderful Yeare,' 1603 (Grosart's reprint, vol. i. p. 89), we find:

Not for applauses-shallow fooles' adventure-
I plunge my verse into a sea of censure,
But with a liver drest in gall, to see
So many Rookes, catch-polls of poesy,
That feed upon the fallings of hye wit;
And put on cast inventions, most unfit.

His second, more clear, is from his 'Lanthorne
and Candle-light,' 1609 (vol. iii. pp. 238, &c.).
Speaking of the cozening which he calls falconry,
he says:-

A couple of Rookes therefore (that were birds of the last feather) conspired together to leave their nest, in the Citty, and to flutter abroad, into the countrie." While on horseback, civilly suited, that they might carry about them some badge of a Schollar," one of the "divil's Ranck-riders" (one of another cozening gang and in another line) overtakes them, to whom they say that they are falconers, and then that they had sprung a partridge. They on this ride up to a goodly fair place, where the good knight or so is asked for. To him one of them produces a little book, well got up outside, wherein is a "Dedication to his Worship." Hereupon, of

Inque Academia umbriferâ, nihiloque Lycao, on which Hermann says, Quarta syllaba in Academia brevis est, non elisâ ultimâ '; and Moser, the latest editor of the De Div.' (so far as my library extends), in his note at p. 63 (the date of the book being 1828, Frankfort) says, Ego quidem nunc in Hermanni de nostro loco sententia acquiesco,' having previously thought of reading by transpositionUmbrifera inque Academia, nififoque Lyceo.tdcourse, sir knight gives him "foure or sixe Angells," But, without any transposition, if the final a be elided the fourth syllable would be long, and to this, in spite of Hermann and Moser, I should incline, on the ground that Cicero's own freedman-who, it must be presumed, had often heard Cicero pronounce the word and dutifully copied him-uses it as long, and also because in Cicero's day the study of Greek and its influence was so great in

Rome

Vos exemplaria Græca

Nocturna vereate manu, versate diurr â.

asks him to stay breakfast, "or if the sundiall points towards eleaven, then to tary dinner." In other words, the knight is, as we should say, rooked. It is hardly necessary to say that this sense is derived from the thievish propensity of these birds. For instance, if both male and female be away from their unfinished nest, the others will at once help themselves from it.

The second sense is one quite opposed to this