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CONTENTS.
LECTURE I.—APOTHECARIES' HALL, MAY 2, 1868.
INTRODUCTION.-NEWTON'S DISCOVERY OF THE COMPOSITION OF WHITE
LIGHT, 1675.—PROPERTIES OF SUN LIGHT.-HEATING RAYS.—LUMI-
NOUS RAYS.-CHEMICALLY ACTIVE RAYS. THE SOLAR SPECTRUM.-
POSITION OF MAXIMA.-ILLUSTRATIONS OF THESE RADIATIONS.-
MEANS OF OBTAINING A PURE SPECTRUM.--FRAUNHOFER'S LINES.—
PLANET AND MOON LIGHT.-STAR LIGHT
APPENDIX A.—EXTRACTS FROM "NEWTON'S OPTICKS
وو
Page
1
26
APPENDIX B.-BURNING MAGNESIUM WIRE A SOURCE OF LIGHT FOR
PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES
36
APPENDIX C.-ON THE CHEMICAL ACTION OF THE CONSTITUENT PARTS
OF SOLAR LIGHT
38
LECTURE II.-MAY 9, 1868.
CONTINUOUS SPECTRUM OF INCANDESCENT SOLIDS.-EFFECT OF INCREASE
OF HEAT. BROKEN SPECTRA OF GLOWING GASES.--APPLICATION
TO CHEMICAL ANALYSIS.-SPECTRA OF THE ELEMENTARY BODIES.
CONSTRUCTION OF SPECTROSCOPES.-MEANS OF OBTAINING SUB-
STANCES IN THE STATE OF GLOWING GAS.-EXAMINATION OF THE
SPECTRA OF COLOURED FLAMES.-SPECTRA OF THE METALS OF THE
ALKALIES AND ALKALINE EARTHS.-DELICACY OF THE SPECTRUM
ANALYTICAL METHOD
APPENDIX A.-KIRCHHOFF AND BUNSEN: DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECTRUM
REACTIONS OF THE SALTS OF THE ALKALIES AND ALKALINE EARTHS
41
68
APPENDIX B.--BUNSEN AND KIRCHHOFF ON THE MODE OF USING A SPEC-
APPENDIX C.-BUNSEN ON A METHOD OF MAPPING SPECTRA
LECTURE III.-MAY 16, 1868.
HISTORICAL SKETCH.-TALBOT, HERSCHEL, BUNSEN, AND KIRCHHOFF.-
DISCOVERY OF NEW ELEMENTS BY MEANS OF SPECTRUM ANALYSIS.-
CÆSIUM, RUBIDIUM, THALLIUM, INDIUM.-THEIR HISTORY AND PRO-
PERTIES.--KNOWLEDGE OF DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE OF OTHER
ELEMENTS. SPECTRA OF THE NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS, HYDROGEN,
NITROGEN, ETC.-APPLICATION OF SPECTRUM ANALYSIS TO STEEL-
MAKING
90
APPENDIX A.--SPECTRUM REACTIONS OF THE RUBIDIUM AND CÆSIUM
COMPOUNDS (BUNSEN AND KIRCHHOFF)
. 110
APPENDIX B.-CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARDS THE HISTORY OF SPECTRUM
ANALYSIS (KIRCHHOFF)
115
A
123
APPENDIX C.-ON THE SPECTRUM OF THE BESSEMER FLAME
APPENDIX D.-IGNITED GASES UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES GIVE
CONTINUOUS SPECTRA.-COMBUSTION OF HYDROGEN IN OXYGEN
APPENDIX E.-DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECTRA OF THE GASES AND NON-
METALLIC ELEMENTS
LECTURE IV.-MAY 23, 1868.
130
SPECTRA OF THE HEAVY METALS.—EXAMINATION OF THE LIGHT OF THE
ELECTRIC DISCHARGE.--VOLATILIZATION OF METALS IN THE ELEC-
TRIC ARC.-KIRCHHOFF AND HUGGINS' MAPS OF THE METALLIC
LINES.-ACTION OF INCREASE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE SPECTRA.-
SPECTRA OF COMPOUND BODIES.-ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF BLOOD
AND OTHER COLOURED LIQUIDS.—APPLICATION TO THE MICROSCOPE 134
APPENDIX A.-ON THE SPECTRA OF SOME OF THE CHEMICAL ELEMENTS 157
APPENDIX B.-ON THE EFFECT OF INCREASED TEMPERATURE UPON
THE NATURE OF THE LIGHT EMITTED BY THE VAPOUR OF CERTAIN
METALS, OR METALLIC COMPOUNDS
172
APPENDIX C.-ON THE SPECTRA OF ERBIUM AND DIDYMIUM COMPOUNDS . 175
APPENDIX D.-DESCRIPTION OF THE MICRO-SPECTROSCOPE
177
LECTURE V.-MAY 30, 1868.
FOUNDATION OF SOLAR AND STELLAR CHEMISTRY.-EXAMINATION OF THE
SOLAR SPECTRUM.-FRAUNHOFER, 1814,-KIRCHHOFF, 1861. COIN-
CIDENCE OF DARK SOLAR LINES WITH BRIGHT METALLIC LINES.-
REVERSION OF THE BRIGHT SODIUM LINES.-KIRCHHOFF'S EXPLANA-
TION. CONSTITUENTS OF THE SOLAR ATMOSPHERE. PHYSICAL CON-
STITUTION OF THE SUN.-PLANET AND MOON LIGHT.
APPENDIX A.-LOCKYER'S AND JANSSEN'S DISCOVERIES RESPECTING THE
180
SOLAR PROMINENCES.-CONCLUSION DEDUCED THEREFROM
210
ROYAL
APPENDIX B.--EXTRACTS FROM THE REPORT OF THE COUNCIL OF THE
ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY TO THE
FORTY-NINTH ANNUAL
APPENDIX C.—ÅNGSTRÖM, RECHERCHES SUR LE SPECTRE NORMAL DU
SOLEIL.
LECTURE VI.-JUNE 6, 1868.
STELLAR CHEMISTRY.-HUGGINS AND MILLER.-SPECTRA OF THE FIXED
STARS. DIFFICULTIES OF OBSERVATION.-METHODS EMPLOYED.-
VARIABLE STARS.-DOUBLE STARS.-TEMPORARY BRIGHT STARS.
NEBULE. COMETS.-CONCLUSION.
225
229
66
APPENDIX A.—EXTRACT FROM A MEMOIR ON THE SPECTRA OF SOME OF
APPENDIX B.- ON THE SPECTRUM OF MARS, WITH SOME REMARKS ON
THE COLOUR OF THAT PLANET
APPENDIX C.- "ON THE SPECTRA OF VARIABLE STARS
APPENDIX D.- FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON THE SPECTRA OF SOME OF
THE STARS AND NEBULÆ, WITH AN ATTEMPT TO DETERMINE THERE-
FROM WHETHER THESE BODIES ARE MOVING TOWARDS OR FROM THE
EARTH; ALSO OBSERVATIONS ON THE SPECTRA OF THE SUN and of
COMET II. 1868
(HUGGINS)
266
271
272
APPENDIX E.-TABLES OF THE DARK LINES OF THE SOLAR SPECTRUM,
SHOWING THE COINCIDENCES WITH THE BRIGHT LINES OF THE
SPECTRA OF MANY METALS, AS GIVEN IN THE DRAWINGS OF
PROFESSORS KIRCHHOFF AND ÅNGSTRÖM
LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL MEMOIRS ON SPECTRUM
ANALYSIS.
. 311