numbers, and dated October, 1820, to March, 1821; April, 1821, to August, 1821. The first edition has a cut of the king of clubs on the titlepage of each volume. Vol. i. has title+pp. 400, vol. ii. title + pp. 446. There is an index to each volume, and pp. 442-444 of the second volume contain the names of the contributors. The first edition also has a separate title to each number, with a list of the articles contained therein, and a slip of the errata in each volume. In the second edition, printed in 1822, a woodcut of the gateway tower of Eton College is substituted for the king of clubs on the title of each volume. The separate titles of each number are suppressed, and the pagination is differen', vol. i. having title+ pp. 412, vol. ii. title+pp. 488. On p. 482, vol. ii., there is a woodcut of Eton from the east, and brief notes on pp. 486 487. In 1824 an edition was printed in 3 vols. small 8vo. After the issue of the first number a second edition of that number was printed, in order to incorporate Moultrie's beautiful lines entitled 'My Brother's Grave,' from the poetry of the College Magazine, and a copy of the first edition, with this second edition of No. 1, is the most desirable acquisition. For further particulars see H. C. Maxwell-Lyte's 'Eton College,' Lond., 1875, pp. 382-4. W. E. BUCKLEY. There were only ten numbers of this magazine. If HIC ET UBIQUE will turn to the first article in No. X., 'The King of Clubs: Abdication of his Majesty,' he will find the formal announcement of the conclusion of the undertaking. On p. 486 of vol. ii. of the collected edition is the following

ference, you refer E. S. to various articles on the subject in former volumes of 'N. & Q.' Should the information contained in the following not be included in them it may be of service to the querist. In a recent issue of a Derbyshire paper, noting the death of the Rev. Walter Clark, B.D., a correspondent writes:

"My old master the Rev. Walter Clark, Head Master of Derby School, who died on Thursday, 11th inst. [April, 1889], was, I believe, the last male representative of Oliver Cromwell, being a descendant in the direct line of Richard Cromwell, the Protector's son, who, after his abdication, retired to the neighbourhood of London and took the name of Clark." The Rev. Walter Clark referred to was born at Coventry in 1838, educated at Coventry Grammar School, and afterwards under the celebrated Dr. Kennedy at Shrewsbury School, of which he was captain. Thence he went to Magdalen College, Cambridge, and took his B.A. degree with honours (Second Class Classical Tripos) in 1860, M.A. degree in 1863, and B.D. in 1875. He was ordained 1865-66, and became curate of Christ Church, Lancaster, and first classical master of the Royal Grammar School, Lancaster, from which he was appointed head master of Derby School in 1866, in the conduct of which he was very successful, and “died in harness" at the date above given. R. W. HACKWOOD.

CRÉBILLON (7th S. vii. 468).-During the eighteenth century almost all the French men of letters sided either with Crébillon, senior, or Voltaire as a tragic author, for tragedy was in abeyance in France since the death of P. Corneille (1684) and J. Racine (1699). Montesquieu's cast of mind made him lean, in this particular, to Crébillon more than to Voltaire. The words quoted by the REV. J. MASKELL are to be found in Montesquieu's 'Pensées Diverses, des Modernes,' and seem to refer to 'Atrée' (1707), the most tragic of all Crébillon's plays. La Harpe, who was no friend of Crébillon's, has the following words in his 'Cours de Littérature,' delivered at the Lycée from 1786, third part, bk. i. ch. iv. section i.:-"Le caractère d'Atrée a de l'énergie, et quelquefois n'est pas sans art: il y a des moments de terreur. Voilà le mérite de cette pièce." The italics are mine. Voltaire did all Crébillon's tragedies over again in quite a superior DNARGEL.

way.

Paris,

ERASMUS EARLE, M.P. FOR NORWICH (7th S. vii. 407). The son of Thomas Earle, of Salle, co. Norfolk, Esq., by his second wife, Anne, daughter of John Founteyn, of Salle, Esq. He was baptized at Salle Sept. 20, 1590; married Feb. 25, 1616, Frances, fourth daughter of John Fountaine, of Salle, Esq., and Mary his wife, daughter and heiress of James Brigge, of Salle, Esq., and had issue four sons and two daughters. He died at Heydon, co. Norfolk, Sept. 7, 1667, in his seventy

eighth year, and there lies buried under a large altar-tomb in the east chapel of the north aisle. His widow was also buried at Heydon, Sept. 13, 1671. At the Brit. Mus. (Add. MSS. 19,399, fo. 24; 22,620, fo. 50) will be found his autograph and a letter from him to the Mayor of Norwich dated 1647. Other particulars of him will be found in Blomefield's Hist. Norfolk,' vols. vi. and viii., and in the 'Dictionary of National Biography,' vol. xvi. DANIEL HIPWELL.

