Hawaii and Its VolcanoesHawaiian gazette Company, Limited, 1909 - 314 Seiten |
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activity altitude ascended ashes banks basalt black ledge caldera cinder cinder cones cliff cloud Coan cone crack crater crust Dana depth Diamond Head discharge distance dome earthquakes east edge elevation eruption feet deep feet in diameter fifty feet fire fissures floor formed four hundred Haleakala Halemaumau Hawaii Hawaiian heat height hill Hilo Honolulu Hualalai hundred and fifty island jets July Kaala Kahuku Kauai Keanakakoi Kilauea Kilauea iki Koolau lapilli later lava flows liquid lava lower pit mass Maui Mauna Kea Mauna Loa miles Mokuaweoweo molten lava mountain natives nearly night Oahu observed ocean pahoehoe Pele Pele's hair Plate Professor pumice reached rising rock sand scoria seen shore side slope smoke south lake southwest square miles stream of lava sulphur summit surface thirty feet three hundred feet tion tuff twenty feet vapors visited Volcano House walls waves
Beliebte Passagen
Seite 144 - For, behold, the Lord cometh forth out of his place, and will come down, and tread upon the high places of the earth. And the mountains shall be molten under him, and the valleys shall be cleft, as wax before the fire, and as the waters that are poured down a steep place.
Seite 172 - Immediately before us yawned an immense gulf, in the form of a crescent, about two miles in length, from north-east to southwest, nearly a mile in width, and apparently 800 feet deep. The bottom was covered with lava, and the south-west and northern parts of it were one vast flood of burning matter, in a state of terrific ebullition, rolling to and fro its " fiery surge
Seite 171 - The steep which we had descended was formed of volcanic matter, apparently a light red and grey kind of lava, vesicular, and lying in horizontal strata, varying in thickness from one to forty feet. In a small number of places the different strata of lava were also rent in perpendicular or oblique directions, from the top to the bottom, either by earthquakes, or other violent convulsions of the ground connected with the action of the adjacent volcano.
Seite 190 - The whole course of the stream from Kilauea to the sea is about forty miles. Its mouth is about twenty-five miles from Hilo station. The ground over which it flowed descends at the rate of one hundred feet to the mile. The crust is now cooled, and may be traversed with care, though scalding steam, pungent gases, and smoke are still emitted in many
Seite 189 - The atmosphere in all directions was filled with ashes, spray, gases, etc.; while the burning lava, as it fell into the water, was shivered into millions of minute particles, and, being thrown back into the air, fell in showers of sand on all the surrounding country. The coast was extended into the sea for a quarter of a mile, and a pretty sand-beach and a new cape were formed. Three hills of scoria and...
Seite 88 - I seemed to be standing in the presence and before the throne of the eternal God ; and while all other voices were hushed, His alone spake. I was ten thousand feet above the sea, in a vast solitude untrodden by the foot of man or beast ; amidst a silence unbroken by any living voice, and surrounded by scenes of terrific desolation. Here I stood almost blinded by the insufferable brightness ; almost deafened with the startling clangor ; almost petrified with the awful scene. The heat was so intense...
Seite 180 - ... ceased, and immediately after, flames burst from a large cone, near which we had been in the morning, and which then appeared to have been long inactive. Red-hot stones, cinders, and ashes, were also propelled to a great height with immense violence ; and shortly after, the...
Seite 172 - The sides of the gulf before us, although composed of different strata of ancient lava, were perpendicular for about 400 feet, and rose from a wide horizontal ledge of solid black lava of irregular breadth, but extending completely round. Beneath this ledge the sides sloped gradually towards the burning lake, which was, as nearly as we could judge, 300 or 400 feet lower. It was evident, that the large crater had been recently filled with liquid lava up to this black ledge, and had, by some subterranean...
Seite 189 - From Kilauea to this place the lava flows in a subterranean gallery, probably at the depth of a thousand feet, but its course can be distinctly traced all the way, by the rending of the crust of the earth into innumerable fissures, and by the emission of smoke, steam, and gases. The eruption in this old crater is small, and from this place the stream disappears again for the distance of a mile or two, when the lava again gushed up and spread over an area of about fifty acres.
Seite 172 - ... the sides of the great gulf, and apparently quite detached from it. The streams of lava which they emitted rolled down into the lake, and mingled with the melted mass, which, though thrown up by different apertures, had perhaps been originally fused in one vast furnace.