Language and TimeOxford University Press, 1993 - 262 Seiten This book offers a defense of the tensed theory of time, a critique of the New Theory of Reference, and an argument that simultaneity is absolute. Although Smith rejects ordinary language philosophy, he shows how it is possible to argue from the nature of language to the nature of reality. Specifically, he argues that semantic properties of tensed sentences are best explained by the hypothesis that they ascribe to events temporal properties of futurity, presentness, or pastness and do not merely ascribe relations of earlier than or simultaneity. He criticizes the New Theory of Reference, which holds that "now" refers directly to a time and does not ascribe the property of presentness. Smith does not adopt the old or Fregean theory of reference but develops a third alternative, based on his detailed theory of de re and de dicto propositions and a theory of cognitive significance. He concludes the book with a lengthy critique of Einstein's theory of time. Smith offers a positive argument for absolute simultaneity based on his theory that all propositions exist in time. He shows how Einstein's relativist temporal concepts are reducible to a conjunction of absolutist temporal concepts and relativist nontemporal concepts of the observable behavior of light rays, rigid bodies, and the like. |
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Seite 91
... discussed in section 3.5 do not arise . Tokens of ( 1 ) do not refer to themselves , and tokens of ( 2 ) do not refer to themselves , so there is no difference of reference in this regard . Moreover , tokens of ( 2 ) do not refer to ...
... discussed in section 3.5 do not arise . Tokens of ( 1 ) do not refer to themselves , and tokens of ( 2 ) do not refer to themselves , so there is no difference of reference in this regard . Moreover , tokens of ( 2 ) do not refer to ...
Seite 106
... discussed in the last section . The tensed truth conditions of A - propositions enable the tenseless token- independent truth conditions of A - propositions discussed in section 3.2 to be ex- plained . I there examined the sentence ( 5 ) ...
... discussed in the last section . The tensed truth conditions of A - propositions enable the tenseless token- independent truth conditions of A - propositions discussed in section 3.2 to be ex- plained . I there examined the sentence ( 5 ) ...
Seite 110
... ( discussed in chapter 2 ) and the tenseless token - independent rules ( discussed in chapter 3 ) of A - sentence - tokens are both compatible with , and explained by , their tensed rules . Since these tensed rules , especially the token ...
... ( discussed in chapter 2 ) and the tenseless token - independent rules ( discussed in chapter 3 ) of A - sentence - tokens are both compatible with , and explained by , their tensed rules . Since these tensed rules , especially the token ...
Inhalt
The Translation Method and the Tensed and Tenseless Theories | 3 |
The Untranslatability of ASentences by Tenseless DateSentences | 27 |
The Tensed Theory of ASentences | 94 |
Urheberrecht | |
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A-expressions A-indexicals A-sentences A-token A. N. Prior absolutely simultaneous Adolf Grünbaum affairs argue argument ascribe A-properties B-relation B-sentences believe chapter claim cognitive significance copula corresponding cosmology D. H. Mellor date theory definite description detenser dicto direct reference entails example exemplifies exists express A-propositions fact false future tensed includes indexical inheres in John's J.J.C. Smart John is running John's running language logical identity logical subject logically equivalent means Mellor metaphysical subject n-adic properties nontemporal noon Oaklander objection occurs old tenseless theory Philosophical physical events possess possible world predicates present tensed presentist presentness inheres proposition expressed propositional relation reference frame relatively rules of usage S₁ semantic semantic content sempiternality sense sentence-token T₁ temporal relations tensed sentences tensed theory tenseless date-sentences tenseless sentences tenseless theory tenseless truth conditions tenser thesis Thursday tion token-reflexive sentences token-reflexive theory true truth conditions truth value truth vehicle universal universal metaphysical