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mean the "street" as opposed to the "house," as in Job xxxi. 32; Isaiah xlii. 2; Lam. iv. 5; and finally thus for a "street" absolutely, as in 1 Kings xx. 34; Jerem. xi. 13; xxxvii. 21 ("the bakers' street"). The word appears in the following proper name, Kirjath-huzoth, Num. xxii. 39, margin "city of streets," but LXX, woλeis éĦaúλewv, as if from Hazer, (§ 83).

SHUK,, a 'street;' from p

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following passages, Prov. vii. 8;

to run. It occurs only in the four Eccl. xii. 4, 5; and Cant. iii. 2; in

each of which it is rendered "street: " LXX, díodos, àyópa.

VIII. THE SEA AND ITS SHORES.

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IAM, ➡, "the sea"-derivation unknown, but applied to all large pieces of water.

1. With the article "Ha-Iam "-it is the Mediterranean, Josh. xv. 47; also
called "the great sea," Num. xxxiv. 6, 7; the "hinder," or
"west-
ern sea," Deut. xi. 24. From this application it is used for "the
west," even in speaking of countries where the situation of the Medi-
terranean is not in the west, as of Egypt (Exod. x. 19), or Arabia (Exod.
xxvii. 13, xxxviii. 12).

2. The 'sea of weeds,' (Iam-Suph) for the two branches of the Red Sea. See
Chap. I. pp. 5, 6.

3. "The Sea of Chinnereth," for the sea of Galilee, Num. xxxiv. 11, comp. Isa. ix. 1. Possibly this is intended in Deut. xxxiii. 23, where the word rendered "west" is Iam, meaning equally sea. See Chap. X. p. 369, note.

"Deut. iv. 49;

4. The "salt sea,"
" Gen. xiv. 3; 66 sea of the desert,'
"eastern sea," Josh. ii. 20; Zech. xiv. 8, for the Dead Sea.

5. It is also applied to great rivers, as the Nile, Jer. xix. 5; Nah. iii. 8;
Ezek. xxxii. 2; (as is still the Arabic Bahr); and to the Euphrates,
Isai. xxvii. 1; Jer. li. 26.

It is also applied to the laver in the Temple, 1 Kings, xxv. 18; 1 Chron. xviii. 8.

It is always translated "sea" in the A. V. except when used for "west."

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§ 101.

CHOPH, Яin, 'sea-shore,' from, to wash away--Gen. xlix. 13, "haven ; Deut. i. 7, "side; " Josh. ix. 1, "coasts;" Judg. v. 17, "shore ; Tapáλios, littus maris.

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For the words for the banks of a river, see § 34.

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MIPH'RATZ, 7, 'bay,' or creek, from y, to break. Occurs only in Judg. v. 17, "breaches." See Chapter VI. P. 263.

§ 103.

MACHOZ, tim, "haven." Ps. evii. 30.

The following are the words used for the waves of the sea: GAL, 2, (literally 'heap') plur. Gallim. See, amongst others, Job xxxviii. 11; Ps. lxv. 7; Isa. xlviii. 18; Ezek. xvi. 3; Zech. x. 11, all" waves;" Ps. xlii. 7, "billows."

DACI,, only in Ps. xciii. 3, "waves."

MISH BAR,, (metaphorically for the waves of trouble) see 2 Sam. xxii. 5; Ps. xlii. 7, "Jon. ii. 3, waves; "billows."

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BAMAH, 77, a high place, is used only in Job ix. 8, for the ridges of the waves of the sea.

END OF APPENDIX.

NOTE ON THE SINAITIC INSCRIPTIONS.

SINCE the greater part of this Edition was printed off, my attention has been called to an attack on some passages of Chapter I. in a work by the Rev. C. Forster, entitled "The Israelitish Authorship of the Sinaitic Inscriptions," &c. &c. One of these passages, a note attached to p. 81 (82, 1st ed.), had been omitted before I saw Mr. F.'s treatise, from an apprehension that what was meant as an expression of courteous regard might be otherwise interpreted. The other statements being confined "simply to facts which fell under my own observation," have in no case been corrected by Mr. F., and therefore require no alteration.

I am glad, however, to take the opportunity of noticing such new facts as Mr. Forster has supplied, bearing on the subject.