34, Myddelton Square, Clerkenwell.

ACROSTIC (7th S. vii. 489).-At one period of my life I spent (wasted, I fear Addison would have said; see Spectator, No. 60) a good deal of time in guessing, and helping others to guess, double acrostics; and I have accordingly tried my hand at the one which V. A. M. says he is unable to solve. Here is the result. I do not feel sure of No. 6, which seems to contain a misprint. I do not suppose I should have guessed it had I not remembered Tennyson's poem beginning, "A spirit haunts the year's last hours."

OXFORD DIVINITY DEGREES (7th S. vii. 370, 434).-Alwood, as suggested, cannot be a mistake for Fanshaw, as this latter was in orders, as proved by his being a canon of Christ Church, rector of Cottesbad and of Staverton, as well as Regius Professor of Divinity. The name of Alwood does not occur in the Graduati Oxonienses,' or in Foster's Alumni.' A Samuel Green, Queen's, proceeded B. and D.D. in 1733, but the Grad. Ox.' simply records the fact, and as he entered in 1707, his name is not in Foster, who begins at 1715.

W. E. BUCKLEY.

WALKING STATIONERS (7th S. vii. 428).-No doubt this term is synonymous with that of "running patterer" or "flying stationer." He was a street seller of cheap literature, who walked or ran along the streets while selling his pamphlets and papers, much in the same manner as the evening newspaper boys do at the present time. The literature disposed of by the "running patterer' some thirty years ago was, of course, of a startling [May not this be the vowels O, a, e, u, I?]

*

character. Scurrilous attacks on the Pope and Cardinal Wiseman were sure to go down with the public. The horrors of the condemned cell, dying speeches of celebrated murderers, and other penny dreadfuls, also found a ready market. Besides the "running patterer," there was also the "standing patterer," who carried on the same business, but with this difference, that he stood still while selling, or sold from what he called a "pitch." If MR. BETHELL will refer to London Labour and the London Poor,' by Henry Mayhew (1851), this branch of street industry, if by such name it vol. i. pp. 213 et seq., he will find a full account of may be dignified. HELLIER GOSSELIN.

Blakesware, Ware, Herts.

I have heard that these people were men who wandered from place to place selling chap-books. I do not remember ever seeing any members of this fraternity, but I have understood that in the last century and in the early days of this they were very common. EDWARD PEACOCK.

HERALDIC: THE LABEL (7th S. vii. 467).—The label is a subordinary, and as such it is borne as a charge upon the shield without having any reference to cadency. Those entitled to the arms mentioned by your correspondent would blazon the label just as others would display gyron, billet, mascle, rustre, or other heraldic device that had been granted and confirmed to theirs and them. The "present representative" of the family should bear, I believe, no mark of cadency whatever. Though a second son as regards birth, the very fact of his line of his earlier born brother is extinct, and that being the present representative shows that the the family has now no elder branch than his.

ST. SWITHIN.

If the label in the grant of arms alluded to by MISS Fox was borne as a distinct charge, the lineal descendants of the grantee of those arms will be entitled to bear it. This, which would be very unusual, could probably be discovered by an inspection of the original grant at the Heralds' College. If, however, it was borne, as it would ordinarily be, merely as a mark of cadency, such descendants would not, of course, bear it unless as eldest sons. In earlier times, it is said, the label was sometimes borne as an hereditary charge-as in the arms of the Courtenays-but this is not so likely to be the case in the more modern instance mentioned by your correspondent.

Inner Temple.

J. S. UDAL.

MOCK MAYOR OF NEWCASTLE-UNDER-LYME (7th S. vii. 468).—There is an account of the above, written by J. Mayer, of Liverpool, and printed in Proceedings and Papers,' and also issued separately the Lancashire and Cheshire Historical Society's for presents, which gives a fair idea of its origin

and history. It originated as a protest by the burgesses against the usurpation on the part of the corporation of the borough of the power and privilege of electing the mayor, which by charters of Henry II., confirmed by one of Queen Elizabeth, 1590, was given to the burgesses at large. For over two hundred years this continued, the ceremony taking place (immediately the election of mayor had been transacted) on the Market Cross, until 1833, when the burgesses recovered their chartered rights. A painting, by R. W. Buss, of the last occasion on which it took place, hangs in the Town Hall, presented by J. Mayer, Esq., from which an etching was made by J. W. Cook. I suppose this is the engraving seen by your correspondent; if not, I shall feel obliged by receiving particulars. R. SIMMS.

