The Collection of Building and Ornamental Stones in the U.S. National Museum: A Hand-book and CatalogueU.S. Government Printing Office, 1889 - 372 Seiten |
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The Collection of Building and Ornamental Stones in the U. S. National ... George Perkins Merrill Keine Leseprobe verfügbar - 2017 |
The Collection of Building and Ornamental Stones in the U.S. National Museum ... George Perkins Merrill Keine Leseprobe verfügbar - 2016 |
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12-inch cube andesite beautiful beds Beira Province biotite Biotite granite blocks building purposes building stone carbonate Carboniferous cement City Coarse compact Creek crystalline crystals dark blue-gray dark gray Devonian diabase diorite dolomite durable Edge extensively quarried feet in thickness feldspar fine-grained finely fossiliferous Geographical Exploring Commission Geol Geology gneiss grains granite green greenish hornblende inches iron J. R. Procter J. S. F. Batchen John S. F. Batchen light colored light drab light gray lime limestone Limestone marble Locality Lower Silurian Magnesian limestone Marble Company material Medium Mexican Geographical Exploring mica miles minerals Minn monumental nearly black occurs oolitic ornamental orthoclase oxide pink pinkish polish porous porphyry Portuguese Centennial Commission Professor quarry quartz Quincy reddish rock Rutland County Saint sandstone serpentine siliceous slab slate soft specimens structure Sub-Carboniferous surface syenite Tenth Census texture Triassic Upper Silurian variety vicinity Washington County West Rutland York York County
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Seite 443 - Sandstones are composed of rounded and angular grains of sand so cemented and compacted as to form a solid rock. The cementing material may be either silica, carbonate of lime, an iron oxide, or clayey matter.
Seite 334 - Soft brick 2.211 16.46 Hard brick, 2.294 1.07 Marble, coarse dolomite, Mount Pleasant, New York 2.860 0.91 The specimens operated upon, it should be stated, were cut in the form of inch cubes. Each was immersed for half an hour in the boiling solution of sulphate of soda, and then hung up to dry, this performance being repeated daily throughout the four weeks which the experiment lasted. Although as above noted this process is practically abandoned, the series of tests given was productive of certain...
Seite 358 - The bed has been followed some 400 feet, and the present opening is some 40 feet wide, 80 feet long, and 80 feet deep. Other beds constituting a part of the same formation occur in Weare, Warner, Canterbury, and Richmond, all of which have been operated to a greater or less extent.
Seite 315 - When this work was finished, it was the wonder of the country round. People coming from a distance made it an object to see and admire this great structure. The wonder was that stone enough could be found in the vicinity of Boston fit for the hammer to construct such an entire building. But it seemed to be universally conceded, that enough more like it could not be found to build such another.
Seite 331 - PHYSICAL AGENCIES. Heat and cold. — It is safe to say that none of the conditions under which a stone is commonly placed are more trying than those presented by the ordinary changes of temperature- in a climate like that of our Northern and Eastern States. Stones, as a rule, possess but a low conducting power and slight elasticity. They are aggregates of minerals, more or less closely cohering, each of which possesses degrees of expansion and contraction of its own. In the crystalline rocks these...
Seite 320 - The old-time method of drilling by means of a flat pointed drill called a "jumper," which is held by one workman while others strike upon it alternate blows with heavy hammers, although still in use in many quarries, has been largely superseded by steam-drills of various kinds. A simple form of the steam-drill, and one now in very general use, is that shown in the accompanying figure (page 321).
Seite 427 - The porphyries bear the same accessory minerals (hornblende, mica, etc.), as do the granites, but these are usually in such small particles as to be invisible to the naked eye. Porphyries, like granites, are of a variety of colors ; red, purple, gray, green, brown, and black of a variety of shades are not uncommon, and when, as is so often the case, the porphyritic minerals contrast in color in a marked degree with the groundmass, the effect on a polished surface is very beautiful. (3) USE OP PORPHYRY.
Seite 366 - New York. — At Moriah and Port Henry, in Essex County, in this State, there has been quarried from time to time under the name of ophite marble, a peculiar granular stone consisting of an intimate mixture of serpentine, dolomite and calcite interspersed with small flecks of phlogopite. This stone, which is an altered dolomitic and pyroxenic limestone,* seems...
Seite 332 - ... almost untouched. This same expansion and contraction of stone sometimes produces disastrous effects other than those of disintegration within its own mass. The difficulty of obtaining permanently tight joints even with the strongest cements led Colonel Totten to institute a series of experiments with a view to ascertain the actual expansion and contraction of granite, sandstone and marble when subjected to ordinary temperatures. Upwards of thirty experiments on each of these varieties of stone...
Seite 407 - ... presence of minute cavities within the quartz, usually filled wholly or in part with a liquid, though sometimes empty. This liquid is commonly water containing various salts, as the chloride of sodium or potassium, which. at times separates out in the form of minute crystals. Carbonic acid is frequently present, giving rise to a minute bubble like that of a spirit-level, and which moves from side to side of its small chamber as though endowed with life. So minute are these cavities that it has...