1. It appears that in addition to the one case noticed by myself in p. 58 (61, 1st ed.), of an inscription inaccessible to active climbers, five more have been discovered by Mr. Forster's informants. It is very possible that there may be other instances not observed by myself or by them. The general statement respecting the remaining hundreds or (as Mr. F. supposes) thousands of inscriptions would not be affected.

2. Besides the data which I had observed for fixing the age of the inscriptionsthe intermixture of some with Greek, Latin, or Arabic words, and with Christian crosses-Mr. Forster states, that in one instance Sinaitic characters have been found apparently contemporaneous with a tablet of Egyptian hieroglyphics.

3. The numerous inscriptions, described by Mr. Forster as near Mount Serbâl, apparently in addition to "the considerable numbers" observed by myself, confirm the conjecture in p. 38 (40 of 1st. edition), that Serbâl was in early times believed by many to be the Mountain of the Law; and also perhaps explain the difficulty noticed in p. 58, respecting Burckhardt's observations in the same locality.

4. In p. 58 I expressed a regret that I had not been able to visit the extraordinary inscriptions described in Mr. Forster's earlier work, as found in the neighbourhood of Tor. It may be important for future travellers to know that Mr. Forster's informants "expended ten days of indefatigable labour in the attempt to discover them, but without success."

I take this opportunity of acknowledging the courtesy of a stranger who passed through Petra last year, and who informs me, in reference to the Latin inscription given in p. 60, that he was able to make the following transcript, which, as being more complete than that obtained by our party, must modify the statement respecting Laborde's version of it.

QVINTO PRÆTEXTO FLORENTINO IIIVIRO AUR ARC ・・
FLANDO TRIB MILIT· MINERVAE ON・・ INAE · TRIB

PLEB LEG LE · · VIII HISP· PRO COS・・・・ NINE LEG AVG
PROPR· RO E··· PATR·· EX TESTA MO・・ O. IPSIVS.

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INDEX.

*** The following abbreviations are employed in this Index:-Pal. Palestine ;
M. Mountain; R. River; L. Lake; N. North; S. South; E. East;
W. West; O. T. Old Testament; N. T. New Testament; A. V.
Authorised Version of the Bible; Words preceded by †—as Abel—
are Hebrew topographical terms, which will be found at large in the
Appendix; Arabic names are put in Italics.

AARON his death on Mount Hor, 85;

"Hill of Aaron," 28, 41.

Abana, R. (Barada) 108, 405.
Abarim, M., 298.

Abel legendary site of his death, 409.
+Abel (meadow), 488.
Abel-beth-maachah, 386 note.
Abel-Shittim, 296.
Abila, 296 note.

Abila (capital of Abilene), 409.

Abimelech his conspiracy at Shechem,
237.

Abou-Simbil, 1.

Abou-zennab grave of horse of, 67.
Aboutig-Suleman: rock of, 78.
Abraham in Egypt, xxx., lv.; his wells

at Beersheba, 21, 145; oaks of, at
Mamre and Moreh, 101, 140, 141;
view of Sodom, 129; and of Moriah,
129, 249; "Abraham's house," at
Hebron, 141; and tomb, 147; his
meeting with Melchizedek, 247;
sacrifice of Isaac, 248; pursuit of
Chedorlaomer, 286, 408.

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Ádummim: Pass of, probably scene of
the Good Samaritan, 420; meaning
of word, 420 note.

Enon (springs), 309, 507.
+Agam (pond), 509.

Agricultural plains of Palestine, 134.
Ahijah, the Shilonite: tomb of, 228

note.

Ai battle of, 200; meaning of word,
117, 201 note; possibly Tel-el-Hajar,
202, 204 note; three towns so called,
117 note.

+Ain (spring), 144, 505.

Ain-el-Weibeh: not Kadesh, 94, 96.
Ain Fasael, 303 note.

Ain Jahlood (Spring of Goliath), 338

note.

Ain Sultan, 304.

Ajalon (stags), valley of, 160 note, 206.
Ajerúd, 29, 63.

Akaba (defile), town of, 10, 82, 97.
Akaba, gulf of: see Gulf of A.
Aksa see El-Aksa.

+Allon (oak), 139 note, 517.
Allon-bachuth (Oak of tears), 141 note,
218, 223, 517.

Amalekites: their ancient power, 27; on
S. of Pal., 131, 158; incursions
into Pal., 134, 336; "Mountain of
A.," 235 note.
Amanus, M., 107.
+Ammah, Hill of, 493.

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