Newcastle, Staff,

CHARLES I.'S GLOVES (7th S. vii. 368, 431).-I am almost sorry that my desire to complete one pair of gloves has led to the production of another. Perhaps we may hear of more. We have only two and a half pairs at present. The gloves exhibited by Mr. Nelson in 1862 and that by Mr. Benett Stanford in 1889 are alike traced back to Bishop Juxon. I am not sanguine about finding further particulars of those owned by Mrs. Bowles. MR. BOWLES's inquiry as to who Mrs. Bowles was, being chiefly of family interest, I have answered to the best of my ability direct. KILLIGREW.

There is a slight misstatement in MR. SAMUEL SMITH's letter which I ask leave to correct. The late Mr. Park Nelson, the owner of the historic gloves said to have been given by Charles I. to Bishop Juxon on the scaffold-in whose family I believe they still remain as a precious heirloom-was a solicitor in Essex Street, Strand, and had no connexion with the Record Office. The "Assistant Keeper of Records" referred to by MR. SMITH was his younger brother, my old schoolfellow at Merchant Taylors', Mr. Walter Nelson. Oh, how he bullied me as a boy, and how kind he was to me as a man, when he put at my service his intimate knowledge of the documents under his charge and his skill in interpreting them! MR. SMITH's confusion of the two brothers reminds me that in former days one was constantly being taken for the other. It was a case of "Cæsar and Pompey very like-specially Pompey," for while Walter was continually being taken for Park, Park was never taken for Walter. MR. SMITH has curiously reversed this "comedy

of errors."

EDMUND VENABLES.

BLACK MEN AS HERALDS (7th S. vii. 448).Black men never acted as heralds, not even in the dark ages, though they may have done duty as trumpeters. The duties of heralds are no longer what they were in this respect, and one must differentiate between heralds and trumpeters. In

ancient days the herald's proclamations were announced by a blast from his trumpet, but now trumpet blowing is not part of the duties of a herald. There are the State Trumpeters, who at the late jubilee ceremony in Westminster Abbey were stationed in the organ loft; and, by the way, most of the correspondents, in the account of the ceremonial, seem to have been under a wrong impression as to the duties of a herald, for they stated that the arrival of Her Majesty was announced by a blast of trumpets from the heralds.

Black servants were greatly in fashion in the last century, which may have given rise to their being depicted in Hogarth's picture mentioned by MR. MACRITCHIE, besides adding a certain comicality to the scene. A. VICARS.

GRAY (7th S. vii. 407).—Pickering's edition of Gray's Works,' issued several times between 1835 and 1853, was edited by the Rev. John Mitford. who, at p. xxix of the life prefixed to the poems, claims the authorship of the Appendix E in the following note:

"Some remarks on this Elegy,' which were originally printed by me in the Gentleman's Magazine for April, 1836, will be found in the appendix to this life.-ED." Mitford was at one time editor of the Gentleman's Magazine. His remarks are on the verbal, grammatical, and rhymic (why not rhymical?) inaccuracies to be met with in the 'Elegy.' They remind one of an earlier work, "A Criticism on the Elegy written in a Country Church Yard. Being a continuation of Dr. I--n's Criticism on the Poems of Gray. London, 1783." This work, reprinted at Edinburgh in 1810, was written by Mr. John Young, Professor of Greek at Glasgow, as stated in Boswell's 'Life of Dr. Johnson,' vol. ii. p. 565, first edition, 1791 (or vol. x. p. 290, ed. 1835), and of which Croker says that he cannot make out whether it was meant for jest or earnest." W. E. BUCKLEY.

66

PLURALIZATION (7th S. vii. 142, 309, 471).—I

Other instances abound in the

beg to apologize for a slip in my reply under this heading in giving caryatides as an instance of memories of Anglo-Romans, who are amused every doubled plural. day with scudis, and lires, and maritozzis, and bandittis, &c., in the mouths of superficial tourists. R. H. BUSK.

"HARK! THE HERALD ANGELS" (7th S. vii. 360, 419).-How it can be a "great advantage" to alter a right expression to a wrong one Dean Stanley, perhaps, understood, but I do not. This is what Madan did when he altered Wesley, for (1) the herald angels did not sing "Glory to the new born King!"-they sang "Glory to God in the highest!" (2) it is most probable that our Lord, during His humiliation, put aside angelic adoration. Still the word welkin is now so nearly obsolete, and the "herald angels" have so fixed themselves in our

ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH, WORCESTER: IRON RINGS (7th S. vii. 429).—It is not very safe to pass an opinion on something one has never seen, but from MR. BAGNALL'S description I can have little doubt that the "large iron rings fastened by strong staples to the western piers" (presumably the tower piers of a church) were simply intended to make fast the bell-ropes when not in use. There are large iron rings similarly fastened to the piers of the central tower of Lincoln Minster, which were formerly shown by the vergers as "the rings to which Oliver Cromwell [poor Oliver! made the scapegoat of every sacrilegious injury done to our churches!] tethered his horses when he turned Lincoln Cathedral into a stable." But they are really the rings for securing the ropes of the "Lady Bells," a lovely little peal, now unhappily defunct, having been broken up and thrown into the melting pot in 1835, with the vulgar aim of making "Great Tom" bigger still. Examples of similar rings are very frequent. E. VENABLES.

TRINITY SCHOOL, DORCHESTER (7th S. vii. 287, 455).-MR. PICKFORD may like to know that the ancient achievement of Queen Elizabeth's arms to which he alludes at the latter reference was carefully preserved at the late restoration of the Dorchester Grammar School, and is now refixed in the wall surmounting the new entrance in South Street. J. S. UDAL

Inner Temple.

MONOGRAM P.V. (7th S. vii. 228).-Probably the initials of Paul Veronese, an Italian painter, whose real name was Paolo Cagliari, but who took that of Veronese in honour of his birthplace, Verona. He was "a fertile and clever designer of ornament," as J. C. J. observes, and his most famous work is 'The Marriage Feast at Cana in Galilee,' now in the Louvre, at Paris; born, according to Cassell's Concise Cyclopædia,' in 1532, and died in 158. Mortimer's Student's Dictionary' (1777), however, quoting De Piles, gives

R. E. N. SAYING OF LORD BEACONSFIELD (7th S. vii. 428).—The quotation in the Ethics of the Turf,' Contemporary Review of April last, is not quite correct. In The Young Duke' Lord Beaconsfield spoke of "those mysterious characters [i. e., jockeys] who in their influence over their superiors, and their total want of sympathy with their species, are our only match for the Oriental eunuch," meaning, I take it, that jockeys are as assuming and as cunning and as heartless as eunuchs.

Freegrove Road, N.

HENRY GERALD HOPE.

"Victualler [victuailleur F.], one who furnishes with, or provides Victuals; an Ale-house Keeper; a small Ship or Vessel that carries Provisions for a Fleet." Littleton's definition agrees with this; but it would seem, from the following passage from Massinger, that long before these dictionaries were compiled the term had become almost as rank a misnomer (so far as innkeepers were concerned) as it is today:

Thou hast an ill-name; besides thy musty ale,

That hath destroyed many of the king's liege people,
Thou never hadst in thy house, to stay men's stomachs,
A piece of Suffolk cheese, or gammon of bacon,
Or any esculent, as the learn'd call it,
For their emolument, but sheer drink only.
For which gross fault I here do damn thy license,
Forbidding thee ever to tap or draw;

For instantly, I will, in mine own person,
Command the constable to pull down thy sign,
And do it before I eat.

'A New Way to Pay Old Debts,' IV. ii. C. C. B. R. Campbell, in his ' Compendious View' of the trades of London, the dedication of which work to the Lord Mayor, &c., is dated 1747, includes in chap. lxix., 'Of Victualling Trades' (pp. 275-82), the baker, the cook, the pastrycook, the confectioner, the poulterer, the fishmonger, and allied trades, the vinegar-maker, the chandler's shop, the chocolatemaker, the coffee-house-man, the butcher, the cheesemonger, and the oil-shop. There is no victualler per se.

Liverpool.

J. F. MANSergh.

BISHOP KEN (7th S. vii. 220, 345).—When I wrote the note under this heading I had not seen